覆盖对设施栽培灵武长枣生长和果实品质的影响
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摘要
为提升设施栽培灵武长枣的果实品质,促进其营养生长,以8年生设施栽培灵武长枣为材料,采用碎石、白色地膜、黑色地膜行内覆盖枣树树盘,测定不同覆盖处理下的植株枣吊、叶面积等营养生长指标和果实单果质量、可溶性糖含量、有机酸含量、VC含量等果实品质指标,并进行比较分析。结果表明,覆盖黑色地膜的枣吊长净增长量比对照增加了78.02%。白色地膜覆盖处理的叶绿素含量净增长量比对照提高了34.19%,叶面积净增长量比对照增加了23.68%。3种覆盖处理的果实单果质量均高于对照,其中碎石和黑色地膜覆盖单果质量增长较大,其单果质量与对照相比均增加了15.78%。覆盖碎石和黑地膜覆盖还可提高果实可溶性糖的含量。综上所述,覆盖处理有利于促进设施灵武长枣营养生长与果实营养品质,建议在生产中推广应用黑色地膜覆盖。
In order to improve fruit quality of Zizyphus jujuba Mill cv. Lingwuchangzao under protected cultivation and to promote its vegetation growth, taken eight-year-old Z. jujuba Mill cv. Lingwuchangzao under protected cultivation as materials, mulching gravel, white plastic, black plastic followed tree lines, some vegetative growth indexes(such as jujube hanging and leaf area) and some fruit quality indexes(such as single fruit mass, soluble sugar content, organic acid content and VC content) under different mulch treatments were determined and compared. The results showed that, net increment of jujube hanging length under mulching black mulch treatment was 78.02% higher than that of the control group. Net increments of chlorophyll content and leaf area were respectively increased by 34.19% and 23.68%than those of the control group. Single fruit mass under each mulch treatment was higher than that of the control group,single fruit mass under mulching gravel and black plastic treatments was larger and was increased by 15.78% than that of the control group. The mulching gravel and black plastic treatments could increase oluble sugar content in fruit. In conclusion, mulch treatment was conducive to promoting vegetation growth and fruit nutritional quality in Z. jujuba Mill cv. Lingwuchangzao, and it was suggested to promote application of mulching black plastic in production.
In order to improve fruit quality of Zizyphus jujuba Mill cv. Lingwuchangzao under protected cultivation and to promote its vegetation growth, taken eight-year-old Z. jujuba Mill cv. Lingwuchangzao under protected cultivation as materials, mulching gravel, white plastic, black plastic followed tree lines, some vegetative growth indexes(such as jujube hanging and leaf area) and some fruit quality indexes(such as single fruit mass, soluble sugar content, organic acid content and VC content) under different mulch treatments were determined and compared. The results showed that, net increment of jujube hanging length under mulching black mulch treatment was 78.02% higher than that of the control group. Net increments of chlorophyll content and leaf area were respectively increased by 34.19% and 23.68%than those of the control group. Single fruit mass under each mulch treatment was higher than that of the control group,single fruit mass under mulching gravel and black plastic treatments was larger and was increased by 15.78% than that of the control group. The mulching gravel and black plastic treatments could increase oluble sugar content in fruit. In conclusion, mulch treatment was conducive to promoting vegetation growth and fruit nutritional quality in Z. jujuba Mill cv. Lingwuchangzao, and it was suggested to promote application of mulching black plastic in production.
引文
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[10]刘球,李志辉,吴际友,等.不同地表覆盖处理对湿地松二代种子园土壤温湿度的影响研究[J].中南林业科技大学学报,2016,36(12):48-54.
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[13]南娟,汪有科,李晓彬,等.不同保墒措施对陕北山地枣园土壤温湿度及生长的影响[J].干旱地区农业研究,2011,29(2):83-89.
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[15]罗文文,高琛稀,张东,等.不同海拔环境因子对富士苹果叶片和果实品质的影响[J].应用生态学报,2014,25(8):2243-2250.
[16]杨江山,常永义,王鑫.葡萄园不同覆盖对红地球果实品质的影响[J].中外葡萄与葡萄酒,2010(3):26-28.
[17]张兆斌,赵学常,史作安,等.生态因子对冬枣果实品质的影响[J].中国生态农业学报,2009,17(5):923-928.
[18]马亚平,曹兵,王艳.灵武长枣土壤养分与果实品质间的相关性分析[J].经济林研究,2017,35(4):105-111.
[2]杨淑娟,郑国琦,章英才,等.灵武长枣正常果及裂果中Ca2+的细胞化学定位研究[J].西北植物学报,2011,31(1):84-88.
[3]欧毅,王进,王银合,等.覆盖对山地甜柿园土壤性状及树体生长结果的影响[J].西北农业学报,2005,14(2):158-162.
[4]朱伟,谢三桃,阮爱东,等.碎石覆盖对河流硬质护坡土壤抗侵蚀性及植物生长的影响[J].应用生态学报,2008,19(3):634-640.
[5]张德奇,廖允成,贾志宽.旱区地膜覆盖技术的研究进展及发展前景[J].干旱地区农业研究,2005,23(1):208-213.
[6]吴兴,梁银丽,郝旺林,等.覆盖方式对温室辣椒结果期生长和水分利用的影响[J].中国生态农业学报,2011,19(1):54-58.
[7]张晓霞,张芮,成自勇,等.不同覆盖方式和灌水量对设施延后栽培葡萄生长特性和产量品质的影响[J].干旱地区农业研究,2016,34(3):102-107.
[8]穆兰.覆盖对温室辣椒生理特性及土壤环境的影响研究[D].北京:中国科学院大学,2014.
[9]夏冬,李洁英,王广龙,等.不同覆盖方式对土壤肥力和番茄产量及品质的影响[J].生态学杂志,2014,33(7):1826-1832.
[10]刘球,李志辉,吴际友,等.不同地表覆盖处理对湿地松二代种子园土壤温湿度的影响研究[J].中南林业科技大学学报,2016,36(12):48-54.
[11]彭超,陈月华,吴际友.不同地表覆盖对地表温度、湿度和土壤水分的影响[J].中南林业科技大学学报,2014,34(4):54-59.
[12]陈汝,王金政,薛晓敏,等.不同覆盖材料对苹果冠层环境叶片光合作用和果实品质的影响[J].河北农业科学,2016,20(4):9-11,29.
[13]南娟,汪有科,李晓彬,等.不同保墒措施对陕北山地枣园土壤温湿度及生长的影响[J].干旱地区农业研究,2011,29(2):83-89.
[14]李靖,孙淑霞,陈栋,等.不同覆盖材料对设施大五星枇杷果实品质的影响[J].西南农业学报,2011,24(2):695-698.
[15]罗文文,高琛稀,张东,等.不同海拔环境因子对富士苹果叶片和果实品质的影响[J].应用生态学报,2014,25(8):2243-2250.
[16]杨江山,常永义,王鑫.葡萄园不同覆盖对红地球果实品质的影响[J].中外葡萄与葡萄酒,2010(3):26-28.
[17]张兆斌,赵学常,史作安,等.生态因子对冬枣果实品质的影响[J].中国生态农业学报,2009,17(5):923-928.
[18]马亚平,曹兵,王艳.灵武长枣土壤养分与果实品质间的相关性分析[J].经济林研究,2017,35(4):105-111.