基于坡度特征的花岗岩风化程度划分方法研究
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摘要
针对目前遥感技术手段难以快速划分岩石风化程度的问题,以花岗岩为研究对象,通过分析风化程度与坡度的耦合关系,提出了一种基于坡度特征的花岗岩风化程度划分方法。该方法首先利用卫星遥感数据解译区域地层岩性,通过立体像提取区域坡度信息;然后对坡度分级并统计花岗岩地质体内各级坡度的面积百分比;最后根据坡度分级特征曲线判断花岗岩风化程度。野外验证表明,该方法可以准确划分花岗岩风化程度,可为工程设计和施工作业提供参考。
For solving the problem of quick dividing rock weathering degree by present remote sensing technology,a method for the classification of granite weathering degree based on slope characteristics was proposed by analyzing the coupling relationship between the granite weathering degree and the slope. Firstly,regional stratum lithology was interpreted by remote sensing data,and regional slope information was extracted by stereoscopic images.Secondly,the slope was divided into five grades,and the area percentages of different slopes in granite area was counted. Lastly,according to the characteristic curves of slope grade,the granite weathering degree could be classified. According to field verification,this method can correctly classify the granite weathering degree,which provides reference for engineering design and construction work.
For solving the problem of quick dividing rock weathering degree by present remote sensing technology,a method for the classification of granite weathering degree based on slope characteristics was proposed by analyzing the coupling relationship between the granite weathering degree and the slope. Firstly,regional stratum lithology was interpreted by remote sensing data,and regional slope information was extracted by stereoscopic images.Secondly,the slope was divided into five grades,and the area percentages of different slopes in granite area was counted. Lastly,according to the characteristic curves of slope grade,the granite weathering degree could be classified. According to field verification,this method can correctly classify the granite weathering degree,which provides reference for engineering design and construction work.
引文
[1]聂德新,韩爱果,巨广宏.岩体风化的综合分带研究[J].工程地质学报,2002,10(1):20-25.
[2]巨广宏.黄河拉西瓦水电站深切河谷花岗岩体风化卸荷的工程地质研究[D].成都:成都理工大学,2002.
[3]冯涛.武广客运专线韶花段球状风化花岗岩工程特性研究[D].成都:西南交通大学,2004.
[4]王海.浅谈奎北线第三系泥岩风化程度划分[J].铁道勘察,2008,34(3):50-52.
[5]周永伟.风化类岩石中地铁暗挖车站施工稳定性分析[D].沈阳:东北大学,2011.
[6]李日运,吴林峰.岩石风化程度特征指标的分析研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2004,23(22):3830-3833.
[7]孟田华.云冈石窟风化的综合分析研究[D].北京:中国地质大学(北京),2014.
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[10]Steward H E,Cripps J C.Some engineering implications of chemical weathering of pyritic shale[J].Quarterly Journal of Engineering Geology and Hydrogeology,1983,16(4):281-289.
[11]巫锡勇,罗健,魏有仪.岩石风化与岩石化学成分的变化研究[J].地质与勘探,2004,40(4):85-88.
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[13]吴发根.广州市花岗质岩石风化带的工程地质特性研究[D].广州:广州大学,2013.
[14]王彪.昌北千枚岩风化程度的模糊综合评判及桩基承载力分析[D].南昌:华东交通大学,2007.
[15]杨凌云.秦岭山区风化变质软岩作为高速公路路堤填料的研究及应用[D].西安:长安大学,2011.
[16]冯庆祖,陈龙,聂德新.岩体风化程度量化分带研究[J].地质灾害与环境保护,2001,12(2):76-79.
[17]宋照亮,彭渤.关于岩石风化过程中化学组分迁移的定量研究方法[J].大地构造与成矿学,2002,26(3):300-305.
[18]赵善国,李景山,田春竹,等.基岩风化带的划分及风化效应[J].黑龙江水专学报,2002,29(2):34-35.
[19]左三胜,任光明.运用定量指标研究岩体风化问题的探讨[J].山地学报,2002,20(3):365-369.
[20]Irfan T Y.Mineralogy,fabric properties and classification of weathered granites in Hong Kong[J].Quarterly Journal of Engineering Geology and Hydrogeology,1996,29(1):5-35.
[21]Price J R,Velbel M A.Chemical weathering indices applied to weathering profiles developed on heterogeneous felsic metamorphic parent rocks[J].Chemical Geology,2003,202(3/4):397-416.
[22]Xiong S F,Ding Z L,Zhu Y J,et al.A similar to 6 Ma chemical weathering history,the grain size dependence of chemical weathering intensity,and its implications for provenance change of the Chinese loess-red clay deposit[J].Quaternary Science Reviews,2010,29(15/16):1911-1922.
[23]Topal T.Quantification of weathering depths in slightly weathered tuffs[J].Environmental Geology,2002,42(6):632-641.
[24]MathéP E,Rochette P,Vandamme D,et al.Volumetric changes in weathered profiles:iso-element mass balance method questioned by magnetic fabric[J].Earth and Planetary Science Letters,1999,167(3/4):255-267.
[25]Hill I G,Worden R H,Meighan I G.Yttrium:The immobilitymobility transition during basaltic weathering[J].Geology,2000,28(10):923-926.
[26]Kurtz A C,Derry L A,Chadwick O A.Refractory element mobility in volcanic soils[J].Geology,2000,28(8):683-686.
[27]刘成禹,何满潮.对岩石风化程度敏感的化学风化指数研究[J].地球与环境,2011,39(3):349-354.
[28]Lyon R J P.Effects of weathering,desert-varnish,etc.on spectral signatures of mafic,ultramafic and felsic rocks,Leonorawest Australia[J].International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium,1990(2):1177-1179.
