上海城市咖啡馆的空间布局特征和影响因素研究
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摘要
在我国经济增长方式转变和城市高速发展的背景下,新型消费空间对城市的影响作用正日益凸显。咖啡馆作为城市目前兴起的新型消费空间,逐渐受到学界和业界的重视。运用平均最近邻距离、核密度估计和地理探测器等方法对上海城市咖啡馆空间布局特征和影响因素进行分析,研究发现:(1)上海咖啡馆总体空间分布的集聚特征明显,呈现"一主多次"的空间格局,中心城区是其核心集聚区;(2)不同类型的咖啡馆其空间分布特征不同,连锁咖啡馆相较于独立咖啡馆集聚程度更高,中心依赖性更强,数量等级高的咖啡馆主要集中在商务中心,其中星巴克集中度最高,数量规模最大;(3)消费需求、交通区位条件和土地价格对咖啡馆空间布局影响较大,其中连锁咖啡馆对交通通达性、消费需求的要求更高,而独立咖啡馆更注重创新环境。
Under the background of the transformation of China's economic growth mode and the rapid development of the city, the influence of new consumption space on the city is increasingly prominent. As a new type of consumer space that the city is currently emerging, cafes are gradually receiving attention from academics and industry. Taking Shanghai as a case, this paper analyzes the characteristics of layout and class differences of city cafes, a total of 5946 cafes were crawled in the city and summarize its spatial differentiation model and influenced factors. The results are shown as follows: 1) Agglomeration is dominant characteristic in the distribution of city cafes in Shanghai, which exist one primary center and five secondary centers; The primary center locates in the central urban area. 2) Different types, different scales, and different ownership can lead to different locational decisions. The agglomeration of chain coffee shops is more obvious than independent cafes. Starbucks are the most agglomerated cafes. 3) Market demands, transportation location conditions and land prices have a greater impact on the spatial layout of cafes. Compared with independent cafes, market demands and accessibility have a significant effect on chain coffee shops. The study aims to provide a scientific basis for effectively guiding the spatial layout of the same type of consumer space.
Under the background of the transformation of China's economic growth mode and the rapid development of the city, the influence of new consumption space on the city is increasingly prominent. As a new type of consumer space that the city is currently emerging, cafes are gradually receiving attention from academics and industry. Taking Shanghai as a case, this paper analyzes the characteristics of layout and class differences of city cafes, a total of 5946 cafes were crawled in the city and summarize its spatial differentiation model and influenced factors. The results are shown as follows: 1) Agglomeration is dominant characteristic in the distribution of city cafes in Shanghai, which exist one primary center and five secondary centers; The primary center locates in the central urban area. 2) Different types, different scales, and different ownership can lead to different locational decisions. The agglomeration of chain coffee shops is more obvious than independent cafes. Starbucks are the most agglomerated cafes. 3) Market demands, transportation location conditions and land prices have a greater impact on the spatial layout of cafes. Compared with independent cafes, market demands and accessibility have a significant effect on chain coffee shops. The study aims to provide a scientific basis for effectively guiding the spatial layout of the same type of consumer space.
引文
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[27]田光进,沙默泉.基于点状数据与GIS的广州大都市区产业空间格局[J].地理科学进展,2010,29(4):387-395.
[28]王洋,杨忍,李强,等.广州市银行业的空间布局特征与模式[J].地理科学,2016(5):742-750.
[29]杨昕,汤国安.ArcGIS地理信息系统空间分析实验教程[M].北京:科学出版社,2012.
[30]吴康敏.张虹鸥,王洋,等.广州市多类型商业中心识别与空间模式[J].地理科学进展,2016,35(8):963-974.
[31]王劲峰.徐成东.地理探测器:原理与展望[J].地理学报,2017(1):116-134.
[32]施力文.Miniboss猫主题咖啡馆市场竞争策略研究[D].天津:天津大学.2016.
[33]林耿.李锐文.宋佩瑾,杨帆.商品链视角下的消费与空间:经济与文化的对话[J].现代城市研究,2018(9):2-10.
[34]武前波,黄杉,崔万珍.零售业态演变视角下的城市消费空间发展趋势[J].现代城市研究,2013(5):114-120.
[2]胡小武.城市张力:咖啡馆与生活方式的转型[M].南京:东南大学出版社,2011.
[3]Bookman S. Branded cosmopolitanisms:'Global'coffee brands and the co-creation of'cosmopolitan cool'[J]. Cultural Sociology, 2012, 7(1):56-72.
