湖南省5种潴育水稻土对砷的吸附特征
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摘要
采用振荡平衡法,通过等温吸附试验,研究了湖南5种潴育水稻土(黄泥田、河沙泥、麻沙泥、紫泥田和红黄泥)水耕表层(A,0～25 cm)和水耕氧化还原层(B,>25～50 cm)土壤对砷的吸附特性及其影响因素。结果表明:Langmuir、Freundlich及Temkin方程均能很好地拟合供试土壤对砷的等温吸附数据;比较Langmuir方程拟合得出的土壤对砷的最大吸附量(Xm)的平均值及其变异系数,B层土壤的Xm和对砷的最大缓冲容量(MBC)分别是A层土壤的1.2倍和6.3倍,B层的变异系数大于A层的;黄泥田对砷的吸附和缓冲能力最强,麻沙泥和红黄泥的较弱;在土壤pH4.97～6.68时,Xm与土壤全铁、游离氧化铁含量呈极显著正相关,MBC则与土壤有机质含量呈显著负相关;土壤对砷吸附的86%的变异可以用全铁含量解释。5种母质潴育水稻土对砷的吸附和缓冲能力有较大差异,土壤全铁和有机质含量分别是影响土壤对砷的最大吸附量和最大缓冲容量的主要土壤因子。
In order to characterize the adsorption behavior of arsenic(As~(5+)) on hydromorphic paddy soil derived from 5 mother materials(yellow clayey soil, alluvial sandy soil, granitic sandy soil, purple clayey soil, reddish yellow clayey soil),adsorption isotherm experiment was conducted with soil sampled from leached layer(horizon A, 0-25 cm) and illuvial layer(horizon B, >25-50 cm) of these paddy soil. The results indicated that the adsorption of As~(5+)could perfectly fitted by Langmuir, Freundlich and Temkin adsorption isotherm. Compared the maximum adsorption As(Xm) and the max buffering capacity(MBC) obtained from the Langmuir equation, it showed that the Xm of horizon B was 1.2 times of horizon A, and the MBC of horizon B was 6.3 times of horizon A, and the variation coefficient of horizon B was bigger than horizon A. The yellow clayey soil had the biggest Xm and MBC, followed by alluvial sandy soil, then reddish yellow clayey soil and granitic sandy soil. When the soil pH were 4.97 to 6.68, the Xm were significantly correlated with the contents of Fe and free iron oxide, and there was a significant negative correlation between MBC and the contents of soil organic matter in soil. Nearly 86% of the variability in arsenate adsorption on the soil could be described by total Fe contents in soil. There was a great difference in arsenate adsorption capacity and buffering capacity of 5 hydromorphic paddy soils. The total iron and organic matter content of the soil were the main soil factors affecting the maximum adsorption capacity and maximum buffer capacity of soil, respectively.
In order to characterize the adsorption behavior of arsenic(As~(5+)) on hydromorphic paddy soil derived from 5 mother materials(yellow clayey soil, alluvial sandy soil, granitic sandy soil, purple clayey soil, reddish yellow clayey soil),adsorption isotherm experiment was conducted with soil sampled from leached layer(horizon A, 0-25 cm) and illuvial layer(horizon B, >25-50 cm) of these paddy soil. The results indicated that the adsorption of As~(5+)could perfectly fitted by Langmuir, Freundlich and Temkin adsorption isotherm. Compared the maximum adsorption As(Xm) and the max buffering capacity(MBC) obtained from the Langmuir equation, it showed that the Xm of horizon B was 1.2 times of horizon A, and the MBC of horizon B was 6.3 times of horizon A, and the variation coefficient of horizon B was bigger than horizon A. The yellow clayey soil had the biggest Xm and MBC, followed by alluvial sandy soil, then reddish yellow clayey soil and granitic sandy soil. When the soil pH were 4.97 to 6.68, the Xm were significantly correlated with the contents of Fe and free iron oxide, and there was a significant negative correlation between MBC and the contents of soil organic matter in soil. Nearly 86% of the variability in arsenate adsorption on the soil could be described by total Fe contents in soil. There was a great difference in arsenate adsorption capacity and buffering capacity of 5 hydromorphic paddy soils. The total iron and organic matter content of the soil were the main soil factors affecting the maximum adsorption capacity and maximum buffer capacity of soil, respectively.
引文
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[10]彭涛,张亮,盛浩,等.湘东第四纪红土发育水稻土在中国土壤系统分类中的归属[J].江苏农业科学,2018,46(20):316-320.
[11]张甘霖,龚子同.土壤调查实验室分析方法[M].北京:科学出版社,2012.
[12]JIANG W,ZHANG S Z,SHAN X Q,et al.Adsorption of arsenate on soils[J].Environmental Pollution,2005,138(2):278-289.
[13]王永,徐仁扣,王火焰.可变电荷土壤对As(Ⅲ)和As(Ⅴ)的吸附及二者的竞争作用[J].土壤学报,2008,45(4):622-627.
[14]王小玲,马杰,顾明华,等.砷和磷在不同污染类型土壤中的竞争吸附动力学[J].生态环境学报,2015,24(4):694-699.
