城市河道介体强化总氮削减的微生物群落结构分析
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摘要
通过比较3种介体材料(生物炭、毛毡和无纺布)对城市河道总氮削减强化的效果,发现经过84 d的运行,相比空白组,无纺布对总氮的削减强化效果最好,削减率可提升23.4%;其次是毛毡,削减率可提升13.9%;生物炭对总氮削减效果不佳.在此基础上,系统探究了不同介体强化组中的微生物多样性及结构分布特征,表明与空白组相比,无纺布组可以显著增加菌群多样性和丰富度,而且与氮转化相关的变形菌门丰度明显高于毛毡组和生物炭组,特别是一些典型的反硝化菌属Azospirillum、Thiobacillus和Azoarcus的丰度均显著高于其他实验组,而与反硝化菌存在竞争关系的产甲烷菌属Syntrophorhabdus低于空白和生物炭组;毛毡组的微生物菌群结构呈现出与无纺布相似的趋势,但其中的反硝化菌属丰度均低于无纺布组;生物炭组微生物群落组成与空白组最为相似,推测无纺布介体材料具有较好的生物相容性,更有利于挂膜,从而促使反硝化菌属的生长.综合比较,无纺布介体材料更有利于对城市河道总氮的削减.
We compared the removal rate of total nitrogen in urban rivers with three kinds of media(biochar, felt, and non-woven fabric). After 84 days in operation, it was found that non-woven fabric increased the removal rate of total nitrogen by 23.4% over the control group; felt increased the removal rate of total nitrogen by 13.9% over the control group; and biochar had a poor effect on total nitrogen removal. The microbial diversity and community composition of different media-enhanced groups were then systematically explored; the results showed that non-woven fabric can significantly increase microbial diversity and abundance. Moreover, proteobacteria, which is related to nitrogen conversion,was found to be significantly higher in the non-woven fabric group than the felt and biochar groups, especially the abundance of denitrifying bacteria(Azospirillum,Thiobacillus, and Azoarcus). The abundance of methanogen, which is in competition with the denitrifying bacteria Syntrophorhabdus, was found to be lower in non-woven fabric than in the control and biochar groups. The microbial flora structure of the felt group showed a similar trend to that of the non-woven fabric group, but the abundance of denitrifying bacteria was lower.The microbial community composition of the biochar group was the most similar to that of the control group. It is speculated that non-woven fabric has better biocompatibility than other groups; this is beneficial for biofilm formation and thereby promotes the growth of denitrifying bacteria. In a comprehensive comparison, non-woven media materials are more conducive to the removal of total nitrogen in urban rivers.
We compared the removal rate of total nitrogen in urban rivers with three kinds of media(biochar, felt, and non-woven fabric). After 84 days in operation, it was found that non-woven fabric increased the removal rate of total nitrogen by 23.4% over the control group; felt increased the removal rate of total nitrogen by 13.9% over the control group; and biochar had a poor effect on total nitrogen removal. The microbial diversity and community composition of different media-enhanced groups were then systematically explored; the results showed that non-woven fabric can significantly increase microbial diversity and abundance. Moreover, proteobacteria, which is related to nitrogen conversion,was found to be significantly higher in the non-woven fabric group than the felt and biochar groups, especially the abundance of denitrifying bacteria(Azospirillum,Thiobacillus, and Azoarcus). The abundance of methanogen, which is in competition with the denitrifying bacteria Syntrophorhabdus, was found to be lower in non-woven fabric than in the control and biochar groups. The microbial flora structure of the felt group showed a similar trend to that of the non-woven fabric group, but the abundance of denitrifying bacteria was lower.The microbial community composition of the biochar group was the most similar to that of the control group. It is speculated that non-woven fabric has better biocompatibility than other groups; this is beneficial for biofilm formation and thereby promotes the growth of denitrifying bacteria. In a comprehensive comparison, non-woven media materials are more conducive to the removal of total nitrogen in urban rivers.
引文
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[14]姚丽平.城市黑臭河道底泥微生物群落结构对人工曝气的响应特征及机理研究[D].上海:华东师范大学,2014.
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[20]孙寓姣,左剑恶,陈莉莉,等.同时产甲烷反硝化颗粒污泥中微生物群落结构[J].中国环境科学,2007,27(1):41-41.
[21]GAOF,LIZW,CHANGQB,etal.Effectofflorfenicolonperformanceandmicrobialcommunityofasequencingbatchbiofilmreactortreatingmariculturewastewater[J].EnvironmentalTechnology,2018,39(3):363-372.
[22]王薇,蔡祖聪,钟文辉,等.好氧反硝化菌的研究进展[J].应用生态学报,2007,18(11):2618-2625.
[23]PANJX,MAJD,WUHZ,etal.Simultaneousremovalofthiocyanateandnitrogenfromwastewaterbyautotrophicdenitritationprocess[J].BioresourceTechnology,2018,267:30-37.
[24]陈晶,张敏特,陈萍,等.菌剂强化潜流湿地总氮总磷去除及功能菌特性[J].环境化学,2015,34(12):2268-2274.
