湖州市东南部农田土壤重金属分布特征及污染评价
|
摘要
以湖州市东南部农田土壤为研究对象,采用地统计学方法对土壤重金属空间变异特征进行研究,利用单因子污染指数、尼梅罗综合污染指数、地质累积指数和潜在生态风险指数开展污染评价。结果表明,该地区土壤Cd均值高于国家土壤环境标准(Ⅱ),土壤重金属(Cr、Ni、Cu、Zn、Cd、Pb、Hg)质量比高于背景值。研究区土壤污染程度不高,由西向东Hg污染逐渐增强,Cd污染集中在南浔镇东南部和练市镇中部。土壤Hg、Cd地质累积指数分别为0.50、0.11,为轻-中度污染水平;土壤重金属单因子污染趋势由高到低依次为Cd、Hg、Ni、Zn、Cu、Cr、As、Pb,尼梅罗综合污染指数显示未达到污染水平,仅南浔镇中部、善链镇南部和旧馆镇与双林镇交界处出现轻度及以上污染;Cd的潜在生态风险程度为中等,综合潜在生态风险为轻微等级。土壤污染主要来源于农业生产活动和工业废弃物。
Case study is performed on the arable land soil in the southeast of Huzhou in this paper,the spatial distribution characteristics of soil heavy metals are studied using the Geostatistical method,in which soil pollution conditions are evaluated using single pollution index,Nemerow complex pollution index,index of geoaccumulation and potential ecological risk index. The results show that the average content of Cd in this area is higher than that of national soil environmental standard( Ⅱ),and the contents of heavy metals( Cr、Ni、Cu、Zn、Cd、Pb、Hg) are higher than the background values. It is also found that the soil pollution degree of the research area is not high,Hg pollution degree appears to increase from the west area to the east area,and Cd pollution is concentrated in the southeast of Nanxun and the middle of Lianshi. The geoaccumulation indices of Hg and Cd are 0. 50 and 0. 11,respectively,which belonged to light-moderate pollution. The single pollution index of each heavy metal in soil is as follow: Cd( 1.47) >Hg( 0.69) >Ni( 0.66) >Zn( 0.41) >Cu( 0.31) >Cr( 0.27) >As( 0.25) >Pb( 0.11). The Nemerow complex pollution index suggests that the pollution condition of the arable soil is insignificant,only the soil in the middle of Nanxun,the south of Shanlian,and the junction area between Jiuguan and Shuanglin is lightly polluted.The potential pollution risk of Cd appears to be moderate and the comprehensive ecological pollution risk shows to be in a light level. The soil pollutions are supposed to be mainly from agricultural activities and industrial wastes.
Case study is performed on the arable land soil in the southeast of Huzhou in this paper,the spatial distribution characteristics of soil heavy metals are studied using the Geostatistical method,in which soil pollution conditions are evaluated using single pollution index,Nemerow complex pollution index,index of geoaccumulation and potential ecological risk index. The results show that the average content of Cd in this area is higher than that of national soil environmental standard( Ⅱ),and the contents of heavy metals( Cr、Ni、Cu、Zn、Cd、Pb、Hg) are higher than the background values. It is also found that the soil pollution degree of the research area is not high,Hg pollution degree appears to increase from the west area to the east area,and Cd pollution is concentrated in the southeast of Nanxun and the middle of Lianshi. The geoaccumulation indices of Hg and Cd are 0. 50 and 0. 11,respectively,which belonged to light-moderate pollution. The single pollution index of each heavy metal in soil is as follow: Cd( 1.47) >Hg( 0.69) >Ni( 0.66) >Zn( 0.41) >Cu( 0.31) >Cr( 0.27) >As( 0.25) >Pb( 0.11). The Nemerow complex pollution index suggests that the pollution condition of the arable soil is insignificant,only the soil in the middle of Nanxun,the south of Shanlian,and the junction area between Jiuguan and Shuanglin is lightly polluted.The potential pollution risk of Cd appears to be moderate and the comprehensive ecological pollution risk shows to be in a light level. The soil pollutions are supposed to be mainly from agricultural activities and industrial wastes.
引文
[1]王政权.地统计学及其在生态学中的应用[M].北京:科学出版社,1999:35-149.
