活性炭纤维毡电极的电容脱盐性能研究
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摘要
采用活性炭纤维毡作为自支撑电极材料,组装成电容器进行恒流充放电脱盐测试。循环伏安证明电容器具有理想的双电层电容特性。分别考察了目标电压、充电电流密度对活性炭纤维脱盐性能和电流效率的影响。结果表明,随着电压的升高,脱盐量增加,电流效率先增加后降低;当电流密度过低,脱盐产率太低,而过高的电流密度会导致脱盐量及电流效率的下降。电极表面的pH变化研究证明,随着电压的升高,电极表面碱化严重。
Capacitive deionization technology is based on the electrochemical electric double layer charge and discharge theory to realize desalination and electrode regeneration.In this paper,the activated carbon fiber web,as the self-sustained electrode materials,was assembled into a capacitor.The constant current charge-discharge mode was used in the desalination process.Cyclic voltammetry test demonstrates the ideal double-layer capacitor behavior.Under the constant current charge-discharge condition,the effects of the target voltage and the current density on the desalination performance and current efficiency were investigated,respectively.The conclusion is that the desalination capacity increases with target voltage,while decreases with the changing current density higher than 38 mA/g.The optimal target voltage and current density were obtained by considering the desalination capacity and current efficiency simultaneously.pH change in electrode surface indicate that alkalization became worse with increasing the voltage.
Capacitive deionization technology is based on the electrochemical electric double layer charge and discharge theory to realize desalination and electrode regeneration.In this paper,the activated carbon fiber web,as the self-sustained electrode materials,was assembled into a capacitor.The constant current charge-discharge mode was used in the desalination process.Cyclic voltammetry test demonstrates the ideal double-layer capacitor behavior.Under the constant current charge-discharge condition,the effects of the target voltage and the current density on the desalination performance and current efficiency were investigated,respectively.The conclusion is that the desalination capacity increases with target voltage,while decreases with the changing current density higher than 38 mA/g.The optimal target voltage and current density were obtained by considering the desalination capacity and current efficiency simultaneously.pH change in electrode surface indicate that alkalization became worse with increasing the voltage.
引文
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[14]E Frackowiak,F Beguin.Carbon materials for the electrochemical storage of energy in[J].Carbon,2001,39(6):937-950.
[15]J H Lee,W S Bae,J H Choi,Electrode reactions and adsorption/desorption performance related to the applied potential in a capacitive deionization process[J].Desalination,2010,258:159-163.
[2]侯运升,鹿驽实,范俊欣.纳滤法除盐研究[J].膜科学与技术,1988,18(4):30-33.
[3]D D Candle,J H Tucker,J L Cooper,et al.Papastamataki,Electro-chemical demineralization of water with carbon electrodes[J].OklahomaUniversity Research Institute,1966,188:188-190.
[4]A M Johnson,J Newman.Desalting by means of porous carbonelectrodes[J].Electrochem Soc.,1971,118:510-517.
[5]T J Welgemoed,C F Schutte.Capacitive deionization technology TM:an desalination solution[J].Desalination,2005,183:327-340.
[6]A Seron,H Benaddi.Sorption and desorption of lithium ions fronactivated carbons[J].Carbon,1996,34(4):481-487.
[7]Pekala R W,Farmer J C,Alviso C T,et al.Carbon aerogel for electrochemical applications[J].Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids,1998,225:74-80.
[8]张登松,施利毅,方建慧,等.液流式电容型脱盐器纳米碳管电极的研究[J].功能材料与器件学报,2005,11(3):287-290.
[9]孙世强,张文峰,程杰,等.活性炭电极电容法脱盐工艺和性能的研究[J].水处理技术,2008,34(3):31-33.
[10]秦仁喜,沈军,薛辉,等.碳气凝胶电极用于NaCl溶液电容性除盐的研究[J].水处理技术,2005,31(4):53-55.
[11]曾凡龙,潘鼎.我国活性碳纤维的研究、工业化以及前景(I)[J].材料导报,2003.17(9):61-63.
[12]代凯,施利毅,方建慧,等.碳纳米管电极电吸附脱盐工艺的研究[J].应用科学学报,2005,23(5):539-544.
[13]王新征,潘丽坤,李茂刚,等.碳纳米管薄膜电极电容去离子研究[J].华东师范大学学报:自然科学版,2007(3):119-126.
[14]E Frackowiak,F Beguin.Carbon materials for the electrochemical storage of energy in[J].Carbon,2001,39(6):937-950.
[15]J H Lee,W S Bae,J H Choi,Electrode reactions and adsorption/desorption performance related to the applied potential in a capacitive deionization process[J].Desalination,2010,258:159-163.