2015年中国十五省(自治区、直辖市)老年居民坚果摄入状况
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摘要
目的 了解中国十五省(自治区、直辖市)60岁及以上居民坚果摄入现状。方法 利用2015年"中国居民营养状况变迁的队列研究"资料,采用多阶段分层整群随机抽样法选取15个省(自治区、直辖市)5071名60岁及以上居民作为研究对象,利用连续3天24小时膳食回顾法收集坚果消费数据。分析摄入状况并与《中国居民膳食指南(2016)》推荐摄入量比较。应用Logistic回归模型对坚果消费的影响因素进行分析。结果 中国十五省(自治区、直辖市)60岁及以上居民坚果消费902人(17.8%),全人群消费量第90百分位数(P90)为13.6 g/d。消费人群消费量的中位数(P50)为16.7 g/d,达到并超过推荐摄入量的人群比例为81.1%。Logistic分析结果显示,低年龄组、高学历和城市地区坚果消费的可能性更大。结论 中国老年居民坚果的消费率低且消费量不足。年龄、教育程度和地区是老年居民是否食用坚果的影响因素。
OBJECTIVE To examine nuts consumption in a sample of Chinese elderly residents. METHODS Samples from 2015 China Nutritional Transition Cohort Study were used. A total of 5071 participants aged 60 years old and above were included in the final analysis. Three consecutive 24 h recalls were used to collect dietary consumption data. Average daily nuts intake was calculated. Then compared with recommended intake level of Dietary Guidelines for Chinese Residents(2016). Logistic regression was applied to analyze key factors affecting the consumption of nuts intake. RESULTS The overall prevalence of nuts consumption among elderly residents in 15 provinces was 17.8%. The P90 nuts intake was 13.6 g/d in the whole population and 16.7 g/d in P50 in the consuming group. There were 81.1% of the whole population achieved the recommendation of dietary guidelines. The Logistic analysis showed that the group of young age, high education level and urban residents had more nuts consumed. CONCLUSION Nuts consumption rate was low among Chinese elderly residents. The intake was insufficient in the whole. Age, education level and area were key factors that influenced nuts consumption of the elderly.
OBJECTIVE To examine nuts consumption in a sample of Chinese elderly residents. METHODS Samples from 2015 China Nutritional Transition Cohort Study were used. A total of 5071 participants aged 60 years old and above were included in the final analysis. Three consecutive 24 h recalls were used to collect dietary consumption data. Average daily nuts intake was calculated. Then compared with recommended intake level of Dietary Guidelines for Chinese Residents(2016). Logistic regression was applied to analyze key factors affecting the consumption of nuts intake. RESULTS The overall prevalence of nuts consumption among elderly residents in 15 provinces was 17.8%. The P90 nuts intake was 13.6 g/d in the whole population and 16.7 g/d in P50 in the consuming group. There were 81.1% of the whole population achieved the recommendation of dietary guidelines. The Logistic analysis showed that the group of young age, high education level and urban residents had more nuts consumed. CONCLUSION Nuts consumption rate was low among Chinese elderly residents. The intake was insufficient in the whole. Age, education level and area were key factors that influenced nuts consumption of the elderly.
引文
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[14] ZHANG B,ZHAI F Y,DU S,et al.The China health and nutrition survey,1989-2011[J].Obes Rev,2014,15(Suppl 1):2-7.
[15] BES R,SABATE J,GOMEZ G,et al.Nut consumption and weight gain in a Mediterranean cohort:the SUN study[J].Obesity,2007,15(1):107-116.
[16] ZAZPE I,SANCHEZ T,ESTRUCH R,et al.A large randomized individual and group intervention conducted by registered dietitians increased adherence to Mediterranean-type diets:the PREDIMED study[J].J Am Diet Assoc,2008,108(7):1134-1144.
[17] GROSSO G,PAJAK A,MARVENTANO S,et al.Role of omega-3 fatty acids in the treatment of depressive disorders:a comprehensive meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials[J].PLoS One,2014,9(5):e96905.