[4]苏玲玲.消费文化下城市慢生活场所的空间结构研究[D].西安:西安外国语大学,2017.
[5]Ferreira J. Cafénation? Exploring the growth of the UK caféindustry[J]. Area,2017, 49(1):69-76.
[6]廖开怀.李立勋.张虹鸥.全球化背景下广州城市文化消费空间重构:以星巴克为例[J].热带地理.2012(2):160-166.
[7]Bookman S. Coffee brands, class and culture in a Canadian city[J]. European Journal of Cultural Studies, 2013,16(4):405-423.
[8]Roseberry W. The rise of yuppie coffees and the reimagination of class in the United States[J]. American Anthropologist,1996. 98(4):762-775.
[9]Bookman S. Brands and urban life[J].Space and Culture, 2013, 17(1):85-99.
[10]胡星灿.审美·家国·想象:由沪上咖啡馆到知识分子的“恋地情结”[J].西南交通大学学报(社会科学版).2016(5):49-54.
[11]Manzo J."The-Wave"coffeehouses as venues for sociality:On encounters between employees and customers[J]. The Qualitative Report. 2015. 20(6):756-761.
[12]申峻霞.张敏,甄峰.符号化的空间与空间的符号化:网络实体消费空间的建构与扩散[J].人文地理,2012(1):29-33.
[13]梁璐.李九全.胡文婷,等.新文化地理学视野下的消费空间研究进展[J].人文地理.2017(1):55-61.
[14]黄惠谊.解读星巴克消费现象[J].城市观察,2010(1):180-187.
[15]周一星,宁越敏,许学强.城市地理学[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2013.
[16]苏玲玲.休闲时代背景下城市咖啡馆文化的空间解读:以西安市为例[J].特区经济,2016(4):116-118.
[17]陈文文.1920-1940年代上海咖啡馆研究[D].上海:上海师范大学.2010.
[18]俞晨曦.冯健.北京市“吧式”休闲场所空间分布研究[J].城市发展研究.2009(6):77-82.
[19]蔡铭.宁波市“吧式”休闲场所空间结构研究[D].宁波:宁波大学,2011.
[20]Ardekani R S. The spatiality of specialty coffee bars and the cognitivecultural economy in Amsterdam[J]. CogentSocial Sciences, 2016, 2(UNSP 1144232).
[21 Florida R. The Rise of the Creative Class[M]. New York:Basic Books, 2002.
[22]Gavin D. Starbucks exceptionalism:An institutional ethnographic exploration of coffee culture in America[J]. Journal of Psychological Issues in Organizational Culture. 2013, 4(3):44-58.
[23]曾国军,陆汝瑞.星巴克在中国大陆的空间扩散特征与影响因素研究[J].地理研究,2017(1):188-202.
[24]李燕研.上海衡山路休闲空间分布影响因素研究[J].旅游纵览(下半月).2017(1):140-143.
[25]孙宗耀,翟秀娟,孙希华.等.基于POI数据的生活设施空间分布及配套情况研究:以济南市内五区为例[J].地理信息世界,2017(1):65-70.
[26]杨帆.徐建刚.周亮.基于DBSCAN空间聚类的广州市区餐饮集群识别及空间特征分析[J].经济地理,2016(10):110-116.
[27]田光进,沙默泉.基于点状数据与GIS的广州大都市区产业空间格局[J].地理科学进展,2010,29(4):387-395.
[28]王洋,杨忍,李强,等.广州市银行业的空间布局特征与模式[J].地理科学,2016(5):742-750.
[29]杨昕,汤国安.ArcGIS地理信息系统空间分析实验教程[M].北京:科学出版社,2012.
[30]吴康敏.张虹鸥,王洋,等.广州市多类型商业中心识别与空间模式[J].地理科学进展,2016,35(8):963-974.
[31]王劲峰.徐成东.地理探测器:原理与展望[J].地理学报,2017(1):116-134.
[32]施力文.Miniboss猫主题咖啡馆市场竞争策略研究[D].天津:天津大学.2016.
[33]林耿.李锐文.宋佩瑾,杨帆.商品链视角下的消费与空间:经济与文化的对话[J].现代城市研究,2018(9):2-10.
[34]武前波,黄杉,崔万珍.零售业态演变视角下的城市消费空间发展趋势[J].现代城市研究,2013(5):114-120.