大豆油和棕榈油制备生物润滑油基础油三羟甲基丙烷脂肪酸酯的理化性质分析
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摘要
按照美国材料与试验协会国际标准(ASTM)对大豆油和棕榈油制备的生物润滑油基础油三羟甲基丙烷脂肪酸酯(TMPFAE)的理化性质进行测定。大豆油脂肪酸甲酯(FAME)与三羟甲基丙烷(TMP)分别按照物质的量比为4∶1、3.1∶1,棕榈油FAME与TMP按照物质的量比3.1∶1进行反应,用K2CO3作为催化剂合成三羟甲基丙烷脂肪酸三酯(TFATE)。结果表明:棕榈油FAME转化率为76.95%,TMPFAE中TFATE含量为66.88%,大豆油FAME(nFAME∶nTMP=3.1∶1)转化率为74.83%,TMPFAE中TFATE含量为54.76%;大豆油TMPFAE低温性能较好,但是氧化稳定性较差,运动黏度和动力黏度较低;而棕榈油TMPFAE氧化稳定性好,但是低温性能差。
The physicochemical properties of trimethylolpropane fatty acid esters(TMPFAE) as biolubricant base oil prepared from soybean oil and palm oil were tested by international standards of American Society Testing Materials(ASTM).Soybean oil fatty acid methyl esters(FAME) reacted with trimethylolpropane(TMP) in mass ratios of 4∶ 1 and 3.1∶ 1,palm oil FAME reacted with TMP in a mass ratio of3.1∶ 1,to generate trimethylolpropane fatty acid triester(TFATE) with K2CO3 as catalyst.The results showd that the conversion rate of palm oil FAME was 76.95%,and TFATE content in TMPFAE was66.88%.The conversion rate of soybean oil FAME(nFAME∶ nTMP= 3.1 ∶ 1) was 74.83%,and TFATE content in TMPFAE was 54.76%.Soybean oil TMPFAE had good properties at low temperature,but its oxidation stability was poor,and the kinematic viscosity and dynamic viscosity were lower.The oxidation stability of palm oil TMPFAE was good,but the low temperature property was poor.
The physicochemical properties of trimethylolpropane fatty acid esters(TMPFAE) as biolubricant base oil prepared from soybean oil and palm oil were tested by international standards of American Society Testing Materials(ASTM).Soybean oil fatty acid methyl esters(FAME) reacted with trimethylolpropane(TMP) in mass ratios of 4∶ 1 and 3.1∶ 1,palm oil FAME reacted with TMP in a mass ratio of3.1∶ 1,to generate trimethylolpropane fatty acid triester(TFATE) with K2CO3 as catalyst.The results showd that the conversion rate of palm oil FAME was 76.95%,and TFATE content in TMPFAE was66.88%.The conversion rate of soybean oil FAME(nFAME∶ nTMP= 3.1 ∶ 1) was 74.83%,and TFATE content in TMPFAE was 54.76%.Soybean oil TMPFAE had good properties at low temperature,but its oxidation stability was poor,and the kinematic viscosity and dynamic viscosity were lower.The oxidation stability of palm oil TMPFAE was good,but the low temperature property was poor.
引文
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[2]MENDOZA G,IGARTUA A,FERNANDEZ-DIAZ B,et al.Vegetable oils as hydraulic fluids for agricultural applications[J].Grasasy Y Aceites,2011,62(1):29-38.
[3]汪勇,王尔佩,唐书泽,等.棕榈油甲酯制备生物润滑油三羟甲基丙烷脂肪酸三酯的工艺研究[J].中国粮油学报,2013,28(2):27-32.
[4]CHANG T S,MASOOD H,YUNUS R,et al.Activity of calcium methoxide catalyst for synthesis of high oleic palm oil based trimethylolpropane triesters as lubricant base stock[J].Ind Eng Chem Res,2012,51(15):5438-5442.
[5]齐颖,邵弘,孙博,等.大豆润滑油抗氧化性的研究[J].食品工业科技,2011,32(2):121-122,126.
[6]李兴虎,赵晓静.润滑油黏度的影响因素分析[J].润滑油,2009,24(6):59-64.
[7]孙龙江,徐世民,丁辉,等.大豆生物柴油动力黏度试验研究[J].化学工业与工程,2007,24(6):521-524.
[8]刘伟伟,张无敌.生物柴油的理化性质及质量标准[J].能源工程,2006(1):27-31.
[9]王会东,李建明,薛卫国,等.加氢润滑油基础油结构组成与氧化安定性的关系[J].石油学报(石油加工),2010,26(1):93-97.
[10]HAAGENSON D M,BRUDVIK R L,LIN H J,et al.Implementing an in situ alkaline transesterification method for canola biolubricant quality screening[J].J Am Oil Chem Soc,2010,87:1351-1358.
[11]American Society for Testing and Materials(ASTM).Standard specification for biodiesel fuel blend stock(B100)for distillate fuels,designation:D6751-09[S].West Conshohocken:ASTM,2009.
[12]王尔佩,汪勇,蔡子哲,等.气相色谱法分析生物润滑油三羟甲基丙烷脂肪酸三酯的研究[J].中国粮油学报,2013,28(1):108-111,116.
[13]张惠娟,尚琼,鲁厚芳,等.棕榈油制备生物柴油过程中的物相组成及产品性质[J].中国油脂,2008,33(3):49-52.