[2]刘春早,黄益宗,雷鸣,等.湘江流域土壤重金属污染及生态环境风险评价[J].环境科学,2012,33(1):260-265.(LIU Chunzao,HUANG Yizong,LEI Ming,et al.Soil contamination assessment of heavy metals of Xiangjiang River Basin[J].Environmental Science,2012,33(1):260-265.(in Chinese))
[3]TANG Xianjin,SHEN Chaofeng,SHI Dezhi,et al.Heavy metal and persistent organic compound contamination insoil from Wenling:an emerging e-waste recycling city in Taizhou area,China[J].Journal of Hazardous Materials,2010,173(1/2/3):653-660.
[4]HU Youning,WANG Dexiang,WEI Lijing,et al.Bioaccumulation of heavy metals in plant leaves from Yan’an city of the loess plateau,China[J].Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety,2014,110:82-88.
[5]王爽,李荣华,张增强,等.陕西潼关农田土壤及重金属污染及潜在风险[J].中国环境科学,2014,34(9):2313-2320.(WANG Shuang,LI Ronghua,ZHANG Zengqiang,et al.Assessment of the heavy pollution and potential ecological hazardous in agricultural soils and crops of Tongguan,Shangxi Province[J].China Environmental Science,2014,34(9):2313-2320.(in Chinese))
[6]陈圆圆,孙小静,王军等.上海宝山区农业用地土壤重金属空间分异规律及分布特征研究[J].环境化学,2010,29(2):215-219.(CHEN Yuanyuan,SUN Xiaojing,WANG Jun,et al.Spatial variability and distribution of heavy metals in soil of Baoshan District[J].Environmental Chemistry,2010,29(2):215-219.(in Chinese))
[7]李小平,徐长林,刘献宇,等.宝鸡城市土壤重金属生物活性与环境风险[J].环境科学学报,2015,35(4):1241-1249.(LI Xiaoping,XU Changlin,LIU Xianyu,et al.Bioactivity and environment risk of heavy metals in urban soil from Baoji City,P.R.China[J]Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae,2015,35(4):1241-1249.(in Chinese))
[8]高翔云,汤志云,李建和,等.国内土壤环境污染现状与防治措施[J].江苏环境科技,2006,19(2):52-55.(GAO Xiangyun,TANG Zhiyun,LI Jianhe,et al.Current situation of soil environmental pollution and countermeasures of prevention and control in China[J].Jiangsu Environmental Science and Technology,2006,19(2):52-55.(in Chinese))
[9]施加春,刘杏梅,于春兰,等.浙北环太湖平原耕地土壤重金属的空间变异特征及其风险评价研究[J].土壤学报,2007,44(5):824-830.(SHI Jiachun,LIU Xinmei,YU Chunlan,et al.Spatial variability and risk evaluation of soil heavy meatals in Taihu Lake Region of North Zhejiang Province[J].Acta Pedologica Sinica,2007,44(5):824-830.(in Chinese))
[10]SUTER G W,EFROYMSON R A,SAMPLE B E,et al.Ecological risk assessment for contaminated sites[M].Washington:Leais Publishers,2000:20-35.
[11]许朝阳,柏庭春,孟涛,等.铁细菌A生物修复铅铜污染土壤[J].河海大学学报(自然科学版),2015,43(6):569-573.(XU Zhaoyang,BAI Tingchun,MENG Tao,et al.Bioremediation of soil contaminated by Pb2+or Cu2+using iron bacteria A[J].Journal of Hohai University(Natural Sciences),2015,43(6):569-573.(in Chinese))
