福建德化地区东洋浅成热液金矿床成矿作用与成因研究
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摘要
为揭示福建德化东洋金矿床的成因,进行了矿床地质、流体包裹体和氢-氧、硫、铅同位素的系统研究。结果显示成矿流体接近于大气降水;硫元素具有深源硫的特征;铅同位素表明成矿物质来源于古老下地壳。综合研究结果表明该矿床的初始成矿流体为中高温、低密度、低盐度的岩浆热液,沸腾作用以及大气水混合是成矿物质卸载的主要因素,矿床成因属于与次火山岩岩浆作用有关的浅成热液低硫化型金矿床。
A systematic study on deposit geology,fluid inclusions and hydrogen-oxygen,sulfur and lead isotopes has been carried out to reveal the genesis of Dongyang gold deposit in Dehua,Fujian. The results show that the ore-forming fluid is close to meteoric water,the sulfur has the characteristics of deep sulfur and the lead isotope indicates that the ore-forming material originates from the ancient lower crust. Comprehensive research proves that the initial ore-forming fluid for the deposit is the medium-high-temperature,low-density and low-salinity magmatic water. The boiling and the mixing of meteoric water are the main factors for the unloading of the ore-forming minerals. The genesis of the deposit belongs to the epithermal low sulphidation gold deposit associated with subvolcanic magmatism.
A systematic study on deposit geology,fluid inclusions and hydrogen-oxygen,sulfur and lead isotopes has been carried out to reveal the genesis of Dongyang gold deposit in Dehua,Fujian. The results show that the ore-forming fluid is close to meteoric water,the sulfur has the characteristics of deep sulfur and the lead isotope indicates that the ore-forming material originates from the ancient lower crust. Comprehensive research proves that the initial ore-forming fluid for the deposit is the medium-high-temperature,low-density and low-salinity magmatic water. The boiling and the mixing of meteoric water are the main factors for the unloading of the ore-forming minerals. The genesis of the deposit belongs to the epithermal low sulphidation gold deposit associated with subvolcanic magmatism.
引文
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[24]王建芳.对福建地质构造特征以及岩浆活动的成矿关系的初步意见[J].江西建材,2016(12):236.WANG Jian-fang.Preliminary opinions on the geological structure characteristics and mineralization relations of magmatic activities in Fujian[J].Jiangxi Building Materials,2016(12):236.
[25]黄宝,倪培,项洪亮,等.福建邱村金矿地质特征及矿床成因[J].矿物岩石地球化学通报,2017,36(4):650-659.HUANG Bao,NI Pei,XIANG Hong-liang,et al.The geological characteristics and ore genesis of the Qiucun gold deposit,Fujian province[J].2017,36(4):650-659.
[26]陈世忠,黄正清,朱筱婷,等.武夷山成矿带桃溪环形构造区典型矿床成矿背景[J].中国地质,2013,40(5):1569-1582.CHEN Shi-zhong,HUANG Zheng-qing,ZHU Xiaoting,et al.Magmatism and ore-forming background of the main deposits in Taoxi circular structure along the Wuyishan ore belt[J].Chinese Geology,2013,40(5):1569-1582.
[27]李亮.吉林省夹皮沟-海沟金成矿带金矿床成矿流体特征与深部成矿潜力评价:博士学位论文[D].长春.吉林大学,2016.LI Liang.Research on ore-forming fluids of gold deposits in Jiapigou-Haigou gold belt,Jilin province and deepseated metallogenic assessment:doctor's degree thesis[D].Changchun:Jilin University,2016.
[28]卢焕章,范宏瑞,倪培,等.流体包裹体[M].北京:科学出版社,2004:1-487.LU Huan-zhang,FAN Hong-rui,NI Pei,et al.Fluid inclusion[M].Beijing:Science Press,2004:1-487.
[29]刘斌,段光贤.Na Cl-H2O溶液包裹体的密度式和等容式及其应用[J].矿物学报,1987(4):345-352.LIU Bin,DUAN Guang-xian.The density and isochoric formulae for Na CI-H2O fluid inclusions(salinity<25wt%)and their applications[J].Acta Mineralogica Sinica,1987(4):345-352.
