零磁空间诱变对紫花苜蓿品种生长特性的研究
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摘要
零磁空间诱变是一种地面模拟空间零磁场的诱变育种方法。为研究零磁空间处理对紫花苜蓿生长特性的影响,以4种紫花苜蓿种子为试验材料,经零磁空间处理180 d后,测定种子活力,并以当代试材为对象,研究其农艺性状及生理指标变化。结果表明,零磁空间诱变对苜蓿种子萌发具有抑制作用,而对幼苗苗长和根长的影响因品种不同而异;零磁空间诱变处理对供试品种农艺性状的影响也不同,诱变处理抑制了驯鹿和龙牧806苜宿株高,而促进了肇东和敖汉苜蓿株高,提高了所有供试品种的分枝数以及生物产量,降低了茎叶比,而对干鲜比影响不明显。经诱变处理后植株叶片过氧化物酶活性显著提高,过氧化氢酶和超氧化物歧化酶活性因品种不同变化不同,丙二醛浓度变化不明显。表明诱变变异因品种自身特性不同而异,通过诱变处理可以改良当代苜蓿农艺性状。本研究结果为后代选育有益变异株系提供了技术参考。
Magnetic field-free space mutagenesis is a breeding method of analog space zero magnetic field on the ground.To study the effect of magnetic field-free space mutagenesis on growth characteristics of alfalfa,four alfalfa cultivars were used as experimental materials,the seed vigor was determined,and agronomic characters and physiological indexes of contemporary plants were studied after treatment by magnetic field-free space mutagenesis for 180 days. The results showed that the seed germination was obviously inhibited by magnetic field-free space mutagenesis treatment,while the influences on seedling length and root length varied among different varieties. What' s move,magnetic field-free space mutagenesis treatment showed different influences on the agronomical characteristics among these four varieties for Xunlu and Longmu806,the plant height were inhibited,while for Zhaodong and Aohan alfalfa,the plant height were promoted. The branch number and biomass production of all alfalfa varieties were also promoted,but the stem-leaf ratio showed the downward trend,and there were no obvious effects on dry-fresh ratio. After treating with magnetic field-free space mutagenesis,the peroxidase(POD) activities of all alfalfa leaves were increased. The activity changes of superoxide dismutase(SOD) and hydrogen peroxidase(CAT) were different among different varieties. There was no obvious effect on concentration of malondialdehyde(MDA). That indicated the induced mutation was dependent on the varietyies. The magnetic field-free space mutagenesis treatment can improve agronomic traits of contemporary alfalfa,and provide technical reference for the good offspring mutant strain breeding.
Magnetic field-free space mutagenesis is a breeding method of analog space zero magnetic field on the ground.To study the effect of magnetic field-free space mutagenesis on growth characteristics of alfalfa,four alfalfa cultivars were used as experimental materials,the seed vigor was determined,and agronomic characters and physiological indexes of contemporary plants were studied after treatment by magnetic field-free space mutagenesis for 180 days. The results showed that the seed germination was obviously inhibited by magnetic field-free space mutagenesis treatment,while the influences on seedling length and root length varied among different varieties. What' s move,magnetic field-free space mutagenesis treatment showed different influences on the agronomical characteristics among these four varieties for Xunlu and Longmu806,the plant height were inhibited,while for Zhaodong and Aohan alfalfa,the plant height were promoted. The branch number and biomass production of all alfalfa varieties were also promoted,but the stem-leaf ratio showed the downward trend,and there were no obvious effects on dry-fresh ratio. After treating with magnetic field-free space mutagenesis,the peroxidase(POD) activities of all alfalfa leaves were increased. The activity changes of superoxide dismutase(SOD) and hydrogen peroxidase(CAT) were different among different varieties. There was no obvious effect on concentration of malondialdehyde(MDA). That indicated the induced mutation was dependent on the varietyies. The magnetic field-free space mutagenesis treatment can improve agronomic traits of contemporary alfalfa,and provide technical reference for the good offspring mutant strain breeding.