[12]张光贵,黄博.湖南洞庭湖水系重金属健康风险评价[J].水资源保护,2014,30(1):14-17.(ZHANG Guanggui,HUANG Bo.Health risk assessment of heavy metals in Dongting Lake water system in Hunan Province,China[J].Water Resources Protection,2014,30(1):14-17.(in Chinese))
[13]林曼利,彭位华.宿州市农村地下水重金属含量与健康风险评价[J].水资源保护,2016,32(6):110-116.(LIN Manli,PENG Weihua.Concentrations and health risk assessment of heavy metals in groundwater in rural areas of Suzhou City[J].Water Resources Protection,2016,32(6):110-116.(in Chinese))
[14]郑军,张立,杨常青,等.跨国界流域重金属污染溯源体系框架初步构建[J].水资源保护,2015,31(6):57-61.(ZHENG Jun,ZHANG Li,YANG Changqing,et al.Initial framework construction of sources identification system of heavy metal pollution in trans-boundary river basin[J].Water Resources Protection,2015,31(6):57-61.(in Chinese))
[15]刘德鸿,王发园,周文利,等.洛阳市不同功能区道路灰尘重金属污染及潜在生态风险[J].环境科学,2012,33(1):253-259.(LIU Dehong,WANG Fayuan,ZHOU Wenli,et al.Heavy metal pollution in street dusts from different functional zones Luoyang City and its potential ecological risk[J].Environmental Science,2012,33(1):253-259.(in Chinese))
[16]吴新民,李恋卿,潘根兴,等.南京市不同功能城区土壤中重金属Cu、Zn、Pb和Cd的污染特征[J].环境科学,2013,34(4):1561-1567.(WU XInmin,LI Lianqing,PAN Genxing,et al.Soil pollution of Cu,Zn,Pb,and Cd in different city zones of Nanjing[J].Environmental Science,2013,34(4):1561-1567.(in Chinese))
[17]刘亚纳,朱书法,魏学锋,等.河南洛阳市不同功能区土壤重金属污染特征及评价[J].环境科学,2016,37(6):2322-2328.(LIU Yana,ZHU Shufa,WEI Xuefeng,et al.Assessment and pollution characteristics of heavy metals in soil of different function areas in Luoyang[J].Environmental Science,2016,37(6):2322-2328.(in Chinese))
[18]鲁如坤.土壤农业化学分析方法[M].北京:中国农业科技出版社,2000:4-12.
[19]中国地质调查局.多目标区域地球化学调查规范(1∶250000):DD 2005—2001[S].北京:中国地质调查局,2005.
[20]中国地质调查局.生态地球化学评价样品分析技术要求(试行):DD 2005—2003[S].北京:中国地质调查局,2005.
[21]MULLER G.Index of geoaccumulation in sediments of the Rhine River[J].Geojournal,1969,2(3):108-118.
[22]HOU Wenyi,HUANG Fengru,CHEN Jingsheng,et al.Comparative study of assessment method for river particulate heavy metal pollution[J].Scientia Geographica Sinica,1997,17(1):81-86.
[23]FORSTNER U.Lecture notes in earth science(contaminated sediments)[M].Berlin:Springer Verlag,1989.
[24]CHAI Shiwei,WEN Yanmao,ZHANG Yalei,et al.Application of index of geoaccumulation to pollution evaluation of heavy metal in soil[J].Journal of Tongji University(Natural Science),2006,34(12):1657-1661.
[25]郑国璋.农业土壤重金属污染研究的理论与实践[M].北京:中国环境科学出版社,2007:101-104.
[26]孙铁珩,周启星,李培军.污染生态学[M].北京:科学出版社,2000.
[27]国家环境保护总局.土壤环境质量标准:GB 1561—1995[S].北京:国家环境保护总局,1995.
[28]HAKANSON L.An ecological risk index for aquatic pollution control.a sedimentological approach[J].Water Research,1980,14(8):975-1001.
