隐喻建模的理想化表征及其逻辑特征
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摘要
理想化是科学合理性的关键因素,而基于理想化假设的隐喻建模在广义的方法论意义和逻辑学意义上体现了科学合理性。在方法论意义上,隐喻建模的理想化表征本质上是一种简单化的过程,在相似性的基础上建立起意向性的关系系统,体现了科学表征的普遍性特征。在逻辑学意义上,理想化的理论陈述应该被看作是一种特殊的反设事实条件句,而反设事实的理想化逻辑具有非经典性。
Idealization is one of the key factors of scientific rationality,and the metaphorical modeling based on the idealized hypothesises exactly reflects the scientific rationality respectively from the methodology and the logic. In the methodology,idealization in metaphorical modeling is essentially a process of simplification,which establishes the relational system of intentionality on the basis of the similarity,reflecting the common features in the scientific representation. In the logic,theoretical calims based on idealizaiton should be regarded as a special kind of counterfactuals,the logic of which is of nonclassicality.
Idealization is one of the key factors of scientific rationality,and the metaphorical modeling based on the idealized hypothesises exactly reflects the scientific rationality respectively from the methodology and the logic. In the methodology,idealization in metaphorical modeling is essentially a process of simplification,which establishes the relational system of intentionality on the basis of the similarity,reflecting the common features in the scientific representation. In the logic,theoretical calims based on idealizaiton should be regarded as a special kind of counterfactuals,the logic of which is of nonclassicality.
引文
[1]Nancy Cartwright.Nature’s Capacities and their Measurement[M].Oxford:Oxford University Press,1989.
[2]Ernan Mc Mullin.Galilean Idealization[J].Studies in the History and Philosophy of Science Part A,1985,16(3).
[3]Izabella Nowakowa and Leszek Nowak.Idealization X:The Richness of Idealization[M].Amster dam:Rodopi.,2000.
[4]Michael J.Shaffer.Counterfactuals and Scientific Realism[M].London:Palgrave Macmillan,2012.
[5]Ernest W.Adams.On the Rightness of Certain Counterfactuals[J].Pacific Philosophical Quarterly,1993,74(1).
[6]Chris Swoyer.Structural Representation and Surrogative Reasoning[J].Synthese,1991,87(3).
[7]Tore Langholm.How Different is Partial Logic[C]//P.Doherty(ed.)Partiality,Modality,and Nonmonotonicity.Stanford:CSLI Publications,1996.
[2]Ernan Mc Mullin.Galilean Idealization[J].Studies in the History and Philosophy of Science Part A,1985,16(3).
[3]Izabella Nowakowa and Leszek Nowak.Idealization X:The Richness of Idealization[M].Amster dam:Rodopi.,2000.
[4]Michael J.Shaffer.Counterfactuals and Scientific Realism[M].London:Palgrave Macmillan,2012.
[5]Ernest W.Adams.On the Rightness of Certain Counterfactuals[J].Pacific Philosophical Quarterly,1993,74(1).
[6]Chris Swoyer.Structural Representation and Surrogative Reasoning[J].Synthese,1991,87(3).
[7]Tore Langholm.How Different is Partial Logic[C]//P.Doherty(ed.)Partiality,Modality,and Nonmonotonicity.Stanford:CSLI Publications,1996.