[30]刘斌,沈昆.流体包裹体热力学[M].北京:地质出版社,1999:171-248.LIU Bin,SHEN Kun.Thermal mechanics of fluid inclusion[M].Beijing:Geological Publishing House,1999:171-248.
[31]刘斌.中高盐度Na Cl-H2O包裹体的密度式和等容式及其应用[J].地质论评,2001,47(6):617-622.LIU Bin.Density and isochoric formula for Na Cl-H2Oinclusions with medium and high salinity and their applications[J].Geological Review,2001,47(6):617-622.
[32]Potter R W,Brown D L.The volumetric properties of aqueous sodium chloride solutions from 0 to 500℃at pressures up to 2000 bars based on a regression of available data in the literature[J].Modern Law Review,1977,1421(2):286-318.
[33]Hall D L,Sterner S M,Bodnar R J.Freezing point depression of Na Cl-KCl-H[J].Economic Geology,1988,83(1):197-202.
[34]Roedder E.Fluid inclusions-Reviews in mineralogy[J].Mineral Society of American,1984,12:644.
[35]Clayton R N,O'Neil J R,Mayeda T K.Oxygen isotope exchange between quartz and water[J].Journal of Geophysical Research,1972,77:3057-3067.
[36]Taylor H P.Oxygen and hydrogen isotope relationships in hydrothermal mineral deposits:doctor's degree thesis[D].New York:Geochemistry of Hydrothermal Ore Deposits,1997.
[37]Ohmoto,H.Sulfur and carbon isotopes[J].Geochemistry of Hydrothermal Ore Deposits,1997,1:517-612.
[38]Allegre C.Earth Science and History[J].Science,1988,242:1451-1452.
[39]毛景文,谢桂青,李晓峰,等.华南地区中生代大规模成矿作用与岩石圈多阶段伸展[J].地学前缘,2004,11(1):45-55.MAO Jing-wen,XIE Gui-qing,LI Xiao-feng,et al.Mesozoic large scale mineralization and multiple lithospheric extension in South China[J].Earth Science Frontiers,2004,11(1):45-55.
[2]Corbett G.Epithermal gold for explorationists[J].AIGJournal-Applied Geoscientific Practice and Research in Australia,2002,April:1-26.
[3]Heald P.Comparative anatomy of volcanic-hosted epithermal deposits:acid-sulfate and adularia-sericite types[J].Economic Geology,1987,8(1):1-26.
[4]Hedenquist J W,Lowenstern J B.The role of magmas in the formation of hydrothermal ore deposits[J].Nature,1994,370(6490):519-527.
[5]Hedenquist J W,Arribas R A,Gonzalez U E.Exploration for epithermal gold deposits[J].Reviews in Economic Geology,2000,13:245-277.
[6]Kerrich R,Goldfarb R,Groves D,et al.The characteristics,origins,and geodynamic settings of supergiant gold metallogenic provinces[J].Science in China(Earth Sciences),2012,43:1-68.
[7]Gammons C H,Williams-Jones A E.Chemical mobility of gold in the porphyry-epithermal environment[J].E-conomic Geology,1997,92(1):45-59.
[8]Hedenquist J W,Arribas A J,Reynolds T J.Evolution of an intrusion-centered hydrothermal system:far southeastLepanto porphyry and epithermal Cu-Au deposits,Philippines[J].Economic Geology,1998,93(4):373-404.
[9]张德全,佘宏全,李大新,等.紫金山地区的斑岩-浅成热液成矿系统[J].地质学报,2003,77(2):253-261.ZHANG De-quan,SHE Hong-quan,LI Da-xin,et al.The porphyry-epithermal metallogenic system in the Zijinshan region,Fujian province[J].Acta Geologica Sinica,2003,77(2):253-261.
[10]芮宗瑶.中国斑岩铜(钼)矿床[M].北京:地质出版社,1984:1-350.RUI Zong-yao.Porphyry copper(molybdenum)deposit in China[M].Beijing:Geological Publishing House,1984:1-350.
[11]江思宏,聂凤军,张义,等.浅成低温热液型金矿床研究最新进展[J].地学前缘,2004,11(2):401-411.JIANG Si-hong,NIE Feng-jun,ZHANG Yi,et al.The latest advances in the research of epithermal deposits[J].Earth Science Frontiers,2004,11(2):401-411.