[29]陈春霄,姜霞,立春会,等.太湖表层沉积物中重金属形态分布及其潜在生态风险分析[J].中国环境科学,2011,31(11):1842-1848.(CHEN Chunxiao,JIANG Xia,LI Chunhui,et al.Speciation distribution and potential ecological risk assessment of heavy metals in sediments of Taihu Lake[J].China Environmental Science,2011,31(11):1842-1848.(in Chinese))
[30]陈静生,王忠,刘玉机.水体金属污染潜在危害:应用沉积学方法评价[J].环境科技,1989,9(1):16-25.(CHEN Jingsheng,WANG Zhong,LIU Yuji.Metal Pollution Water Potential Hazards:Sedimentology method is applied to evaluation[J].Environmental Science and Technology,1989,9(1):16-25.(in Chinese))
[31]李玉,俞志明,宋秀贤.运用主成分分析(PCA)评价海洋沉积物中重金属污染源[J].环境科学,2006,27(1):137-141.(LI Yu,YU Zhiming,SONG Xiuxian.Application of principal component analysis(PCA)for estimation of source of heavy metal contamination in marine sediments[J].Environmental Science,2006,27(1):137-141.(in Chinese))
[32]戴彬,吕建树,战金城,等.山东省典型工业城市土壤重金属来源、空间分布及潜在生态风险评价[J].环境科学,2015,36(2):507-515.(DAI Bin,LYU Jianshu,ZHAN Jincheng,et al.Assessment of source,spatial distribution and ecological risk of heavy metals in soils in a typical industry-based city of Shangdong Province[J].Environmental Science,2015,36(2):507-515.(in Chinese))
[33]孙花,谭长银,黄道友,等.土壤有机质对土壤重金属累积、有效性及形态的影响[J].湖南师范大学自然科学学报,2011,34(4):82-87.(SUN Hua,TAN Changyin,HUANG Daoyou,et al.Effects of soil organic matter on the accumulation,availability and chemical speciation of heavy metal[J].Journal of Natural Science of Human Normal University,2011,34(4):82-87.(in Chinese))
[34]陈凤,濮励杰.昆山市农业土壤基本性质与重金属含量及二者关系[J].土壤,2007,39(2):291-296.(CHEN Feng,PU LIjie.Relationship between heavy metals and basic properties of agricultural soils in Kunshan county[J].Soils,2007,39(2):291-296.(in Chinese))
[35]柴世伟,温琰茂,张云霓.广州郊区农业土壤重金属含量与土壤性质的关系[J].农业生态环境,2004,20(2):55-58.(CAI Shiwei,WEN Yanmao,ZHANG Yunxia,et al.Relationship between heavy metals and property of agricultural soil in Guangzhou suburb[J].Rural Eco-Environment,2004,20(2):55-58.(in Chinese))
[36]张一修,王济,秦樊鑫,等.贵阳市道路灰尘和土壤重金属来源识别比较.环境科学学报,2012,32(1):204-212.(ZHANG Yixiu,WANG Ji,QIN Fanxin,et al.Comparison of sources of metals in road-dust and soil in Guiyang[J].Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae,2012,32(1):204-212.(in Chinese))
[37]董岩翔,郑文,周建华,等.浙江省土壤地球化学背景值[M].北京:地质出版社,2007:129-152.
[38]杨景辉.土壤污染与防治[M].北京:科学出版社,1995:103-107.
[2]刘春早,黄益宗,雷鸣,等.湘江流域土壤重金属污染及生态环境风险评价[J].环境科学,2012,33(1):260-265.(LIU Chunzao,HUANG Yizong,LEI Ming,et al.Soil contamination assessment of heavy metals of Xiangjiang River Basin[J].Environmental Science,2012,33(1):260-265.(in Chinese))
[3]TANG Xianjin,SHEN Chaofeng,SHI Dezhi,et al.Heavy metal and persistent organic compound contamination insoil from Wenling:an emerging e-waste recycling city in Taizhou area,China[J].Journal of Hazardous Materials,2010,173(1/2/3):653-660.
[4]HU Youning,WANG Dexiang,WEI Lijing,et al.Bioaccumulation of heavy metals in plant leaves from Yan’an city of the loess plateau,China[J].Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety,2014,110:82-88.
[5]王爽,李荣华,张增强,等.陕西潼关农田土壤及重金属污染及潜在风险[J].中国环境科学,2014,34(9):2313-2320.(WANG Shuang,LI Ronghua,ZHANG Zengqiang,et al.Assessment of the heavy pollution and potential ecological hazardous in agricultural soils and crops of Tongguan,Shangxi Province[J].China Environmental Science,2014,34(9):2313-2320.(in Chinese))
[6]陈圆圆,孙小静,王军等.上海宝山区农业用地土壤重金属空间分异规律及分布特征研究[J].环境化学,2010,29(2):215-219.(CHEN Yuanyuan,SUN Xiaojing,WANG Jun,et al.Spatial variability and distribution of heavy metals in soil of Baoshan District[J].Environmental Chemistry,2010,29(2):215-219.(in Chinese))
[7]李小平,徐长林,刘献宇,等.宝鸡城市土壤重金属生物活性与环境风险[J].环境科学学报,2015,35(4):1241-1249.(LI Xiaoping,XU Changlin,LIU Xianyu,et al.Bioactivity and environment risk of heavy metals in urban soil from Baoji City,P.R.China[J]Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae,2015,35(4):1241-1249.(in Chinese))
[8]高翔云,汤志云,李建和,等.国内土壤环境污染现状与防治措施[J].江苏环境科技,2006,19(2):52-55.(GAO Xiangyun,TANG Zhiyun,LI Jianhe,et al.Current situation of soil environmental pollution and countermeasures of prevention and control in China[J].Jiangsu Environmental Science and Technology,2006,19(2):52-55.(in Chinese))
[9]施加春,刘杏梅,于春兰,等.浙北环太湖平原耕地土壤重金属的空间变异特征及其风险评价研究[J].土壤学报,2007,44(5):824-830.(SHI Jiachun,LIU Xinmei,YU Chunlan,et al.Spatial variability and risk evaluation of soil heavy meatals in Taihu Lake Region of North Zhejiang Province[J].Acta Pedologica Sinica,2007,44(5):824-830.(in Chinese))
[10]SUTER G W,EFROYMSON R A,SAMPLE B E,et al.Ecological risk assessment for contaminated sites[M].Washington:Leais Publishers,2000:20-35.
