洞庭湖介形类现生种的分布与生态特征
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摘要
洞庭湖为我国第二大淡水湖,所在区域为研究我国全新世气候演化及全球变化的重要窗口,该区域全新世古气候研究薄弱,未见定量研究。对介形类现生种进行详细生态调查是利用其定量重建古气候的必要前提与基础。以洞庭湖介形类现生种为研究对象,分析其分布与生态特征。该湖介形类包括6属10种,比利时舍氏玻璃介(相似种) Schellencandona cf. belgica、克氏丽星介Cypria kraepelini、布氏土星介Ilyocypris bradyi、豆形豆形玻璃介Fabaeformiscandona fabaeformis、粗糙土星介Ilyocypris salebrosa、喙盲星介(相似种) Typhlocypris cf. rostrata、无偶斗星介Cypridopsis vidua及斗星介属(未定种) Cypridopsis sp.,其中C. sp.包含3个种。这些属种于洞庭湖系首次报道,于湖南省亦是首次。S. cf. belgica与T. cf. rostrata于我国报道均不多见,尤其是后者甚少。S. cf. belgica、I. bradyi及F. fabaeformis为优势种,分布广且丰度高; I. salebrosa分布样点较多,丰度偏低; C. kraepelini、T. cf.rostrata、C. vidua及C. sp.均出现频次不高或很低,只是前二者丰度较高,后二者丰度低。各属种生境参数差别不明显,总范围为水温20.33℃,p H值为7.34～8.60,溶氧量5.23～9.01 mg/L,电导率197～391μS/cm,水深1～8.4 m,主要分布于1～4 m。F. fabaeformis与C. kraepelini分布水深略大于前人认识,这可能与洞庭湖水体流动性较强有关,推测I. salebrosa为一浅水喜暖种。
In and around Dongting Lake,which is the second largest freshwater lake in China,provides an important window for studying Chinese Holocene paleoclimate evolution and global change. Research of the Holocene paleoclimate in the area is seriously deficient without quantitative studies. Detailed ecological investigation of recent ostracods is an essential precondition and foundation for quantitative reconstruction of paleoclimate using fauna data. Recent ostracods from Dongting Lake are described first,including six genera and 10 species,Schellencandona cf. belgica,Ilyocypris bradyi,I. salebrosa,Fabaeformiscandona fabaeformis,Cypria kraepelini,Typhlocypris cf. rostrata,Cypridopsis vidua and C. sp.( comprising three species). These species were reported initially in Hunan Province. Descriptions of S. cf. belgica and T. cf. rostrata are rare in China,especially the latter. S. cf. belgica,I. bradyi and F. fabaeformis are the predominant species,with wide distribution and high abundance,while I. salebrosa has relatively low abundance and is of limited distribution. C. kraepelini and T. cf. rostrata are relatively highly abundant,and C. vidua and C. sp. are of low abundance. There are no obvious differences in the habitat parameters of these species; their general habitat data is: water temperature 20.33 ℃,pH 7.34-8.60,dissolved oxygen content 5.23-9.01 mg/L,electrical conductivity 197-391 μS/cm,and water depth 1.0-8.4 m( tending towards 1-4 m). F. fabaeformis and C. kraepelini are found at a somewhat greater depth than previously thought,possibly because the water in Dongting Lake is relatively mobile. It is possible that I. salebrosa favors warm,shallow water. This study supports quantitative reconstruction of the Holocene paleoclimate in the area using ostracods,and enriches the habitat data of recent ostracods in China.
In and around Dongting Lake,which is the second largest freshwater lake in China,provides an important window for studying Chinese Holocene paleoclimate evolution and global change. Research of the Holocene paleoclimate in the area is seriously deficient without quantitative studies. Detailed ecological investigation of recent ostracods is an essential precondition and foundation for quantitative reconstruction of paleoclimate using fauna data. Recent ostracods from Dongting Lake are described first,including six genera and 10 species,Schellencandona cf. belgica,Ilyocypris bradyi,I. salebrosa,Fabaeformiscandona fabaeformis,Cypria kraepelini,Typhlocypris cf. rostrata,Cypridopsis vidua and C. sp.( comprising three species). These species were reported initially in Hunan Province. Descriptions of S. cf. belgica and T. cf. rostrata are rare in China,especially the latter. S. cf. belgica,I. bradyi and F. fabaeformis are the predominant species,with wide distribution and high abundance,while I. salebrosa has relatively low abundance and is of limited distribution. C. kraepelini and T. cf. rostrata are relatively highly abundant,and C. vidua and C. sp. are of low abundance. There are no obvious differences in the habitat parameters of these species; their general habitat data is: water temperature 20.33 ℃,pH 7.34-8.60,dissolved oxygen content 5.23-9.01 mg/L,electrical conductivity 197-391 μS/cm,and water depth 1.0-8.4 m( tending towards 1-4 m). F. fabaeformis and C. kraepelini are found at a somewhat greater depth than previously thought,possibly because the water in Dongting Lake is relatively mobile. It is possible that I. salebrosa favors warm,shallow water. This study supports quantitative reconstruction of the Holocene paleoclimate in the area using ostracods,and enriches the habitat data of recent ostracods in China.
引文
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