[29]莱昂,项月琴,张良培.风化及其它类荒漠漆表面层对高光谱分辨率遥感的影响(二)[J].环境遥感,1996,11(3):186-194.
[30]莱昂,项月琴,张良培.风化及其它类荒漠漆表面层对高光谱分辨率遥感的影响(一)[J].环境遥感,1996,11(2):138-150.
[31]周霄,高峰,张爱武,等.VIS/NIR高光谱成像在中国云冈石窟砂岩风化状况分布研究中的进展[J].光谱学与光谱分析,2012,32(3):790-794.
[32]柳俊山.风化作用对遥感图像影像特征的影响[J].遥感地质,1988(1):28-30.
[2]巨广宏.黄河拉西瓦水电站深切河谷花岗岩体风化卸荷的工程地质研究[D].成都:成都理工大学,2002.
[3]冯涛.武广客运专线韶花段球状风化花岗岩工程特性研究[D].成都:西南交通大学,2004.
[4]王海.浅谈奎北线第三系泥岩风化程度划分[J].铁道勘察,2008,34(3):50-52.
[5]周永伟.风化类岩石中地铁暗挖车站施工稳定性分析[D].沈阳:东北大学,2011.
[6]李日运,吴林峰.岩石风化程度特征指标的分析研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2004,23(22):3830-3833.
[7]孟田华.云冈石窟风化的综合分析研究[D].北京:中国地质大学(北京),2014.
[8]Pye K,Miller J A.Chemical and biochemical weathering of pyritic mudrocks in a shale embankment[J].Quarterly Journal of Engineering Geology and Hydrogeology,1990,23(4):365-381.
[9]Hawkins A B,Pinchs G M.Cause and significance of heave at Llandough Hespital,Cardiff:A case history of ground floor heave due to gypsum growth[J].Quarterly Journal of Engineering Geology and Hydrogeology,1987,20(1):41-57.
[10]Steward H E,Cripps J C.Some engineering implications of chemical weathering of pyritic shale[J].Quarterly Journal of Engineering Geology and Hydrogeology,1983,16(4):281-289.
[11]巫锡勇,罗健,魏有仪.岩石风化与岩石化学成分的变化研究[J].地质与勘探,2004,40(4):85-88.
[12]田小甫.太原晋阳大佛边坡岩体风化分级及地震稳定性评价研究[D].北京:中国地质大学(北京),2009.
[13]吴发根.广州市花岗质岩石风化带的工程地质特性研究[D].广州:广州大学,2013.
[14]王彪.昌北千枚岩风化程度的模糊综合评判及桩基承载力分析[D].南昌:华东交通大学,2007.
[15]杨凌云.秦岭山区风化变质软岩作为高速公路路堤填料的研究及应用[D].西安:长安大学,2011.
[16]冯庆祖,陈龙,聂德新.岩体风化程度量化分带研究[J].地质灾害与环境保护,2001,12(2):76-79.
[17]宋照亮,彭渤.关于岩石风化过程中化学组分迁移的定量研究方法[J].大地构造与成矿学,2002,26(3):300-305.
[18]赵善国,李景山,田春竹,等.基岩风化带的划分及风化效应[J].黑龙江水专学报,2002,29(2):34-35.
[19]左三胜,任光明.运用定量指标研究岩体风化问题的探讨[J].山地学报,2002,20(3):365-369.
[20]Irfan T Y.Mineralogy,fabric properties and classification of weathered granites in Hong Kong[J].Quarterly Journal of Engineering Geology and Hydrogeology,1996,29(1):5-35.
[21]Price J R,Velbel M A.Chemical weathering indices applied to weathering profiles developed on heterogeneous felsic metamorphic parent rocks[J].Chemical Geology,2003,202(3/4):397-416.
[22]Xiong S F,Ding Z L,Zhu Y J,et al.A similar to 6 Ma chemical weathering history,the grain size dependence of chemical weathering intensity,and its implications for provenance change of the Chinese loess-red clay deposit[J].Quaternary Science Reviews,2010,29(15/16):1911-1922.
[23]Topal T.Quantification of weathering depths in slightly weathered tuffs[J].Environmental Geology,2002,42(6):632-641.
[24]MathéP E,Rochette P,Vandamme D,et al.Volumetric changes in weathered profiles:iso-element mass balance method questioned by magnetic fabric[J].Earth and Planetary Science Letters,1999,167(3/4):255-267.
[25]Hill I G,Worden R H,Meighan I G.Yttrium:The immobilitymobility transition during basaltic weathering[J].Geology,2000,28(10):923-926.
[26]Kurtz A C,Derry L A,Chadwick O A.Refractory element mobility in volcanic soils[J].Geology,2000,28(8):683-686.
[27]刘成禹,何满潮.对岩石风化程度敏感的化学风化指数研究[J].地球与环境,2011,39(3):349-354.
[28]Lyon R J P.Effects of weathering,desert-varnish,etc.on spectral signatures of mafic,ultramafic and felsic rocks,Leonorawest Australia[J].International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium,1990(2):1177-1179.
[29]莱昂,项月琴,张良培.风化及其它类荒漠漆表面层对高光谱分辨率遥感的影响(二)[J].环境遥感,1996,11(3):186-194.
[30]莱昂,项月琴,张良培.风化及其它类荒漠漆表面层对高光谱分辨率遥感的影响(一)[J].环境遥感,1996,11(2):138-150.
[31]周霄,高峰,张爱武,等.VIS/NIR高光谱成像在中国云冈石窟砂岩风化状况分布研究中的进展[J].光谱学与光谱分析,2012,32(3):790-794.
[32]柳俊山.风化作用对遥感图像影像特征的影响[J].遥感地质,1988(1):28-30.