[11]许朝阳,柏庭春,孟涛,等.铁细菌A生物修复铅铜污染土壤[J].河海大学学报(自然科学版),2015,43(6):569-573.(XU Zhaoyang,BAI Tingchun,MENG Tao,et al.Bioremediation of soil contaminated by Pb2+or Cu2+using iron bacteria A[J].Journal of Hohai University(Natural Sciences),2015,43(6):569-573.(in Chinese))
[12]张光贵,黄博.湖南洞庭湖水系重金属健康风险评价[J].水资源保护,2014,30(1):14-17.(ZHANG Guanggui,HUANG Bo.Health risk assessment of heavy metals in Dongting Lake water system in Hunan Province,China[J].Water Resources Protection,2014,30(1):14-17.(in Chinese))
[13]林曼利,彭位华.宿州市农村地下水重金属含量与健康风险评价[J].水资源保护,2016,32(6):110-116.(LIN Manli,PENG Weihua.Concentrations and health risk assessment of heavy metals in groundwater in rural areas of Suzhou City[J].Water Resources Protection,2016,32(6):110-116.(in Chinese))
[14]郑军,张立,杨常青,等.跨国界流域重金属污染溯源体系框架初步构建[J].水资源保护,2015,31(6):57-61.(ZHENG Jun,ZHANG Li,YANG Changqing,et al.Initial framework construction of sources identification system of heavy metal pollution in trans-boundary river basin[J].Water Resources Protection,2015,31(6):57-61.(in Chinese))
[15]刘德鸿,王发园,周文利,等.洛阳市不同功能区道路灰尘重金属污染及潜在生态风险[J].环境科学,2012,33(1):253-259.(LIU Dehong,WANG Fayuan,ZHOU Wenli,et al.Heavy metal pollution in street dusts from different functional zones Luoyang City and its potential ecological risk[J].Environmental Science,2012,33(1):253-259.(in Chinese))
[16]吴新民,李恋卿,潘根兴,等.南京市不同功能城区土壤中重金属Cu、Zn、Pb和Cd的污染特征[J].环境科学,2013,34(4):1561-1567.(WU XInmin,LI Lianqing,PAN Genxing,et al.Soil pollution of Cu,Zn,Pb,and Cd in different city zones of Nanjing[J].Environmental Science,2013,34(4):1561-1567.(in Chinese))
[17]刘亚纳,朱书法,魏学锋,等.河南洛阳市不同功能区土壤重金属污染特征及评价[J].环境科学,2016,37(6):2322-2328.(LIU Yana,ZHU Shufa,WEI Xuefeng,et al.Assessment and pollution characteristics of heavy metals in soil of different function areas in Luoyang[J].Environmental Science,2016,37(6):2322-2328.(in Chinese))
[18]鲁如坤.土壤农业化学分析方法[M].北京:中国农业科技出版社,2000:4-12.
[19]中国地质调查局.多目标区域地球化学调查规范(1∶250000):DD 2005—2001[S].北京:中国地质调查局,2005.
[20]中国地质调查局.生态地球化学评价样品分析技术要求(试行):DD 2005—2003[S].北京:中国地质调查局,2005.
[21]MULLER G.Index of geoaccumulation in sediments of the Rhine River[J].Geojournal,1969,2(3):108-118.
[22]HOU Wenyi,HUANG Fengru,CHEN Jingsheng,et al.Comparative study of assessment method for river particulate heavy metal pollution[J].Scientia Geographica Sinica,1997,17(1):81-86.