[15]韦东甫,华珞,白玲玉,等.土壤对砷的缓冲性与砷的生物效应及形态分布[J].土壤,1996,28(2):94-97.
[16]吴萍萍,曾希柏,李莲芳,等.离子强度和磷酸盐对铁铝矿物及土壤吸附As(V)的影响[J].农业环境科学学报,2012,31(3):498-503.
[17]AHMED Z U,PANAULLAH G M,DEGLORIA S D,et al.Factors affecting paddy soil arsenic concentration in Bangladesh:prediction and uncertainty of geostatistical risk mapping[J].Science of the Total Environment,2011,412/413:324-335.
[18]罗磊,张淑贞,马义兵.土壤中砷吸附机理及其影响因素研究进展[J].土壤,2008,40(3):351-359.
[19]贾永锋,郭华明.高砷地下水研究的热点及发展趋势[J].地球科学进展,2013,28(1):51-61.
[20]武斌,廖晓勇,陈同斌,等.石灰性土壤中砷形态分级方法的比较及其最佳方案[J].环境科学学报,2006,26(9):1467-1473.
[21]周伟军,王翠红,石敏,等.不同母质发育土壤添加砷对水稻生长发育的影响[J].湖南农业大学学报(自然科学版),2018,44(4):401-405,417.
[22]YU H Y,WANG X Q,LI F B,et al.Arsenic mobility and bioavailability in paddy soil under iron compound amendments at different growth stages of rice[J].Environmental Pollution,2017,224:136-147.
[2]刘文菊,赵方杰.植物砷吸收与代谢的研究进展[J].环境化学,2011,30(1):56-62.
[3]沈孝辉,李仁英,徐向华,等.土壤-水稻系统砷迁移累积的影响因素及调控措施[J].土壤通报,2014,45(5):1273-1280.
[4]赵小燕,吕家珑,代允超,等.我国主要农田土壤对外源As(Ⅴ)吸附的差异及其与理化性质的关系[J].西北农林科技大学学报(自然科学版),2014,42(9):144-148.
[5]姜强,夏建国,杨奕,等.名山河流域水稻土微团聚体对砷(As5+)的吸附-解吸特性[J].水土保持学报,2014,28(6):148-154.
[6]魏显有,王秀敏,刘云惠,等.土壤中砷的吸附行为及其形态分布研究[J].河北农业大学学报,1999,22(3):28-30,55.
[7]DU J J,JING C Y,DUAN J M,et al.Removal of arsenate with hydrous ferric oxide coprecipitation:effect of humic acid[J].Journal of Environmental Sciences,2014,26(2):240-247.
[8]李士杏,骆永明,章海波,等.不同性质铁铝土对砷酸根吸附特性的比较研究[J].土壤学报,2012,49(3):474-480.
[9]湖南省农业厅.湖南土壤[M].北京:农业出版社,1989.
[10]彭涛,张亮,盛浩,等.湘东第四纪红土发育水稻土在中国土壤系统分类中的归属[J].江苏农业科学,2018,46(20):316-320.
[11]张甘霖,龚子同.土壤调查实验室分析方法[M].北京:科学出版社,2012.
[12]JIANG W,ZHANG S Z,SHAN X Q,et al.Adsorption of arsenate on soils[J].Environmental Pollution,2005,138(2):278-289.
[13]王永,徐仁扣,王火焰.可变电荷土壤对As(Ⅲ)和As(Ⅴ)的吸附及二者的竞争作用[J].土壤学报,2008,45(4):622-627.
[14]王小玲,马杰,顾明华,等.砷和磷在不同污染类型土壤中的竞争吸附动力学[J].生态环境学报,2015,24(4):694-699.
[15]韦东甫,华珞,白玲玉,等.土壤对砷的缓冲性与砷的生物效应及形态分布[J].土壤,1996,28(2):94-97.
[16]吴萍萍,曾希柏,李莲芳,等.离子强度和磷酸盐对铁铝矿物及土壤吸附As(V)的影响[J].农业环境科学学报,2012,31(3):498-503.
[17]AHMED Z U,PANAULLAH G M,DEGLORIA S D,et al.Factors affecting paddy soil arsenic concentration in Bangladesh:prediction and uncertainty of geostatistical risk mapping[J].Science of the Total Environment,2011,412/413:324-335.
[18]罗磊,张淑贞,马义兵.土壤中砷吸附机理及其影响因素研究进展[J].土壤,2008,40(3):351-359.
[19]贾永锋,郭华明.高砷地下水研究的热点及发展趋势[J].地球科学进展,2013,28(1):51-61.
[20]武斌,廖晓勇,陈同斌,等.石灰性土壤中砷形态分级方法的比较及其最佳方案[J].环境科学学报,2006,26(9):1467-1473.
[21]周伟军,王翠红,石敏,等.不同母质发育土壤添加砷对水稻生长发育的影响[J].湖南农业大学学报(自然科学版),2018,44(4):401-405,417.
[22]YU H Y,WANG X Q,LI F B,et al.Arsenic mobility and bioavailability in paddy soil under iron compound amendments at different growth stages of rice[J].Environmental Pollution,2017,224:136-147.
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