局部电弧对绝缘子泄漏电流和表面电导率关系的影响
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摘要
为研究饱和湿度条件下局部电弧对绝缘子泄漏电流与表面电导率之间折合关系的影响,在自制小型雾室内进行试验,采用带电受潮的方式,监测U70B/146、U70BP/146D以及三角形玻璃板在不同试验等值盐密(ESDD)条件下表面泄漏电流的变化情况,并利用泄漏电流最大值折合得到不同盐密条件下的表面电导率值。试验结果表明:在试验样品表面出现局部电弧的情况下,不同型号绝缘子表面电导率折合值不同且与表面电导率实际值存在较大偏差;三角形玻璃板表面电导率折合值与实际值偏差较小。试验结果证明,局部电弧的出现,改变了电流在剩余污层上的发展路径,进而造成形状系数发生改变,致使绝缘子表面电导率折合值小于实际值。利用泄漏电流折算表面电导率时,U70B/146的修正系数为1.82～2.86,U70BP/146D的修正系数为1.18～1.33。
In order to study the effect of partial arc on the relationship between the leakage current and the surface conductivity under the saturated humidity condition, experiments were carried out in a small fog chamber.Moreover, the surface leakage current of U70 B/146, U70 BP/146 D and triangular glass plates under different equivalent salt deposit density(ESDD) values were monitored by applying electricity and moisture, and the maximum value of leakage current was used to calculate the surface conductivity under different ESDD values. The test results show that when the partial arc appears on the surface of the sample, the calculated equivalent values of the surface conductivity of different types of insulators are different, and there is a great deviation from the actual value of the surface conductivity. The calculated equivalent value of surface conductivity of the triangular glass plate is almost the same as the actual value. The test results show that the appearance of partial arc changes the development path of current on the pollution layer, and then causes the change of shape coefficient, so that the calculated equivalent value of the surface conductivity of insulator is smaller than the actual value. When the leakage current is used to calculate the surface conductivity, the correction factor of U70 B/146 is 1.82～2.86, and the correction factor of U70 BP/146 D is 1.18～1.33.
In order to study the effect of partial arc on the relationship between the leakage current and the surface conductivity under the saturated humidity condition, experiments were carried out in a small fog chamber.Moreover, the surface leakage current of U70 B/146, U70 BP/146 D and triangular glass plates under different equivalent salt deposit density(ESDD) values were monitored by applying electricity and moisture, and the maximum value of leakage current was used to calculate the surface conductivity under different ESDD values. The test results show that when the partial arc appears on the surface of the sample, the calculated equivalent values of the surface conductivity of different types of insulators are different, and there is a great deviation from the actual value of the surface conductivity. The calculated equivalent value of surface conductivity of the triangular glass plate is almost the same as the actual value. The test results show that the appearance of partial arc changes the development path of current on the pollution layer, and then causes the change of shape coefficient, so that the calculated equivalent value of the surface conductivity of insulator is smaller than the actual value. When the leakage current is used to calculate the surface conductivity, the correction factor of U70 B/146 is 1.82～2.86, and the correction factor of U70 BP/146 D is 1.18～1.33.
引文
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[2]宿志一,李庆峰.我国电网防污闪措施的回顾和总结[J].电网技术,2010,34(12):124-130.SU Zhiyi,LI Qingfeng.Historical review and summary on measures against pollution flashover occurred in power grids in China[J].Power System Technology,2010,34(12):124-130.
[3]关志成,刘瑛岩,周远翔,等.绝缘子及输变电设备外绝缘[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2006.GUAN Zhicheng,LIU Yingyan,ZHOU Yuanxiang,et al.The outdoor insulation of insulator and power transmission equipment[M].Beijing,China:Tsinghua University Press,2006.
[4]李恒,刘刚,李立浧.绝缘子表面自然污秽成分分析及其研究展望[J].中国电机工程学报,2011,31(16):128-137.LI Hengzhen,LIU Gang,LI Licheng.Study status and prospect of natural contamination component on insulator surface[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2011,31(16):128-137.
[5]陈孝明,黄俊杰,阮羚,等.绝缘子污秽可溶性成分对等值盐密的影响分析[J].高压电器,2016,52(1):184-189.CHEN Xiaoming,HUANG Junjie,RUAN Ling,et al.Analysis on influence of soluble components of insulator contamination on ESDD[J].High Voltage Apparatus,2016,52(1):184-189.
