基于变压器模型的特高压变压器饱和励磁特性研究
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摘要
为弥补目前仿真计算和变压器整机试验对特高压变压器饱和励磁特性研究的不足,选取进口和国产的高磁感取向硅钢片分别进行标准试样的基础磁性能测试,并分别搭建与特高压变压器结构相同、磁通密度等效的变压器铁心模型,基于该模型建立变压器饱和励磁特性检测系统,对测试得到的标准试样的基础磁性能和变压器模型的过励磁特性进行了研究和分析。结果表明:特高压变压器硅钢铁心模型在过励磁条件下,变压器模型的励磁特性与标准试样的基础磁特性变化的关系不完全符合计算公式;电压波形能保持基本的正弦波形态,空载电流畸变严重,各高次谐波的比重相比增大;采用的同规格的进口和国产高磁感取向硅钢片的标准试样的基础磁性能基本一致,对应的变压器铁心模型的饱和励磁特性存在一定差异。
In order to make up for the lack of saturated excitation characteristics research with simulation calcula-tion and transformer machine test on the UHV transformer,the basic magnetic test of imported and domestic highmagnetic oriented silicon steel sheet standard samples were carried out. And transformer core models were builtwith the same structure,equivalent magnetic flux density as UHV transformer. Based on the models,the saturatedexcitation characteristic detection system of transformer was established. The basic magnetic characteristics of thestandard samples and the over-excitation characteristics of the transformer model were studied and analyzed. The re-sults show that,under over-excitation conditions,the relationship between the excitation characteristics of thetransformer model and the base magnetic characteristics of the standard samples is not fully consistent with the cal-culation formula,distortion of no-load current is serious and the proportion of the higher harmonics increase,thebasic magnetic characteristics of the standard samples of imported and domestic high magnetic oriented siliconsteel sheets are basically the same and the saturated excitation characteristics of the corresponding transformer coremodel are different.
In order to make up for the lack of saturated excitation characteristics research with simulation calcula-tion and transformer machine test on the UHV transformer,the basic magnetic test of imported and domestic highmagnetic oriented silicon steel sheet standard samples were carried out. And transformer core models were builtwith the same structure,equivalent magnetic flux density as UHV transformer. Based on the models,the saturatedexcitation characteristic detection system of transformer was established. The basic magnetic characteristics of thestandard samples and the over-excitation characteristics of the transformer model were studied and analyzed. The re-sults show that,under over-excitation conditions,the relationship between the excitation characteristics of thetransformer model and the base magnetic characteristics of the standard samples is not fully consistent with the cal-culation formula,distortion of no-load current is serious and the proportion of the higher harmonics increase,thebasic magnetic characteristics of the standard samples of imported and domestic high magnetic oriented siliconsteel sheets are basically the same and the saturated excitation characteristics of the corresponding transformer coremodel are different.
引文
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[15]尹克宁.变压器设计原理[M].北京:中国电力出版社,2003:152-164.YIN Kening. Transformer design principles[M]. Beijing:China Electric Power Press,2003:152-164.
[16]杜永,程志光,谢德馨,等.各向异性取向硅钢片的多方向磁性能模拟[J].高电压技术,2008,34(12):3022-3026.DU Yong,CHENG Zhiguang,XIE Dexin,et al. Modeling for multi-directional magnetic property of anisotropic grainoriented silicon steel[J]. High Voltage Engineering,2008,34(12):3022-3026.
[17]张艳丽,彭志华,谢德馨,等.直流偏磁下不同磁化曲线对变压器铁心损耗仿真的影响[J].电工技术学报,2014,29(5):43-48.HZNAG Yanli,PENG Zhihua,XIE Dexin,et al. Effect of different magnetization curves on simulation for transformer core loss under DC bias[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2014,29(5):43-48.
[18]赵志刚,刘福贵,程志光,等. HVDC中直流偏磁电力变压器叠片铁心损耗及磁通分布[J].高电压技术. 2010,36(9):2346-2351.ZHAO Zhigang,LIU Fugui,CHENG Zhiguang,et al. Loss and distribution of power transformer laminated core under DC-biased magnetization condition in HVDC[J]. High Voltage Engineering,2010. 36(9):2346-2351.
[2]仇圣桃,付兵,项利,等.高磁感取向硅钢生产技术与工艺的研发进展及趋势[J].钢铁,2013,48(3):1-7.QIU Shengtao,FU Bing,XIANG Li,et al. Recent research trends and developments of production process and technology for high magnetic induction grain-oriented silicon steel[J]. Iron and Steel,2013,48(3):1-7.