[25]方晶晶,马传明,刘存富.反硝化细菌研究进展[J].环境科学与技术,2010,33(S1):206-210,264.
[26]ZHANGRC,XUXJ,CHENC,etal.Interactionsoffunctionalbacteriaandtheircont-ributionstotheperformanceinintegratedautotrophicandheterotrophicdenitrification[J].WaterResearch,2018,143:355-366.
[2]于令芹.A/O短程硝化反硝化耦合污泥水解脱氮性能研究[D].辽宁大连:大连理工大学,2009.
[3]李志洪.曝气扰动模式对黑臭河道底泥内源营养盐行为的影响作用及氮转化功能菌群响应规律研究[D].上海:华东师范大学,2015.
[4]李文超.曝气扰动下城市黑臭河道底泥内源硫、铁行为与氮循环耦合作用研究[D].上海:华东师范大学,2016.
[5]付炳炳,潘建新,马景德,等.采用含硫铁化学污泥作为反硝化电子供体进行焦化废水中总氮深度去除[J].环境科学,2018,7:3262-3270.
[6]黄子贤.沉水植物对陆域水产养殖污染削减效应研究[D].上海:上海海洋大学,2011.
[7]王弘宇,马放,苏俊峰,等.好氧反硝化菌株的鉴定及其反硝化特性研究[J].环境科学,2007,28(7):1548-1552.
[8]王润众,郝瑞霞,赵文莉.新型缓释碳源的制备及其性能[J].环境工程学报,2016,10(1):81-87.
[9]ZHANGC,ZHUMY,ZENGGM,etal.Activecappingtechnology:Anewenvironmentalremediat-ionofcontaminatedsediment[J].EnviromentalScienceandPollutionResarch,2016,23(5):4370-4386.
[10]ZHOUZM,HUANGTL,YUANBL,etal.Remediationofnitrogen-contaminatedsedimentusingbioreactive,thin-layercappingwithbiozeolite[J].Soil&SedimentContamination,2016,25(1):89-100.
[11]国家环保局.水和废水监测分析方法[M].北京:中国环境科学出版社,1998:254-257.
[12]黄华山,杨志敏,周真明,等.净水厂污泥覆盖控制底泥氮磷释放效果[J].华侨大学学报(自然科学版),2016,37(3):347-351.
[13]刘青松,赵丽芳.热解温度对生物炭表面性质及释放氮磷的影响[J].农业资源与环境学报,2016,33(2):164-169.
[14]姚丽平.城市黑臭河道底泥微生物群落结构对人工曝气的响应特征及机理研究[D].上海:华东师范大学,2014.
[15]闫媛,黎力,王亚宜,等.采用高通量测序分析全程自养脱氮(CANON)系统不同脱氮效能下的微生物群落结构[J].北京工业大学学报,2015,10:1485-1492.
[16]ZOUY,LINMX,XIONGWG,etal.Metagenomicinsightsintotheeffectofoxytetracyclineonmicrobialstructures,functionsandfunctionalgenesinsedimentdenitrification[J].EcotoxicologyandEnvironmentalSafety,2018,161:85-91.
[17]ZHANGKY,GUJ,WANGXJ,etal.Variationsinthedenitrifyingmicrobialcommunityandfunctionalgenesduringmesophilicandthermophilicanaerobicdigestionofcattlemanure[J].ScienceoftheTotalEnvironment,2018,634:501-508.
[18]WEIG,LIM,LIF,etal.Distinctdistributionpatternsofprokaryotesbetweense-dimentandwaterintheYellowRiverestuary[J].ApplMicrobiolBiotechnol,2016,100(22):9683-9697.
[19]覃千山.基于宏基因组的未培养互营烃降解菌‘CandidatusSmithellacisternae'的生物信息学研究[D].北京:中国农业科学院,2015.
[20]孙寓姣,左剑恶,陈莉莉,等.同时产甲烷反硝化颗粒污泥中微生物群落结构[J].中国环境科学,2007,27(1):41-41.
[21]GAOF,LIZW,CHANGQB,etal.Effectofflorfenicolonperformanceandmicrobialcommunityofasequencingbatchbiofilmreactortreatingmariculturewastewater[J].EnvironmentalTechnology,2018,39(3):363-372.
[22]王薇,蔡祖聪,钟文辉,等.好氧反硝化菌的研究进展[J].应用生态学报,2007,18(11):2618-2625.
[23]PANJX,MAJD,WUHZ,etal.Simultaneousremovalofthiocyanateandnitrogenfromwastewaterbyautotrophicdenitritationprocess[J].BioresourceTechnology,2018,267:30-37.
[24]陈晶,张敏特,陈萍,等.菌剂强化潜流湿地总氮总磷去除及功能菌特性[J].环境化学,2015,34(12):2268-2274.
[25]方晶晶,马传明,刘存富.反硝化细菌研究进展[J].环境科学与技术,2010,33(S1):206-210,264.
[26]ZHANGRC,XUXJ,CHENC,etal.Interactionsoffunctionalbacteriaandtheircont-ributionstotheperformanceinintegratedautotrophicandheterotrophicdenitrification[J].WaterResearch,2018,143:355-366.
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