渤海海域渤中34-9油田火山岩特征及其对油气成藏的控制作用
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摘要
渤中34-9油田作为近年来渤海海域发现的最大的新生界火山岩下油田,油田区火山活动活跃,对油气成藏控制作用明显。根据钻井、岩心、地震等资料,通过矿物含量分析、方差切片和薄片观察等手段对火山岩的岩性特征与分布、火山活动方式与期次及对油气成藏的控制作用等方面进行了研究。研究表明:渤中34-9油田区火山岩属早喜山构造期中基性火山岩类,火山活动与断裂活动密切相关,主要存在中心式和裂隙式2种喷发模式,其中油田北区以中心式喷发为主,油田南区以裂隙式喷发为主。火山活动对油气成藏要素具有明显的改造或控制作用:①火山活动形成的坡隆古地貌为油气成藏提供了良好的运聚背景;②岩浆活动对周围地层和断裂的改造,形成了丰富的构造圈闭类型;③早期岩浆热液形成碱性环境,晚期生-排烃产生的有机酸流体形成酸性环境,早碱晚酸的成岩环境利于早期原生孔隙的保存和晚期次生孔隙的发育,为深部优质储层发育提供了有利条件;④东一、二段广泛发育的溢流相玄武岩为深部油气富集成藏提供了优越的盖层条件。渤中34-9油田具有岩浆喷发和断裂活动联合控制油气平面分布及富集层系的成藏特征,其成功发现对渤海海域新生界火山岩领域的油气勘探实践具有重要参考价值。
Bozhong 34-9 Oilfield is the largest Cenozoic volcanic oilfield in the Bohai Sea, where vocanic rocks are extensively developed and play an important role in hydrocarbon accumulation. Based on the drilling, core, seismic data, lithology characteristics and distribution, this paper studies the activity and duration and control of hydrocarbon accumulation of volcanic rocks by the analysis of mineral content and variance slice and sheet observations. The research shows that volcanic rocks belong to the basic volcanic rocks in the early Himalayan tectonic period, and there are two types of eruption modes: North oilfields belonging to the central type of eruption and south oilfields belonging to fissure-based eruption. Volcanic activity has obvious control on hydrocarbon accumulation: 1) The paleomorphology formed by volcanic activity provides a favorable background for hydrocarbon accumulation. 2) Magma activity has formed many types of trap conditions for faults and stratigraphic reconstruction.3) The early magmatic hydrothermal fluids forms alkaline environment, and the organic acid fluids produced by the late generation-hydrocarbon expulsion forms acidic environment. The diagenetic environment of the late acidic-early alkali favors the preservation of early primary pores and the development of late secondary pores, which provides favorable conditions for the development of high quality reservoirs.4) The extensional flooding basalts in the 1 st and 2 nd members of the Dongying Formation provide stable cap rock conditions for deep hydrocarbon accumulation. Magma eruption and fracture activities jointly control oil and gas plane distribution and enrichment horizon in Bozhong 34-9 Oilfield. The successful discovery of oilfields has important reference value for the oil and gas exploration practice in the volcanic rock field of the Bohai Sea.
Bozhong 34-9 Oilfield is the largest Cenozoic volcanic oilfield in the Bohai Sea, where vocanic rocks are extensively developed and play an important role in hydrocarbon accumulation. Based on the drilling, core, seismic data, lithology characteristics and distribution, this paper studies the activity and duration and control of hydrocarbon accumulation of volcanic rocks by the analysis of mineral content and variance slice and sheet observations. The research shows that volcanic rocks belong to the basic volcanic rocks in the early Himalayan tectonic period, and there are two types of eruption modes: North oilfields belonging to the central type of eruption and south oilfields belonging to fissure-based eruption. Volcanic activity has obvious control on hydrocarbon accumulation: 1) The paleomorphology formed by volcanic activity provides a favorable background for hydrocarbon accumulation. 2) Magma activity has formed many types of trap conditions for faults and stratigraphic reconstruction.3) The early magmatic hydrothermal fluids forms alkaline environment, and the organic acid fluids produced by the late generation-hydrocarbon expulsion forms acidic environment. The diagenetic environment of the late acidic-early alkali favors the preservation of early primary pores and the development of late secondary pores, which provides favorable conditions for the development of high quality reservoirs.4) The extensional flooding basalts in the 1 st and 2 nd members of the Dongying Formation provide stable cap rock conditions for deep hydrocarbon accumulation. Magma eruption and fracture activities jointly control oil and gas plane distribution and enrichment horizon in Bozhong 34-9 Oilfield. The successful discovery of oilfields has important reference value for the oil and gas exploration practice in the volcanic rock field of the Bohai Sea.
引文
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