[3]董晶,卢凤喜.变压器用取向硅钢片的现状及发展趋势预测[J].钢铁研究,2005(4):59-61.DONG Jing,LU Fengxi. Present status and development trends of oriented silicon sheet used for transformer manufacturing[J]. Research on Iron and Steel. 2005(4):59-61.
[4]程灵,杨富尧,马光,等.电力变压器用高磁感取向硅钢的发展及应用[J].材料导报,2014,28(6):115-118.CHENG Ling,YANG Fuyao,MA Guang,et al. Development and application of high magnetic induction grain-oriented silicon steel for power transformer[J]. Materials Review. 2014,28(6):115-118.
[5]岳新亮,贾鸿斌,李英,等.核电工程变压器过励磁能力研究[J].中国核电. 2015,8(2):129-132.YUE Xinliang,JIA Hongbin,LI Ying,et al. Study on over-excitation capability of nuclear power plant transformer[J].Chian Nuclear Power. 2015,8(2):129-132.
[6]李建明,梁作德,李华春,等.高磁感硅钢片电磁性能比较分析及应用[J].变压器. 2014,51(4):37-40.LI Jianming,LIANG Zuode,LI Huachun,et al. Comparative analysis and application of electromagnetic proper ties of high magnetic induction silicon steel sheet[J]. Transformer. 2014,51(4):37-40.
[7]用爱泼斯坦方圈测量电工钢片(带)磁性能的方法:GB/T3655—2008[S]. 2008.Methods of measurement of the magnetic properties of electrical steel sheet and strip by means of an Epstein frame:GB/T 3655—2000[S]. 2008.
[8]单片电工钢片带磁性能测量方法:GB/T 13789—1992[S]. 1992.Methods of measurement of magnetic properties by means of a single sheet tester:GB/T 13789—1992[S]. 1992.
[9]冷轧取向和无取向电工钢带(片):GB/T 2521—2008[S].2008.Low temperature rolled grain-oriented and non-oriented electrical steel(sheet):GB/T 2521—2008[S]. 2008.
[10]胡启凡.变压器试验技术[M].北京:中国电力出版社,2009:267-288.HU Qifan. Transformer test technology[M]. Beijing:China Electric Power Press,2009:267-288.
[11] ENRIGHT W,ARRILLAGA J,WATSON N R. Modeling multi-limb transformers with an electromagnetic transient program[J]. Mathematics and Computers in Simulation,1998,46(3):213-220.
[12] JILESDC,THOELKEJB,DEVINEMK.Numericaldetermination of hysteresis parameters for the modeling of magnetic properties using the theory of ferromagnetic hysteresis[J].IEEETransactionsonMagnetics,1992,28(1):27-35.
[13] GREENE J D,GROSS C A. Nonlinear modeling of transformers[J]. IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications.1998,24(3):434-438.
[14]吴笃贵,徐政.电力变压器有源谐波模型[J].电网技术,1999,23(3):34-37.WU Dugui,XU Zheng. Active harmonic model of power transformer[J]. Power SystemTechnology,1999,23(3):34-37.
[15]尹克宁.变压器设计原理[M].北京:中国电力出版社,2003:152-164.YIN Kening. Transformer design principles[M]. Beijing:China Electric Power Press,2003:152-164.
[16]杜永,程志光,谢德馨,等.各向异性取向硅钢片的多方向磁性能模拟[J].高电压技术,2008,34(12):3022-3026.DU Yong,CHENG Zhiguang,XIE Dexin,et al. Modeling for multi-directional magnetic property of anisotropic grainoriented silicon steel[J]. High Voltage Engineering,2008,34(12):3022-3026.
[17]张艳丽,彭志华,谢德馨,等.直流偏磁下不同磁化曲线对变压器铁心损耗仿真的影响[J].电工技术学报,2014,29(5):43-48.HZNAG Yanli,PENG Zhihua,XIE Dexin,et al. Effect of different magnetization curves on simulation for transformer core loss under DC bias[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2014,29(5):43-48.
[18]赵志刚,刘福贵,程志光,等. HVDC中直流偏磁电力变压器叠片铁心损耗及磁通分布[J].高电压技术. 2010,36(9):2346-2351.ZHAO Zhigang,LIU Fugui,CHENG Zhiguang,et al. Loss and distribution of power transformer laminated core under DC-biased magnetization condition in HVDC[J]. High Voltage Engineering,2010. 36(9):2346-2351.