基于GOCI数据的霾天气气溶胶辐射强迫的日内变化——以长江三角洲为例
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摘要
以长江三角洲(以下简称长三角)为研究区,基于2017年10～12月内共16d 94景的晴空静止卫星GOCI L1B图像和6S模型,采用深蓝算法反演长三角地区气溶胶光学厚度(AOD),并利用2个实测站数据进行验证.再通过反演得到的AOD结果进一步模拟计算该区域地表和大气层顶的气溶胶直接辐射效应(ADRE),并结合典型的雾霾天气进行分析.结果表明:利用GOCI数据反演的AOD具有较高拟合精度,北辰楼站点拟合相关性R~2为0.68,太湖站点为0.67.空间上,由于气溶胶存在制冷效应,AOD和地表面、大气层顶气溶胶直接辐射强度均呈现出显著的线性关系.时间上,由于气溶胶扩散和风向等因素,早上和下午辐射效应强度较高,中午较低.其中10:00和11:00影像可以较好地模拟日均ADRE的特征,利用ADRE日内变化成功捕捉到一次雾霾爆发并消失的现象,对气象部门监测近地表气温和分析灰霾的形成等具有重要意义.
Based on the Second Simulation of the Satellite Signal in the Solar Spectrum(6 S) model and the Geostationary Ocean Color Imager(GOCI) L1 B data of the clear-sky geostationary satellites with a total of 94 images observed in 16 days selected from October to December in 2017, the Aerosol Optical Depth(AOD) in the Yangtze River Delta was inversed with the deep blue algorithm, which was validated by in-suit observation data at two stations. The Aerosol Direct Radiation Effect(ADRE) on the surface and the top layer of the atmosphere were further calculated and analyzed under typical haze weather. The results showed that the AOD retrieved from GOCI data had high fitting precision. In addition, the fitting correlation R2 at Beichen building site and Taihu site were 0.68 and 0.67, respectively. Due to the refrigeration effect of aerosols, the AOD had a significant linear relationship with the direct radiant intensity of aerosols on the surface and at the top of the atmosphere spatially. Due to aerosol diffusion and wind direction, the intensity of radiation effects was high in the morning and afternoon and low at noon temporally. The images observed at 10:00 LT and 11:00 LT could better simulate the characteristics of the daily average ADRE. The process of an outburst and disappearance of the haze was successfully captured by using the ADRE diurnal variations, which was greatly significant to measure the near-surface temperature and analyze the formation of haze for the meteorological agency.
Based on the Second Simulation of the Satellite Signal in the Solar Spectrum(6 S) model and the Geostationary Ocean Color Imager(GOCI) L1 B data of the clear-sky geostationary satellites with a total of 94 images observed in 16 days selected from October to December in 2017, the Aerosol Optical Depth(AOD) in the Yangtze River Delta was inversed with the deep blue algorithm, which was validated by in-suit observation data at two stations. The Aerosol Direct Radiation Effect(ADRE) on the surface and the top layer of the atmosphere were further calculated and analyzed under typical haze weather. The results showed that the AOD retrieved from GOCI data had high fitting precision. In addition, the fitting correlation R2 at Beichen building site and Taihu site were 0.68 and 0.67, respectively. Due to the refrigeration effect of aerosols, the AOD had a significant linear relationship with the direct radiant intensity of aerosols on the surface and at the top of the atmosphere spatially. Due to aerosol diffusion and wind direction, the intensity of radiation effects was high in the morning and afternoon and low at noon temporally. The images observed at 10:00 LT and 11:00 LT could better simulate the characteristics of the daily average ADRE. The process of an outburst and disappearance of the haze was successfully captured by using the ADRE diurnal variations, which was greatly significant to measure the near-surface temperature and analyze the formation of haze for the meteorological agency.
引文
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[22]张悦,藩曙先,李皓,等.气溶胶辐射效应在华东地区一次雾霾过程中的作用[J].气象学报,2016,74(3):465-478.
[2]宋姚,麻金继.利用MODIS数据计算北京地区气溶胶直接辐射效应[J].大气与环境光学学报,2012,7(6):1673-6141.
[3]Arola A,Eck T F,Huttunen J,et al.Influence of observed diurnal cycles of aerosol optical depth on aerosol direct radiative effect[J].Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics,2013,13:7895-7901.
[4]Wang Z,Liu D,Wang Y,et al.Diurnal aerosol variations do affect daily averaged radiative forcing under heavy aerosol loading observed in Hefei,China[J].Atmospheric Measurement Techniques,2015,8:2901-2907.
[5]Kassianov E,Barnard J,Pekour M,et al.Do Diurnal aerosol changes affect daily average radiative forcing?[J].Geophysical Research Letters,2013,40:3265-3269.
[6]段婧,毛节泰.长江三角洲大气气溶胶光学厚度分布和变化趋势研究[J].环境科学学报,2007,27(40):537-543.
[7]翟华,朱彬,赵雪婷,等.长江三角洲初冬一次重污染天气成因分析[J].中国环境科学,2018,38(11):4001-4009.
[8]李冠男,王林,王祥,等.静止水色卫星GOCI及其应用进展[J].海洋环境科学,2014,33(6):966-971.
[9]王中挺,厉青,王桥,等.利用深蓝算法从HJ-1数据反演陆地气溶胶[J].遥感学报,2012,16(3):596-610.
[10]张璐.基于国产遥感卫星数据的北京市气溶胶光学厚度反演研究[D].上海:华东师范大学,2016.
[11]张志薇,王宏斌,张镭,等.中国地区3个AERONET站点气溶胶直接辐射强迫分析[J].中国科学院大学学报,2014,31(3):297-305.
[12]李礼,余家燕,杨灿,等.CE-318太阳光度计在大气环境监测中的应用[J].环境科学与管理,2012,37(2):107-110.
[13]周杰,陈健,张海龙,等.基于MODIS数据的长三角地区气溶胶直接辐射效应研究[J].生态与农村环境学报,2018,34(1):54-63.
[14]Kaufman Y J,Tanri D,Remer L A,et al.Operational remote sensing of tropospheric aerosol over land from EOS moderate resolution imaging spectroradiometer[J].Journal of Geophysical Research,1997,102(14):17051-17067.
[15]王文君.基于卫星和地面观测的长三角地区气溶胶直接辐射效应研究[D].南京:南京信息工程大学,2016.
[16]程晨.基于HJ-1卫星的南京气溶胶光学厚度反演和时空变化分析[D].南京:南京信息工程大学,2013.
[17]Zhuang B L,Wang T J,Li S et al.Optical properties and radiative forcing of urban aerosols in Nanjing,China[J].Atmospheric Environment,2014,83:43-52.
[18]Li Z Q,Lee K H,Wang Y S,et al.First observation-based estimates of cloud-free aerosol radiative forcing across China[J].Journal of Geophysical Research-Atmospheres,2010,115(7):1029-1037.
[19]Gong C S,Xin J Y,Wang S G,et al.Anthropogenic aerosol optical and radiative properties in the typical urban/suburban regions in China[J].Atmospheric Research,2017,197:177-187.
[20]Chen J,Zhou J,Wang W J,et al.Satellite observations of the aerosol direct radiative effect during a pollution episode in Nanjing,China,using high-resolution HJ-1CCD imagery[J].International Journal of Remote Sensing,2017,38(16):4535-4552.
[21]刘建军.长三角太湖地区云和气溶胶辐射特性的地基遥感研究[D].南京:南京信息工程大学,2012.
[22]张悦,藩曙先,李皓,等.气溶胶辐射效应在华东地区一次雾霾过程中的作用[J].气象学报,2016,74(3):465-478.