[18] ALASALVAR C,BOLLING B W.Review of nut phytochemicals,fat-soluble bioactives,antioxidant components and health effects[J].Br J Nutr,2015,113(Suppl 2):S68-S78.
[19] 曾果.公共营养学[M].北京:科学出版社,2018:38.
[2] MA L,WANG F,GUO W,et al.Nut consumption and the risk of coronary artery disease:a dose-response meta-analysis of 13 prospective studies[J].Thromb Res,2014,134(4):790-794.
[3] ZHOU D,YU H,HE F,et al.Nut consumption in relation to cardiovascular disease risk and type 2 diabetes:a systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective studies[J].Am J Clin Nutr,2014,100(1):270-277.
[4] LUO C,ZHANG Y,DING Y,et al.Nut consumption and risk of type 2 diabetes,cardiovascular disease,and all-cause mortality:a systematic review and meta-analysis[J].Am J Clin Nutr,2014,100(1):256-269.
[5] JENAB M,FERRARI P,SLIMANI N,et al.Association of nut and seed intake with colorectal cancer risk in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition[J].Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev,2004,13(10):1595-1603.
[6] YEH C,YOU S,CHEN C,et al.Peanut consumption and reduced risk of colorectal cancer in women:a prospective study in Taiwan[J].World J Gastroenterol,2006,12(2):222-227.
[7] DEL G,FALK M,FELDMAN R,et al.Effects of tree nuts on blood lipids,apolipoproteins,and blood pressure:systematic review,meta-analysis,and dose-response of 61 controlled intervention trials[J].Am J Clin Nutr,2015,102(6):1347-1356.
[8] 中国营养学会.中国居民膳食指南(2016)[M].北京:人民卫生出版社,2016:64-253.
[9] 琚腊红,于冬梅,许晓丽,等.中国居民2010-2012年坚果摄入状况及不同年份变化趋势[J].中国公共卫生,2017,33 (6):916-918.
[10] GROSSO G,ESTRUCH R.Nut consumption and age-related disease[J].Maturitas,2016,84:11-16.
[11] GARDENER S,GU Y,RAINEY-SMITH S R,et al.Adherence to a Mediterranean diet and Alzheimer’s disease risk in an Australian population[J].Transl Psychiatry,2012,2:e164.
[12] VALLS-PEDRET C,SALA-VILA A,SERRA-MIR M,et al.Mediterranean diet and age-related cognitive decline:a randomized clinical trial[J].JAMA Int Med,2015,175(7):1094-1103.
[13] POPKIN B M,D S,ZHAI F Y,et al.Cohort profile:the china health and nutrition survey:monitoring and understanding socio-economic and health change in China,1989-2011[J].Int J Epidemiol,2010,39:1435-1440.
[14] ZHANG B,ZHAI F Y,DU S,et al.The China health and nutrition survey,1989-2011[J].Obes Rev,2014,15(Suppl 1):2-7.
[15] BES R,SABATE J,GOMEZ G,et al.Nut consumption and weight gain in a Mediterranean cohort:the SUN study[J].Obesity,2007,15(1):107-116.
[16] ZAZPE I,SANCHEZ T,ESTRUCH R,et al.A large randomized individual and group intervention conducted by registered dietitians increased adherence to Mediterranean-type diets:the PREDIMED study[J].J Am Diet Assoc,2008,108(7):1134-1144.
[17] GROSSO G,PAJAK A,MARVENTANO S,et al.Role of omega-3 fatty acids in the treatment of depressive disorders:a comprehensive meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials[J].PLoS One,2014,9(5):e96905.
[18] ALASALVAR C,BOLLING B W.Review of nut phytochemicals,fat-soluble bioactives,antioxidant components and health effects[J].Br J Nutr,2015,113(Suppl 2):S68-S78.
[19] 曾果.公共营养学[M].北京:科学出版社,2018:38.