北方严寒地区LID设施建设面临的挑战及优化策略
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摘要
由于北方严寒地区独特的气候特点,海绵城市的建设尤其是低影响开发设施的设计及维护,都面临着极大的挑战。通过分析严寒气候对低影响开发设施的影响,并依据国内外研究经验,对严寒地区低影响开发设施的规模计算、结构优化、维护管理等方面提出相应策略,以期加强我国海绵城市建设在严寒地区的应对能力。
The unique climate characteristics in the cold regions of northern China have caused the great challenges to the construction of the sponge cities,especially design and maintenance of LID facilities. By analyzing the impact of cold weather on the LID facilities and the domestic and foreign research experience,this paper summed up the methods of scale calculation,optimization,maintenance and other aspects of LID facilities,to strengthen the construction of sponge cities in cold regions of China.
The unique climate characteristics in the cold regions of northern China have caused the great challenges to the construction of the sponge cities,especially design and maintenance of LID facilities. By analyzing the impact of cold weather on the LID facilities and the domestic and foreign research experience,this paper summed up the methods of scale calculation,optimization,maintenance and other aspects of LID facilities,to strengthen the construction of sponge cities in cold regions of China.
引文
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[2]徐苏宁,赵蕾.东北地区城市水系雨雪水利用潜力研究[J].城市发展研究,2017,24(1):82-88.Xu Suning,Zhao Lei.The potential of rain and snow water utilization of urban water system in northeast China[J].Urban Development Studies,2017,24(1):82-88(in Chinese).
[3]Caraco D,Claytor R.Stormwater BMP Design:Supplement for Cold Climates[M].US:USEnvironmental Protection Agency,1997.
[4]国家海绵城市建设创新实践课题组.中国北方寒冷缺水地区海绵典范——吉林白城海绵城市建设实践路径[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2018.National Sponge City Construction Innovation Practice Group.A Model of Sponge in the Cold and Water-scarce Regions of Northern China-Practical Approach to Sponge City Construction in Baicheng,Jilin[M].Beijing:China Architecture&Building Press,2018(in Chinese).
[5]Kratky H,Li Z,Chen Y,et al.A critical literature review of bioretention research for stormwater management in cold climate and future research recommendations[J].Front Environ Sci Eng,2017,11(4):22-36.
[6]Roseen R M,Ballestero T P,Houle J J,et al.Seasonal performance variations for storm-water management systems in cold climate conditions[J].J Environ Eng,2009,135(3):128-137.
[7]Sberg L C,Viklander M,Blecken G T.The influence of temperature and salt on metal and sediment removal in stormwater biofilters[J].Water Sci Technol,2014,69(11):2295-2304.
[8]严霞,李法云,刘桐武,等.化学融雪剂对生态环境的影响[J].生态学杂志,2008,27(12):2209-2214.Yan Xia,Li Fayun,Liu Tongwu,et al.Effect of deicing chemicals on ecological environment[J].Chinese Journal of Ecology,2008,27(12):2209-2214(in Chinese).
[9]王永恒,刘继香.寒冷地区污水管道浅埋的追踪观察[J].中国给水排水,2001,17(7):74-76.Wang Yongheng,Liu Jixiang.Tracking observation on the shallow burying of sewer in cold region[J].China Water&Wastewater,2001,17(7):74-76(in Chinese).
[10]北京市市政工程设计研究总院.给水排水设计手册(第5册):城镇排水[M].2版.北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2004.Beijing General Municipal Engineering Design&Research Institute.Water Supply and Drainage Design Manual.Fifth volumes,Urban Drainage[M].2nd ed.Beijing:China Architecture&Building Press,2004(in Chinese).
[11]狄彦,帅健,孔令圳.冻土冻胀及其对管道的作用分析[J].地下空间与工程学报,2016,12(3):634-639,728.Di Yan,Shuai Jian,Kong Lingzhen.The frost heave of frozen soil and its effect on the pipeline[J].Chinese Journal of Underground Space and Engineering,2016,12(3):634-639,728(in Chinese).
[12]斯考特·斯蓝尼.海绵城市基础设施:雨洪管理手册[M].潘潇潇,译.桂林:广西师范大学出版社,2017.Slaney Scott.Stormwater Management for Sustainable Urban Environments[M].Pan Xiaoxiao,translated.Guilin:Guangxi Normal University Press,2017(in Chinese).
[13]邢奕,钱大益,应高祥.应用耐冷菌株改善寒冷地区冬季人工湿地系统生物脱氮效果[J].北京科技大学学报,20017,29(增刊2):53-57.Xing Yi,Qian Dayi,Ying Gaoxiang.Application of psychrotrophses in improving bio-treatment efficiency of nitrogen in constructed wetland in cold area during winter[J].Journal of University of Science and Technology Beijing,2007,29(S2):53-57(in Chinese).
[14]王琦,宫永伟,张维伟,等.源头径流控制设施的运行维护及相关问题探讨[J].中国给水排水,2017,33(7):144-148.Wang Qi,Gong Yongwei,Zhang Weiwei,et al.Discussion on operation and maintenance of source runoff control facilities and related issues[J].China Water&Wastewater,2017,33(7):144-148(in Chinese).
[15]Roseen R M,Ballestero T P.Porous asphalt pavements for stormwater management in cold climates[J].Hot Mix Asphalt Technol,2008,13(5):22-26,29,33-34.