运动单站单基线解模糊定位算法
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摘要
针对传统干涉仪多频段测向定位系统复杂、单基线测向模糊等问题,提出一种基于运动单站单基线对地面静止辐射源解模糊无源定位方法。首先,建立基于模糊相位差几何特性的无源定位模型,然后推导出在最大似然比条件下模糊相位差的代价函数,通过樽海鞘群优化算法估计辐射源位置,最后推导出该无源定位模型下的定位误差几何精度因子(GDOP)。研究结果表明:本文所提出的方法能够在低信噪比条件下达到较高的定位精度,仅利用单基线干涉仪即可对多个频段辐射源进行定位。
To deal with the complexity structures of multiple frequency bands in the use of multichannel phase interferometers and the ambiguity of direction finding in using single baseline interferometer, a single moving observer ambiguity resolution passive location algorithm was proposed for the static ground emitter. Firstly, the passive location model of ambiguous phase difference(PD) based on geometric characteristics was established. Then the cost function of PD in the maximum likelihood principle was derived. The emitter position was then estimated by the salp swarm algorithm(SSA). Finally, the geometrical dilution precision(GDOP) of PD in the single observer passive location model was derived. The results show that the proposed method can achieve high positioning accuracy under low signal-to-noise ratio(SNR) conditions, and multiple frequency band emitters can be located only by using single baseline interferometer.
To deal with the complexity structures of multiple frequency bands in the use of multichannel phase interferometers and the ambiguity of direction finding in using single baseline interferometer, a single moving observer ambiguity resolution passive location algorithm was proposed for the static ground emitter. Firstly, the passive location model of ambiguous phase difference(PD) based on geometric characteristics was established. Then the cost function of PD in the maximum likelihood principle was derived. The emitter position was then estimated by the salp swarm algorithm(SSA). Finally, the geometrical dilution precision(GDOP) of PD in the single observer passive location model was derived. The results show that the proposed method can achieve high positioning accuracy under low signal-to-noise ratio(SNR) conditions, and multiple frequency band emitters can be located only by using single baseline interferometer.
引文
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[20]曹东波,张敏,姜文利.单星多普勒变化率无源定位精度分析[J].航天电子对抗,2010,26(4):1-4.CAO Dongbo,ZHANG Min,JIANG Wenli.Accuracy analysis for passive localization of a single satellite based on Doppler rate-of-change[J].Aerospace Electronic Warfare,2010,26(4):1-4.
[2]SHIEH C S,LIN C T.Direction of arrival estimation based on phase difference using neural fuzzy network[J].IEEETransactions on Antennas and Propagation,2000,48(7):1115-1124.
[3]XI Wei,YU Bianzhang,WANG Songshan.Theoretical analysis of direct-finding targets with rolling-airframe passive radar by phase interference technique[C]//Proceedings of International Conference on Radar(CIE'06).New York,USA:Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers,2006:1-4.
[4]郭福成,贾兴江,皇甫堪.仅利用相位差变化率的机载单站无源定位方法及误差分析[J].航空学报,2009,30(6):1090-1095.GUO Fucheng,JIA Xingjiang,HUANG Fukan.A single observer passive localization method using phase difference changing rate only and its error analysis[J].Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica,2009,30(6):1090-1095
[5]TIRER T,WEISS A J.High resolution direct position of radio frequency sources[J].IEEE Signal Processing Letters,2015,23(2):192-196.
[6]TIRER T,WEISS A J.High resolution localization of narrowband radio emitters based on doppler frequency shifts[J].Signal Processing,2017,141:288-298.
[7]TIRER T,WEISS A J.Performance analysis of a high-resolution direct position determination method[J].IEEE Transactions on Signal Process,2017,65(3):544-554.
[8]OUYANG Xinxin,WAN Qun,CAO Jingmin,,et al.Direct TDOA geolocation of multiple frequency-hopping emitters in flat fading channels[J].IET Signal Processing,2017,11(1):80-85.
[9]陈曦,朱伟强.基于新体制的单基线定位技术研究[J].航天电子对抗,2012,28(4):53-55.CHEN Xi,ZHU Weiqiang.The research of locating performance based on signal baseline[J].Aerospace Electronic Warfare,2012,28(4):53-55.
[10]OISPUU M,NICKEL U.Direct detection and position determination of multiple sources with intermittent emission[J].Signal Processing,2010,90(12):3056-3064.
[11]张敏,郭福成,周一宇.基于单个长基线干涉仪的运动单张直接定位[J].航空学报,2013,34(2):378-386.ZHANG Min,GUO Fucheng,ZHOU Yiyu.A single moving observer direct position determination method using a long baseline interferometer[J].Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica,2013,34(2):378-386.
[12]张敏,郭福成,周一宇,等.运动单站干涉仪相位差直接定位[J].航空学报,2013,34(9):2185-2193.ZHANG Min,GUO Fucheng,ZHOU Yiyu,et al.A signal moving observer direct position determination method using interferometer phase difference[J].Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica,2013,34(9):2185-2193.
[13]王鼎,张刚,沈彩耀,等.一种针对恒模信号的运动单站直接定位算法[J].航空学报,2016,37(5):1622-1633.WANG Ding,ZHANG Gang,SHEN Caiyao.A direct determination algorithm for constant modulus signals with signal moving observer[J].Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica,2016,37(5):1622-1633.
[14]王鼎,吴志东,尹洁昕.信号波形已知条件下多目标直接定位性能分析及其改进算法[J].电子学报,2017,45(12):2881-2889.WANG Ding,WU Zhidong,YIN Jiexin.A performance analysis and improvement algorithm for multiple-source direct localization with known signal waveforms[J].Acta Electronica Sinica,2017,45(12):2881-2889.
[15]张旻,罗争.一种基于RSS估计的虚假点消除方法[J].电子学报,2012,40(10):2117-2121.ZHANG Min,LUO Zheng.A new method for eliminating ghost based on RSS estimation[J].Acta Electronica Sinica,2012,40(10):2117-2121.
[16]MIRJALILI S,GANDOMI A H,MIRJALILI S Z,et al.Salp swarm algorithm:a bio-inspired optimizer for engineering design problems[J].Advances in Engineering Software,2017,114:163-191.
[17]MIRJALILI S,MIRJALILI S M,LEWIS A.Grey wolf optimization[J].Advances in Engineering Software,2014,69:46-61.
[18]GAO Lipeng,SUN Heng,LIU Mengnan,et al.TDOAcollaborative localization algorithm based on PSO and Newton iteration in WGS-84 coordinate system[C]//International Conference on Signal Processing.Chengdu,2016:1571-1575.
[19]WOLPERT D H,MACREADY W G.No free lunch theorems for optimization[J].IEEE Transactions on Evolutionary Computation,1997,1(1):67-82.
[20]曹东波,张敏,姜文利.单星多普勒变化率无源定位精度分析[J].航天电子对抗,2010,26(4):1-4.CAO Dongbo,ZHANG Min,JIANG Wenli.Accuracy analysis for passive localization of a single satellite based on Doppler rate-of-change[J].Aerospace Electronic Warfare,2010,26(4):1-4.