AZ31B镁合金功率超声珩磨空化试验研究
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摘要
空化效应是功率超声珩磨中最常见的现象,为探究空化对被加工材料性能的影响,对表面抛光后的AZ31B镁合金进行超声振动空化实验,采用正交试验研究了超声振幅、与工件距离、超声时间对试件硬度和表面粗糙度的影响,并对试件进行金相组织分析。结果表明:空化可以造成材料表面形貌的改变,并对材料的硬度和表面质量产生变化。影响材料硬度的主要因素依次是超声时间、与工件距离、超声振幅,空化可以将工件硬度提升1. 5-3倍左右,最优参数组合为超声振幅75%、与工件距离1. 0mm、超声时间20min;粗糙度的主要影响因素是与工件距离、超声时间和超声振幅,在超声时间20min、与工件距离2mm、超声振幅50%条件下,试件表面粗糙度Rq值最小,表面质量最好。在硬度最高的试验组条件下,表面晶粒尺寸由15μm减小到2μm左右。因此,超声空化在一定的控制条件下,能明显改善工件的硬度和表面质量,工件硬度的改变与超声空化导致晶粒细化现象有关,试验分析结果对材料改性有现实借鉴意义。
The cavitation effect is the most common phenomenon in power ultrasonic honing. In order to investigate the effect of cavitation on the properties of the material being processed,Ultrasonic vibration cavitation experiments were carried out on the surface polished AZ31 B magnesium alloy. The ultrasonic amplitude and The influence of workpiece distance and ultrasonic time on the hardness and surface roughness of the test piece. The metallographic analysis of the test piece was then carried out. The results show that cavitation can cause changes in the surface topography of the material and change the hardness and surface quality of the material. The main factors affecting the hardness of the material are ultrasonic time,distance from the workpiece,ultrasonic amplitude,and cavitation can increase the hardness of the workpiece by 1. 5 times to 3 times. The optimal parameter set is 75% ultrasonic amplitude,1. 0mm distance from the workpiece,and ultrasonic time 20min; The main influencing factors of roughness are the distance from the workpiece,the ultrasonic time and the ultrasonic amplitude. Under the ultrasonic time of 20 min,the distance from the workpiece is 2 mm,and the ultrasonic amplitude is 50%,the surface roughness Rqof the test piece is the smallest and the surface quality is the best. Under the conditions of the highest hardness test group,the surface grain size decreased from 15μm to about 2μm. Therefore,ultrasonic cavitation can significantly improve the hardness and surface quality of the workpiece under certain control conditions. The change in hardness of the workpiece is related to the phenomenon of grain refinement caused by ultrasonic cavitation. The experimental analysis results have practical reference significance for the modification of materials.
The cavitation effect is the most common phenomenon in power ultrasonic honing. In order to investigate the effect of cavitation on the properties of the material being processed,Ultrasonic vibration cavitation experiments were carried out on the surface polished AZ31 B magnesium alloy. The ultrasonic amplitude and The influence of workpiece distance and ultrasonic time on the hardness and surface roughness of the test piece. The metallographic analysis of the test piece was then carried out. The results show that cavitation can cause changes in the surface topography of the material and change the hardness and surface quality of the material. The main factors affecting the hardness of the material are ultrasonic time,distance from the workpiece,ultrasonic amplitude,and cavitation can increase the hardness of the workpiece by 1. 5 times to 3 times. The optimal parameter set is 75% ultrasonic amplitude,1. 0mm distance from the workpiece,and ultrasonic time 20min; The main influencing factors of roughness are the distance from the workpiece,the ultrasonic time and the ultrasonic amplitude. Under the ultrasonic time of 20 min,the distance from the workpiece is 2 mm,and the ultrasonic amplitude is 50%,the surface roughness Rqof the test piece is the smallest and the surface quality is the best. Under the conditions of the highest hardness test group,the surface grain size decreased from 15μm to about 2μm. Therefore,ultrasonic cavitation can significantly improve the hardness and surface quality of the workpiece under certain control conditions. The change in hardness of the workpiece is related to the phenomenon of grain refinement caused by ultrasonic cavitation. The experimental analysis results have practical reference significance for the modification of materials.
引文
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[2]李报,陈思杰,赵丕峰.汽车轻量化先进焊接技术研究进展[J].热加工工艺,2018,47(3):13-17,22.
[3]付彭怀,彭立明,丁文江.汽车轻量化技术:铝/镁合金及其成型技术发展动态[J].中国工程科学,2018,20(1):84-90.
[4]林锐,刘朝辉,王飞,等.镁合金表面改性技术现状研究[J].表面技术,2016,45(4):124-131.
[5]Zhang X Q,Zhu X J,Geng H Z,et al.The single-abrasive coupled flutter model in power ultrasonic honing[J].Applied Mechanics and Materials,2015,775:19-22.
[6]祝锡晶,马恺,胡炜,等.超声珩磨工具头横向辐射声场的建模与仿真[J].陕西师范大学学报(自然科学版),2018,46(3):26-29,125.
[7]Brujan E A,Ikeda T,Matsumoto Y.On the pressure of cavitation bubbles[J].Experimental Thermal and Fluid Science,2008,32(5):1188-1191.
[8]Campos Cortez E,Pérez Gutiérrez F G,Oviedo-Tolentino F,et al.Numerical calculation of the shear stress generated by the flow field induced by an oscillating bubble between two solid boundaries[J].International Journal of Thermophysics,2012,33(10-11):2217-2221.
[9]Ma S Q,Xing J D,Fu H G,et al.Effect of erosion angle and Fe2B orientation on cavitation erosion and interfaces of Fe-Balloy in high-velocity flowing zinc[J].Wear,2018,412-413:60-68.
[10]Peters A,Lantermann U,Moctar O E.Numerical prediction of cavitation erosion on a ship propeller in model and fullscale[J].Wear,2018,408-409:1-12.
[11]Liu H X,Zhang T,Kang C.Evaluation of cavitation erosion resistance of copper alloy in different liquid media[J].Materials and Corrosion,2018,69(7).
[12]王星,张勇,张飞虎,等.纳米颗粒胶体动压空化射流抛光技术初探(英文)[J].纳米技术与精密工程,2011,9(6):483-487.
[13]Evangelista E,Gariboldi E,Lohne O,et al.High-temperature behaviour of as die-cast and heat treated Mg-Al-Si AS21X magnesium alloy[J].Materials Science&Engineering A,2004,387-389:41-45.
[14]吴书安,祝锡晶,王建青,等.超声空化泡溃灭冲击波作用固壁面的实验研究[J].科学技术与工程,2017,17(8):135-139.
[15]任红涛,许春香,贾振江,等.稀土Y对AZ31镁合金金相组织和力学性能的影响[J].铸造设备研究,2007(6):15-17,29.