工业机器人在LCD显示器废弃物自动化拆解流水线中的应用
|
摘要
目前在我国电子废弃物元器件的拆解业仍主要靠人工拆解来实现,人工拆解存在的突出问题是效率低下,人工成本费用逐年上升,而且电子垃圾含有多种重金属和有机污染物,这些污染物随着拆解过程释放到环境中,会对操作人员造成极大的危害。针对以上问题,文中研发了LCD流程以及选型、PLCLCD显示器拆解成塑料外壳、金属屏蔽罩、电路板和液晶屏等部分,其中有两台工业机器人承担了切割金属屏蔽罩和去除电路板的工作。实验结果表明,机器人的使用大大简化了整个流水线的机械设计,而且机器人的高速度也使得流水线的工作节拍得以保证。
The current disassembly industry of electronic waste component in China is mainly realized by manual disassembly,and the prominent problems existing in manual disassembly are low efficiency and increase of labor cost year by year. The electronic waste contains various heavy metals and organic pollutants,which can be released to the environment during the disassembly process,and cause great harm to the operating personnel. Therefore,an automatic disassembly line of LCD displayer waste is researched and developed in this paper. The working process of two industrial robots,and solutions to key problems of mode selection,interfaces to PLC and working process are described in detail. In the automatic disassembly line of LCD displayer waste,LCD displayers are disassembled into the parts of plastic shells,metal shields,circuit boards and LCD panels by means of the cutting and drilling modes. Two industrial robots are used to cut metal shields and remove circuit boards. The experimental results show that the usage of robots can greatly simplify the mechanical design of the whole assembly line,and the high speed of robots can guarantee the working pace of the assembly line.
The current disassembly industry of electronic waste component in China is mainly realized by manual disassembly,and the prominent problems existing in manual disassembly are low efficiency and increase of labor cost year by year. The electronic waste contains various heavy metals and organic pollutants,which can be released to the environment during the disassembly process,and cause great harm to the operating personnel. Therefore,an automatic disassembly line of LCD displayer waste is researched and developed in this paper. The working process of two industrial robots,and solutions to key problems of mode selection,interfaces to PLC and working process are described in detail. In the automatic disassembly line of LCD displayer waste,LCD displayers are disassembled into the parts of plastic shells,metal shields,circuit boards and LCD panels by means of the cutting and drilling modes. Two industrial robots are used to cut metal shields and remove circuit boards. The experimental results show that the usage of robots can greatly simplify the mechanical design of the whole assembly line,and the high speed of robots can guarantee the working pace of the assembly line.
引文
[1]蒋庆斌,陈小艳.工业机器人现场编程[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2014.JIANG Qingbin,CHEN Xiaoyan. Industrial robot’s field pro?gramming[M]. Beijing:China Machine Press,2014.
[2]计时鸣,黄希欢.工业机器人技术的发展与应用综述[J].机电工程,2015,32(1):1?13.JI Shiming,HUANG Xihuan. Review of development and ap?plication of industrial robot technology[J]. Journal of mechani?cal&electrical engineering,2015,32(1):1?13.
[3]梁一新,刘凯.促进我国工业机器人产业化的战略思考[J].现代产业经济,2013(6):28?32.LIANG Yixin,LIU Kai. Strategic thinking to promote the in?dustrialization of industrial robots in China[J]. Modern industri?al economy,2013(6):28?32.
[4]本刊编辑部.我国工业机器人现状与发展[J].机器人技术与应用,2013(2):1?3.Editorial department of robot technique and application. Statusand development of industrial robots in China[J]. Robot tech?nique and application,2013(2):1?3.
[5]严骁,李淑圆,王美欢,等.电子垃圾拆解工人的肝功能和肾功能健康状况及影响因素分析:以清远市龙塘镇为例[J].环境科学,2018,39(2):953?960.YAN Xiao,LI Shuyuan,WANG Meihuan,et al. Factor analy?sis of liver function and renal function of health status and ef?fect of electronic waste dismantling workers in Longtang townof Qingyuan city[J]. Environmental science,2018,39(2):953?960.
[6]梁思.典型电子废物拆解区溴代阻燃剂和重金属人体负荷研究[D].上海:华东理工大学,2016.LIANG Si. Study of brominated flame retardants and heavy met?als in typical electronic waste dismantling area[D]. Shanghai:East China University of Science&Technology,2016.