[12]陈毓川,王登红.华南地区中生代岩浆成矿作用的四大问题[J].大地构造与成矿学,2012,363:315-321.CHEN Yu-chuan,WANG Deng-hong.Four main topics concerning the metallogeny related to Mesozoic magmatism in south China[J].Geotectonica et Metallogenia,2012,363:315-321.
[13]毛建仁,陶奎元,李寄嵎,等.闽西南晚中生代四方岩体同位素年代学、地球化学及其构造意义[J].岩石学报,2002,184:449-458.MAO Jian-ren,TAO Kui-yuan,LI Ji-yu,et al.Geochronology and geochemical characteristics in Late Mesozoic Sifang luton,southwestern Fujian,and their significance[J].Acta Petrologica Sinica,2002,184:449-458.
[14]林全胜.福建武平悦洋银多金属矿床特征及成因探讨[J].福建地质,2006,252:82-88.LIN Quan-sheng.On the characteristics and genesis of the Yueyang silver polymetallic deposit in Wuping county,Fujian province[J].Geology of Fujian,2006,252:82-88.
[15]黄文婷,李晶,梁华英,等.福建紫金山矿田罗卜岭铜钼矿化斑岩锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb年龄及成矿岩浆高氧化特征研究[J].岩石学报,2013,291:592-593.HUANG Wen-ting,LI Jing,LIANG Hua-ying,et al.Zircon LA-ICP-MS U-Pb ages and highly oxidized features of magma associated with Luoboling porphyry Cu-Mo deposit in Zijinshan ore field,Fujian province[J].Acta Petrologica Sinica,2013,291:592-593.
[16]岳来群,黄春鹏,张克尧.福建省金矿床成矿时代特点[J].地质与勘探,2002,38(4):17-21.YUE Lai-qun,HUANG Chun-peng,ZHANG Ke-yao.Discussion on the metallogenic epoch of cold deposits in Fujian province,southeastern China[J].Geology and Prospecting,2002,38(4):17-21.
[17]江启煜.福建德化东洋矿区金矿的发现与找矿意义[J].地质学刊,2015,39(2):301-305.JIANG Qi-yu.Discovery of the Dongyang gold deposit in Dehua county of Fujian province and its geological implications[J].Journal of Geology,2015,39(2):301-305.
[18]徐楠.福建东洋金矿成矿系统及其成因研究:博士学位论文[D].北京:中国地质大学,2017.XU Nan.Metallogenesis of the Dongyang gold deposit in Fujian province and its origin:doctor's degree thesis[D].Beijing:China University of Geosciences,2017.
[19]李霞.福建省大地构造单元划分及基本特征[J].世界地质,2013,32(3):549-557.LI Xia.Subdivision and characteristic of tectonic units in Fujian province[J].Global Geology,2013,32(3):549-557.
[20]华仁民,陈培荣,张文兰,等.论华南地区中生代3次大规模成矿作用[J].矿床地质,2005,24(2):99-107.HUA Ren-min,CHEN Pei-rong,ZHANG Wen-lan,et al.Three major metallogenic events in Mesozoic in South China[J].Mineral Deposits,2005,24(2):99-107.
[21]李建华.华南中生代大地构造过程:博士学位论文[D].北京:中国地质科学院,2013.LI Jian-hua.The Mesozoic tectonic evolution of South China:doctor's degree thesis[D].Beijing:Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,2013.
[22]张国伟,郭安林,王岳军,等.中国华南大陆构造与问题[J].中国科学(地球科学),2013,43(10):1553-1582.ZHANG Guo-wei,GUO An-lin,WANG Yue-jun,et al.Tectonics of South China continent and its implications[J].Science in China(Earth Science),2013,43(10):1553-1582.
[23]李海立.福建德化北部陆相火山岩地区与金(铜)有关的含矿建造地质地球化学研究:硕士学位论文[D].北京:中国地质大学,2016.LI Hai-li.The geologic and geochemical research on the ore-bearing formation(related to Au/Cu ore-deposits)in volcanic area in north of Dehua,Fujian province:master's degree thesis[D].Beijing:China University of Geosciences,2016.