引文
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[19]李杰,张银洁,匡萍,喻兰,郑春.快中子辐照对蝴蝶兰离体茎段生理特性的影响[J].核农学报,2017,31(6):1153-1158
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[24]王亚麒,焦玉洁,陈丹梅,袁玲,黄玥,吴叶宽,杜如万.紫茎泽兰浸提液对牧草种子发芽和幼苗生长的影响[J].草业学报,2016,25(2):150-159
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[27]马学敏,张治安,邓波,张蕴薇,高洪文,庞莹莹,杨世超,刘蒙.不同含水量紫花苜蓿种子卫星搭载后植株叶片保护酶活性的研究[J].草业科学,2011,28(5):783-787
[28]乔雨,石凤翎,熊梅,张凯旋.EMS诱变对缘毛雀麦和直立型扁蓿豆种子萌发的影响[J].种子,2016,35(3):98-100
[29]杜连莹.实践八号搭载8个苜蓿品种生物学效应研究[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨师范大学,2010
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[31]王世恒,祝水金,张雅,王艳芳.航天搭载茄子种子对其生物学特性和活性的影响[J].核农学报,2004,18(4):307-310
[2]杨红善,王彦荣,常根柱,周学辉,包文生.牧草的航天诱变研究[J].中国草地学报,2015,37(1):104-110
[3]潘多锋,张月学,王建丽,高超,张瑞博,李道明,申忠宝,王德利,刘录祥.“实践八号”卫星搭载羊草的诱变效应及变异研究[J].核农学报,2015,29(7):1233-1238
[4]刘录祥,郭会君,赵林姝,古佳玉,赵世荣.我国作物航天育种20年的基本成就与展望[J].核农学报,2007,21(6):589-592
[5]韩微波.我国苜蓿空间环境诱变育种研究进展及展望[J].核农学报,2014,28(8):1379-1383
[6]张月学,唐凤兰,张弘强,韩微波,李道明,刘杰淋,蒿若超,申忠宝,刘录祥.零磁空间处理选育紫花苜蓿品种农菁1号[J].核农学报,2007,21(1):34-37
[7]刘录祥,王晶,金海强,张义丰,赵林姝,郑企成,陈文华,赵世荣.零磁空间诱变小麦的生物效应研究[J].核农学报,2002,16(1):2-7
[8]虞秋成,刘录祥,黄宝才,张支明,徐国沾.零磁空间诱发优质籼稻雄性不育系的选育[J].核农学报,2006,20(6):497-499
[9]张月学,刘杰淋,韩微波,唐凤兰,蒿若超,尚晨,杜优颖,李佶凯,王长山.空间环境对紫花苜蓿的生物学效应[J].核农学报,2009,23(2):266-269
[10]虞秋成,刘录祥,徐国沾,施金裕.零磁空间处理水稻干种子诱变效应研究[J].核农学报,2002,8(3):139-143
[11]张雄坚,房伯平,陈景益,曹培恩,王章英,罗忠霞.甘薯空间诱变选育研究[J].广东农业科学,2008,10(3):7-10
[12]赵金涛,郭新梅,裴玉贺,赵美爱,孙欣欣,任瑛,刘录祥,宋希云.高能混合粒子场对玉米幼苗生长及抗氧化系统的影响[J].核农学报,2014,28(12):2133-2138
[13]韩微波,杜连莹,张月学,唐凤兰,刘杰淋,刘凤歧.践八号卫星搭载八个苜蓿品种的生理特性与RAPD分析[J].黑龙江农业科学,2011,8(10):101-103
[14]Xue H,Liu M,Lu J Y,Pan Y,Zhang C H.Effects of space environment on biological characters of tissue cultured rose seedlings[J].Progress in Natural Science,2005,15(5):414-418
[15]师尚礼,南丽丽,郭全恩.中国苜蓿育种取得的成就及展望[J].中国遗传资源学报,2010,11(1):46-51
[16]王显国,韩建国,陈志红,朱云生,李连述.新麦草种子成熟过程中活力变化的研究[J].草地学报,2000,8(14):306-341
[17]邹琦.植物生理学实验指导[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2000:8
[18]张治安,张美善.植物生理学实验指导[M].长春:吉林大学出版社,2008
[19]李杰,张银洁,匡萍,喻兰,郑春.快中子辐照对蝴蝶兰离体茎段生理特性的影响[J].核农学报,2017,31(6):1153-1158
[20]Hamideldin N,Eliwa N E.Gamma irradiation effect on growth,physiological and molecular aspects of mustard plant[J].American Journal of Agricultural Science,2015,2(4):164-170
[21]Al-Enezi N A,Al-Bahahrany A M,Al-khayri J M.Effect of X-irradiation on date palm seed germination and seeding growth[J].Emirates Journal of Food and Agriculture,2012,24(5):415
[22]任卫波,韩建国,张蕴薇.几种牧草种子空间诱变效应的研究[J].草业科学,2006,23(3):72-76
[23]任卫波,王蜜,陈立波,赵亮,郭慧琴.卫星搭载对苜蓿种子PEG胁迫萌发及生长的影响[J].草地学报,2008,16(4):428-430
[24]王亚麒,焦玉洁,陈丹梅,袁玲,黄玥,吴叶宽,杜如万.紫茎泽兰浸提液对牧草种子发芽和幼苗生长的影响[J].草业学报,2016,25(2):150-159
[25]王密.紫花苜蓿种子空间诱变变异效应的研究[D].呼和浩特:内蒙古农业大学,2010
[26]任卫波,韩建国,张蕴薇,郭慧琴,曹哲,王致平.卫星搭载对新麦草二代种子活力的影响[J].草原与草坪,2007,12(1):42-45
[27]马学敏,张治安,邓波,张蕴薇,高洪文,庞莹莹,杨世超,刘蒙.不同含水量紫花苜蓿种子卫星搭载后植株叶片保护酶活性的研究[J].草业科学,2011,28(5):783-787
[28]乔雨,石凤翎,熊梅,张凯旋.EMS诱变对缘毛雀麦和直立型扁蓿豆种子萌发的影响[J].种子,2016,35(3):98-100
[29]杜连莹.实践八号搭载8个苜蓿品种生物学效应研究[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨师范大学,2010
[30]吴岳轩,曾富华.空间飞行对番茄种子活力及其活性氧代谢的影响[J].园艺学报,1998,25(2):165-169
[31]王世恒,祝水金,张雅,王艳芳.航天搭载茄子种子对其生物学特性和活性的影响[J].核农学报,2004,18(4):307-310