[7] BI X,THOMAS G O,JONES K C,et al. Exposure of electron?ics dismantling workers to polybrominated diphenyl ethers,polychlorinated biphenyls, and organochlorine pesticides inSouth China[J]. Environmental science&technology,2007,41(16):5647?5653.
[8] REN G,YU Z,MA S,et al. Determination of dechlorane plusin serum from electronics dismantling workers in South China[J]. Environmental science&technology,2009,43(24):9453?9457.
[9] ZHENG J,LUO X J,YUAN J G,et al. Heavy metals in hairof residents in an e?waste recycling area,South China:con?tents and assessment of bodily state[J]. Archives of environ?mental contamination&toxicology,2011,61(4):696?703.
[10]秦琴,屠子美,刘唯,等.一种基于视觉定位和扭矩控制的自动拆卸螺钉方法及其装置:CN104924064A[P].2015?09?23.QIN Qin,TU Zimei,LIU Wei,et al. A method and devicefor automatic disassembly screw based on visual positioningand torque control:CN104924064A[P]. 2015?09?23.
[11]秦琴,黄江巍,刘正国.一种焊机移动控制系统以及控制方法:CN104384762A[P].2015?03?04.QIN Qin,HUANG Jiangwei,LIU Zhengguo. The moving con?trol system and control method of a welding machine:CN104384762A[P]. 2015?03?04.
[12]兰虎.工业机器人技术及应用[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2014.LAN Hu. The technology and application of industrial robot[M]. Beijing:China Machine Press,2014.
[2]计时鸣,黄希欢.工业机器人技术的发展与应用综述[J].机电工程,2015,32(1):1?13.JI Shiming,HUANG Xihuan. Review of development and ap?plication of industrial robot technology[J]. Journal of mechani?cal&electrical engineering,2015,32(1):1?13.
[3]梁一新,刘凯.促进我国工业机器人产业化的战略思考[J].现代产业经济,2013(6):28?32.LIANG Yixin,LIU Kai. Strategic thinking to promote the in?dustrialization of industrial robots in China[J]. Modern industri?al economy,2013(6):28?32.
[4]本刊编辑部.我国工业机器人现状与发展[J].机器人技术与应用,2013(2):1?3.Editorial department of robot technique and application. Statusand development of industrial robots in China[J]. Robot tech?nique and application,2013(2):1?3.
[5]严骁,李淑圆,王美欢,等.电子垃圾拆解工人的肝功能和肾功能健康状况及影响因素分析:以清远市龙塘镇为例[J].环境科学,2018,39(2):953?960.YAN Xiao,LI Shuyuan,WANG Meihuan,et al. Factor analy?sis of liver function and renal function of health status and ef?fect of electronic waste dismantling workers in Longtang townof Qingyuan city[J]. Environmental science,2018,39(2):953?960.
[6]梁思.典型电子废物拆解区溴代阻燃剂和重金属人体负荷研究[D].上海:华东理工大学,2016.LIANG Si. Study of brominated flame retardants and heavy met?als in typical electronic waste dismantling area[D]. Shanghai:East China University of Science&Technology,2016.
[7] BI X,THOMAS G O,JONES K C,et al. Exposure of electron?ics dismantling workers to polybrominated diphenyl ethers,polychlorinated biphenyls, and organochlorine pesticides inSouth China[J]. Environmental science&technology,2007,41(16):5647?5653.
[8] REN G,YU Z,MA S,et al. Determination of dechlorane plusin serum from electronics dismantling workers in South China[J]. Environmental science&technology,2009,43(24):9453?9457.
[9] ZHENG J,LUO X J,YUAN J G,et al. Heavy metals in hairof residents in an e?waste recycling area,South China:con?tents and assessment of bodily state[J]. Archives of environ?mental contamination&toxicology,2011,61(4):696?703.
[10]秦琴,屠子美,刘唯,等.一种基于视觉定位和扭矩控制的自动拆卸螺钉方法及其装置:CN104924064A[P].2015?09?23.QIN Qin,TU Zimei,LIU Wei,et al. A method and devicefor automatic disassembly screw based on visual positioningand torque control:CN104924064A[P]. 2015?09?23.
[11]秦琴,黄江巍,刘正国.一种焊机移动控制系统以及控制方法:CN104384762A[P].2015?03?04.QIN Qin,HUANG Jiangwei,LIU Zhengguo. The moving con?trol system and control method of a welding machine:CN104384762A[P]. 2015?03?04.
[12]兰虎.工业机器人技术及应用[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2014.LAN Hu. The technology and application of industrial robot[M]. Beijing:China Machine Press,2014.