[24]王建芳.对福建地质构造特征以及岩浆活动的成矿关系的初步意见[J].江西建材,2016(12):236.WANG Jian-fang.Preliminary opinions on the geological structure characteristics and mineralization relations of magmatic activities in Fujian[J].Jiangxi Building Materials,2016(12):236.
[25]黄宝,倪培,项洪亮,等.福建邱村金矿地质特征及矿床成因[J].矿物岩石地球化学通报,2017,36(4):650-659.HUANG Bao,NI Pei,XIANG Hong-liang,et al.The geological characteristics and ore genesis of the Qiucun gold deposit,Fujian province[J].2017,36(4):650-659.
[26]陈世忠,黄正清,朱筱婷,等.武夷山成矿带桃溪环形构造区典型矿床成矿背景[J].中国地质,2013,40(5):1569-1582.CHEN Shi-zhong,HUANG Zheng-qing,ZHU Xiaoting,et al.Magmatism and ore-forming background of the main deposits in Taoxi circular structure along the Wuyishan ore belt[J].Chinese Geology,2013,40(5):1569-1582.
[27]李亮.吉林省夹皮沟-海沟金成矿带金矿床成矿流体特征与深部成矿潜力评价:博士学位论文[D].长春.吉林大学,2016.LI Liang.Research on ore-forming fluids of gold deposits in Jiapigou-Haigou gold belt,Jilin province and deepseated metallogenic assessment:doctor's degree thesis[D].Changchun:Jilin University,2016.
[28]卢焕章,范宏瑞,倪培,等.流体包裹体[M].北京:科学出版社,2004:1-487.LU Huan-zhang,FAN Hong-rui,NI Pei,et al.Fluid inclusion[M].Beijing:Science Press,2004:1-487.
[29]刘斌,段光贤.Na Cl-H2O溶液包裹体的密度式和等容式及其应用[J].矿物学报,1987(4):345-352.LIU Bin,DUAN Guang-xian.The density and isochoric formulae for Na CI-H2O fluid inclusions(salinity<25wt%)and their applications[J].Acta Mineralogica Sinica,1987(4):345-352.
[30]刘斌,沈昆.流体包裹体热力学[M].北京:地质出版社,1999:171-248.LIU Bin,SHEN Kun.Thermal mechanics of fluid inclusion[M].Beijing:Geological Publishing House,1999:171-248.
[31]刘斌.中高盐度Na Cl-H2O包裹体的密度式和等容式及其应用[J].地质论评,2001,47(6):617-622.LIU Bin.Density and isochoric formula for Na Cl-H2Oinclusions with medium and high salinity and their applications[J].Geological Review,2001,47(6):617-622.
[32]Potter R W,Brown D L.The volumetric properties of aqueous sodium chloride solutions from 0 to 500℃at pressures up to 2000 bars based on a regression of available data in the literature[J].Modern Law Review,1977,1421(2):286-318.
[33]Hall D L,Sterner S M,Bodnar R J.Freezing point depression of Na Cl-KCl-H[J].Economic Geology,1988,83(1):197-202.
[34]Roedder E.Fluid inclusions-Reviews in mineralogy[J].Mineral Society of American,1984,12:644.
[35]Clayton R N,O'Neil J R,Mayeda T K.Oxygen isotope exchange between quartz and water[J].Journal of Geophysical Research,1972,77:3057-3067.
[36]Taylor H P.Oxygen and hydrogen isotope relationships in hydrothermal mineral deposits:doctor's degree thesis[D].New York:Geochemistry of Hydrothermal Ore Deposits,1997.
[37]Ohmoto,H.Sulfur and carbon isotopes[J].Geochemistry of Hydrothermal Ore Deposits,1997,1:517-612.
[38]Allegre C.Earth Science and History[J].Science,1988,242:1451-1452.
[39]毛景文,谢桂青,李晓峰,等.华南地区中生代大规模成矿作用与岩石圈多阶段伸展[J].地学前缘,2004,11(1):45-55.MAO Jing-wen,XIE Gui-qing,LI Xiao-feng,et al.Mesozoic large scale mineralization and multiple lithospheric extension in South China[J].Earth Science Frontiers,2004,11(1):45-55.