脉冲光抽运铷原子钟C场电流源分析设计
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摘要
脉冲光抽运铷原子钟的稳定度会受到多种因素的影响,其中磁场就是重要的影响因素之一。分析了C场电流对脉冲光抽运铷原子钟稳定度的影响,利用差动放大器为核心设计研制了新型C场电流源。测试表明,电流源1 Hz和10 Hz处的噪声分别为3nA/Hz~(1/2)和1.5nA/Hz~(1/2),电流相对起伏为2×10~(-5),温度漂移为5ppm/℃。它产生的C场对脉冲光抽运铷原子钟1s处稳定度的影响小于7×10~(-16),1ks处的影响小于1×10~(-16),10ks处的影响小于5.3×10~(-17)。结果表明,该电流源的噪声、相对起伏和温度漂移等性能满足脉冲光抽运铷原子钟要求。
The stability of the pulsed optically pumped Rb clock is influenced by several effects,the magnetic field fluctuation is one of the most important one.In this paper,the influence of C-field on the stability of the pulsed optically pumped Rb clock was analyzed,and a new current source of C-field was designed by utilizing differential amplifier.The test results show that the noise is 3 nA/Hz~(1/2) and 1.5 nA/Hz~(1/2) at 1 Hz and 10 Hz Fourier frequencies,respectively,the relative current fluctuation is 2×10~(-5) and the temperature coefficient is 5 ppm/℃.The impact on stability performance of the pulsed optically pumped Rb clock is less than 7×10-~(16) at 1 s,1×10~(-16) at 1 ks,and 5.3×10~(-17) at 10 ks.The results show that the designed C-field current source can meet the requirements of the pulsed optically pumped Rb clock.
The stability of the pulsed optically pumped Rb clock is influenced by several effects,the magnetic field fluctuation is one of the most important one.In this paper,the influence of C-field on the stability of the pulsed optically pumped Rb clock was analyzed,and a new current source of C-field was designed by utilizing differential amplifier.The test results show that the noise is 3 nA/Hz~(1/2) and 1.5 nA/Hz~(1/2) at 1 Hz and 10 Hz Fourier frequencies,respectively,the relative current fluctuation is 2×10~(-5) and the temperature coefficient is 5 ppm/℃.The impact on stability performance of the pulsed optically pumped Rb clock is less than 7×10-~(16) at 1 s,1×10~(-16) at 1 ks,and 5.3×10~(-17) at 10 ks.The results show that the designed C-field current source can meet the requirements of the pulsed optically pumped Rb clock.
引文
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[2]GODONE A,MICALIZIO S,LEVI F,et al.Physics characterization and frequency stability of the pulsed rubidium maser[J].Phys.Rev.A,2006,74:401-420.
[3]MICALIZIO S,GODONE A,LEVI F,et al.Pulsed optically pumped 87 Rb vapor cell frequency standard:A multilevel approach[J].Phys.Rev.A,2009,79(1):403-421.
[4]MICALIZIO S,CALOSSO C E,GODONE A,et al.Metrological characterization of the pulsed Rb clock with optical detection[J].Metrologia,2012,49(4):425-436.
[5]杜志静,赵文宇,刘杰,等.脉冲激光抽运铷原子钟研究[J].武汉大学学报:信息科学版,2011,36(10):1236-1240.
[6]DONF G,DENG J,LIN J,et al.The progress of pulsed optically pumped rubidium clock at SIOM[C]//2016Progress in Electromagnetic Research Symposium(PIERS).Shanghai:Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers(IEEE),2016:3716-3719.
[7]DONF G,DENG J,LIN J,et al.Recent improvements on the pulsed optically pumped rubidium clock at SIOM[J].Chinese Optics Letters,2017,15(4):201-203.
[8]吴长江,管勇,陈江,等.铯原子喷泉钟均匀C场的实现[J].时间频率学报,2011,34(2):82-86.
[9]MICALIZIO S,GODONE A,LEVI F,et al.Medium-long term frequency stability of pulsed vapor cell clocks[J].IEEETrans.Ultrason.Ferroelectr.Freq,2010,57(7):1524-1534.
[10]RIEHLE F.Frequency Standards:Basics and Applications[M].Weinheim:Wiley-VCH,2004.
[11]RUTMAN J,WALLS F L.Characterization of frequency stability in precision frequency sources[J].Proc.IEEE,1991,79(7):952-960.
[12]王亚,李鹏,徐立军.一种单极性输入双极性输出压控恒流源[J].仪器仪表学报,2001,22(3):366-369.
[13]杨宇祥,王珏,牛飞龙,等.一种正弦扫频式恒流源设计[J].仪器仪表学报,2006,27(6):162-164.
[14]ZHAO N,MALIK R,LIAO W.Difference amplifier forms heart of precision current source[J].Analog Dialogue,200943(9):1-3.
[15]Analog Devices Inc.AD8276/8277Datasheet[EB/OL].(2011-11-10)[2018-04-12]http://www.analog.com/media/en/technical-documentation/data-sheets/AD8276_8277.pdf.
[16]Analog Devices Inc.AD8603/8607/8609Datasheet[EB/OL].(2008-06-22)[2018-04-16]http://www.analog.com/media/cn/technical-documentation/data-sheets/AD8603_8607_8609_cn.pdf.
[17]Keysight 3458A Multimeter Calibration Manual Edition 7[K].Keysight Technologies,2014:85.