[6]黄青丹,张东东,宋浩永,等.基于等值盐密修正的绝缘子闪络电压计算[J].高电压技术,2016,42(6):1907-1913.HUANG Qingdan,ZHANG Dongdong,SONG Haoyong,et al.Calculation of insulator flashover voltage based on equivalent salt deposit density correction[J].High Voltage Engineering,2016,42(6):1907-1913.
[7]CIGRE TF 33.04.01 Work Group.Polluted insulators:a review of current knowedge[M].Paris,France:CIGRE,2000.
[8]黄道春,熊紫腾,阮江军,等.污秽中Ca SO4质量分数对瓷绝缘子串泄漏电流特性的影响[J].高电压技术,2016,42(5):1644-1650.HUANG Daochun,XIONG Ziteng,RUAN Jiangjun,et al.Influence of CaSO4 mass fraction in contamination on the leakage current characteristics of porcelain insulator string[J].High Voltage Engineering,2016,42(5):1644-1650.
[9]姚陈果,李璟延,米彦,等.绝缘子安全区泄漏电流频谱特征提取及污秽状态预测[J].中国电机工程学报,2007,27(30):1-8.YAO Chenguo,LI Jingyan,MI Yan,et al.Abstracting frequency spectrum characteristics of insulators leakage current in safety zone to forecast the contamination condition[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2007,27(30):1-8.
[10]赵世华,蒋兴良,张志劲,等.染污玻璃绝缘子泄漏电流特性及其闪络电压预测[J].电网技术,2014,38(2):440-447.ZHAO Shihua,JIANG Xingliang,ZHANG Zhijin,et al.Flashover voltage prediction of polluted glass insulators based on the characteristics of leakage current[J].Power System Technology,2014,38(2):440-447.
[11]蒋兴良,石岩,黄欢,等.污秽绝缘子泄漏电流频率和相位特征的试验研究[J].中国电机工程学报,2010,30(7):118-124.JIANG Xingliang,SHI Yan,HUANG Huan,et al.Experimental research on the frequency and phase characteristics of leakage current of artificially polluted insulators[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2010,30(7):118-124.
[12]张友鹏,伍亚萍,董海燕,等.基于遗传算法的绝缘子泄漏电流估算[J].高电压技术,2015,41(8):2757-2763.ZHANG Youpeng,WU Yaping,DONG Haiyan,et al.Evaluation of leakage current of insulators based on the genetic algorithm[J].High Voltage Engineering,2015,41(8):2757-2763.
[13]赵晨龙,戴罕奇,朱明曦,等.结构单元表面电导率测量系统及应用[J].高电压技术,2015,41(8):2803-2809.ZHAO Chenlong,DAI Hanqi,ZHU Mingxi,et al.Conductivity measuring system of unit surface and its application[J].High Voltage Engineering,2015,41(8):2803-2809.
[14]关志成,刘虹,王黎明,等.用局部表面电导率法研究绝缘子的积污规律[J].清华大学学报(自然科学版),2000,40(1):10-12.GUAN Zhicheng,LIU Hong,WANG Liming,et al.Study on contamination accumulation law of insulators by local surface conductivity method[J].Journal of Tsinghua University(Science&Technology),2000,40(1):10-12.
[15]关志成,崔国顺,董颖.局部表面电导率法及其应用[J].电瓷避雷器,1994(2):20-25.GUAN Zhicheng,CUI Guoshun,DONG Ying.Local surface conductivity method and its application[J].Insulators and Surge Arresters,1994(2):20-25.
[16]宋云海.基于表面电导的绝缘子积污在线监测系统[D].广州:华南理工大学,2011.SONG Yunhai.The study base on insulator pollution deposit on-line monitoring of surface conductance[D].Guangzhou,China:South China University of Technology,2011.
[17]邱志贤.关于高压绝缘子交流人工和自然污秽闪络电压的分散性[J].电瓷避雷器,2009(5):1-4,8.QIU Zhixian.Dispersion of A.C.artificial and natural pollution flashover voltage of high voltage insulators[J].Insulators and Surge Arresters,2009(5):1-4,8.
[18]邱志贤,乔振西,曾昭录.应用污层电导率测量值划分污秽地区等级的探讨[J].中国电瓷,1982(3):24-32.QIU Zhixian,QIAO Zhenxi,ZENG Zhaolu.Discussion on classification of pollution area by measuring the conductivity of pollution layer[J].China Electric Porcelain,1982(3):24-32.
[19]孙保强,关志成,王黎明,等.局部表面电导率测量仪器及测试方法[J].高电压技术,2014,40(3):878-884.SUN Baoqiang,GUAN Zhicheng,WANG Liming,et al.Instruments and method for measuring partial surface conductivity[J].High Voltage Engineering,2014,40(3):878-884.