[23]FORSTNER U.Lecture notes in earth science(contaminated sediments)[M].Berlin:Springer Verlag,1989.
[24]CHAI Shiwei,WEN Yanmao,ZHANG Yalei,et al.Application of index of geoaccumulation to pollution evaluation of heavy metal in soil[J].Journal of Tongji University(Natural Science),2006,34(12):1657-1661.
[25]郑国璋.农业土壤重金属污染研究的理论与实践[M].北京:中国环境科学出版社,2007:101-104.
[26]孙铁珩,周启星,李培军.污染生态学[M].北京:科学出版社,2000.
[27]国家环境保护总局.土壤环境质量标准:GB 1561—1995[S].北京:国家环境保护总局,1995.
[28]HAKANSON L.An ecological risk index for aquatic pollution control.a sedimentological approach[J].Water Research,1980,14(8):975-1001.
[29]陈春霄,姜霞,立春会,等.太湖表层沉积物中重金属形态分布及其潜在生态风险分析[J].中国环境科学,2011,31(11):1842-1848.(CHEN Chunxiao,JIANG Xia,LI Chunhui,et al.Speciation distribution and potential ecological risk assessment of heavy metals in sediments of Taihu Lake[J].China Environmental Science,2011,31(11):1842-1848.(in Chinese))
[30]陈静生,王忠,刘玉机.水体金属污染潜在危害:应用沉积学方法评价[J].环境科技,1989,9(1):16-25.(CHEN Jingsheng,WANG Zhong,LIU Yuji.Metal Pollution Water Potential Hazards:Sedimentology method is applied to evaluation[J].Environmental Science and Technology,1989,9(1):16-25.(in Chinese))
[31]李玉,俞志明,宋秀贤.运用主成分分析(PCA)评价海洋沉积物中重金属污染源[J].环境科学,2006,27(1):137-141.(LI Yu,YU Zhiming,SONG Xiuxian.Application of principal component analysis(PCA)for estimation of source of heavy metal contamination in marine sediments[J].Environmental Science,2006,27(1):137-141.(in Chinese))
[32]戴彬,吕建树,战金城,等.山东省典型工业城市土壤重金属来源、空间分布及潜在生态风险评价[J].环境科学,2015,36(2):507-515.(DAI Bin,LYU Jianshu,ZHAN Jincheng,et al.Assessment of source,spatial distribution and ecological risk of heavy metals in soils in a typical industry-based city of Shangdong Province[J].Environmental Science,2015,36(2):507-515.(in Chinese))
[33]孙花,谭长银,黄道友,等.土壤有机质对土壤重金属累积、有效性及形态的影响[J].湖南师范大学自然科学学报,2011,34(4):82-87.(SUN Hua,TAN Changyin,HUANG Daoyou,et al.Effects of soil organic matter on the accumulation,availability and chemical speciation of heavy metal[J].Journal of Natural Science of Human Normal University,2011,34(4):82-87.(in Chinese))
[34]陈凤,濮励杰.昆山市农业土壤基本性质与重金属含量及二者关系[J].土壤,2007,39(2):291-296.(CHEN Feng,PU LIjie.Relationship between heavy metals and basic properties of agricultural soils in Kunshan county[J].Soils,2007,39(2):291-296.(in Chinese))
[35]柴世伟,温琰茂,张云霓.广州郊区农业土壤重金属含量与土壤性质的关系[J].农业生态环境,2004,20(2):55-58.(CAI Shiwei,WEN Yanmao,ZHANG Yunxia,et al.Relationship between heavy metals and property of agricultural soil in Guangzhou suburb[J].Rural Eco-Environment,2004,20(2):55-58.(in Chinese))
[36]张一修,王济,秦樊鑫,等.贵阳市道路灰尘和土壤重金属来源识别比较.环境科学学报,2012,32(1):204-212.(ZHANG Yixiu,WANG Ji,QIN Fanxin,et al.Comparison of sources of metals in road-dust and soil in Guiyang[J].Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae,2012,32(1):204-212.(in Chinese))
[37]董岩翔,郑文,周建华,等.浙江省土壤地球化学背景值[M].北京:地质出版社,2007:129-152.
[38]杨景辉.土壤污染与防治[M].北京:科学出版社,1995:103-107.