新疆少数民族小学生学习过程调查——表面过程与深层过程的作用差异
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摘要
对于双语教育背景下我国少数民族学生学习过程的实证研究尚不充分,本文采用分层抽样方法在新疆维吾尔自治区六年级小学生中进行调查,运用结构方程模型,考察了学习过程(表面策略、表面动机、深层策略、深层动机)与汉语和数学成绩间的关系,以及不同学习过程对学业成绩作用机制的差异。结果显示,表面学习过程和深层学习过程在性别、教学模式和家庭社会经济地位对汉语和数学成绩的影响中起到中介作用。建议双语教学应注重培养和激发学生的深层学习过程,并针对不同性别、不同社会家庭经济地位的学生调整教育教学办法,以进一步促进教育公平,提升教学质量。
Empirical researches on the learning process of ethnic students in China under the background of bilingual education are still insufficient. In this paper,a large-scaled survey was conducted among the sixth grade pupils in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region by using stratified sampling method.Structural equation model was used to investigate the relationship between learning process( including surface strategy,surface motivation,deep strategy and deep motivation) and the scores of Chinese and mathematics,as well as the effects of different learning processes on the mechanism of academic performance. The results show that the surface and deep learning processes mediate the influence of gender,teaching mode and family socio-economic status on Chinese and math performances. In the future,in bilingual teaching focus should be put on stimulating and cultivating students' deep learning process and increasing targeted teaching methods for students of different gender and socio-economic status,so as to further promote education fairness and teaching quality.
Empirical researches on the learning process of ethnic students in China under the background of bilingual education are still insufficient. In this paper,a large-scaled survey was conducted among the sixth grade pupils in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region by using stratified sampling method.Structural equation model was used to investigate the relationship between learning process( including surface strategy,surface motivation,deep strategy and deep motivation) and the scores of Chinese and mathematics,as well as the effects of different learning processes on the mechanism of academic performance. The results show that the surface and deep learning processes mediate the influence of gender,teaching mode and family socio-economic status on Chinese and math performances. In the future,in bilingual teaching focus should be put on stimulating and cultivating students' deep learning process and increasing targeted teaching methods for students of different gender and socio-economic status,so as to further promote education fairness and teaching quality.
引文
[1]子华明.民族地区双语教育模式的选择:系统理论视角下的反思[J].民族论坛,2017(4):107-112.
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[3]关辛秋.当前少数民族双语教育研究中值得重视的几个问题[J].民族教育研究,2011(4):81-88.
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[14]张婷.藏族小学生第二语言学习动机的影响因素研究---以甘南藏族自治州夏河县拉卜楞镇X小学为个案[D].兰州:西北师范大学硕士学位论文,2014.
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[17]阿布地莎,阿依丁,木尼拉.新疆伊犁地区哈维“实验班”数学教学调查研究[J].数学教育学报,2007(1):59-62.
[18]KIM J S,QUINN D M.The effects of summer reading on low income children's literacy achievement from kindergarten to grade 8:A metaanalysis of classroom and home interventions[J].Review of educational research,2013(3):386-431.
[19]REARDON S F,VALENTINO R A,KALOGRIDES D,et al.Patterns and trends in racial academic achievement gaps among states,1999-2011[Z].Unpublished working paper.Center for Education Policy Analysis,Stanford University,2013.
[20]SIRIN S R.Socioeconomic status and academic achievement:A meta-analytic review of research[J].Review of educational research,2005(3):417-453.
[21]BUTLER Y G.Parental factors in children’s motivation for learning English:A case in China[J].Research papers in education,2015(2):164-191.
[22]BUTLER Y G,LE V N.A longitudinal investigation of parental social-economic status(SES)and young students’learning of English as a foreign language[J].System,2018(73):4-15.
[23]康玥媛,张楠,王光明,等.高效率数学学习高中生数学成绩的影响路径[J].心理与行为研究,2016(3):352-359.
[2]胡艳明,韩宇轩.影响少数民族学生双语习得之环境因素探究[J].新疆社会科学(汉文版),2016(3):154-158.
[3]关辛秋.当前少数民族双语教育研究中值得重视的几个问题[J].民族教育研究,2011(4):81-88.
[4]MARTON F,SLJR.On qualitative differences in learning:I-outcome and process[J].British journal of educational psychology,1976(1):4-11.
[5]BIGGS J B.Learning process questionnaire manual.Student approaches to learning and studying[J].Foreign countries,1987:46.
[6]ALI S,KHAN H F.Impact of combined modular assessment on deep learning and personal development of medical students[J].Pakistan journal of medical sciences,2016(1):191.
[7]UZUNTARLA Y.Learning approach and trait anxiety on paramedic and nursing students[J].Australasian journal of paramedicine,2018(4):757-762.
[8]SADIKOGLU S,OKTAY S.Learning strategies of students studying Russian as a second foreign language,with relation to English as their first foreign language[J].Quality&quantity international journal of methodology,2018(5):2101-2109.
[9]李同吉,杜伟宇,吴庆麟.复杂陈述性知识学习过程中学习活动对学习成绩影响研究[J].心理科学,2009(4):980-982.
[10]周勇,董奇.学习动机、归因、自我效能感与学生自我监控学习行为的关系研究[J].心理发展与教育,1994(3):30-33.
[11]李燕芳,郑渝萍,董奇.小学生英语学习动机发展及教师教育行为对其的影响[J].中国特殊教育,2010(2):74-79.
[12]何清.楚雄农村地区彝族和汉族小学生英语学习动机比较研究[D].昆明:云南师范大学硕士学位论文,2016.
[13]张润杰,张亚伶,杨娜,等.研究生学习动机与学习策略研究---基于北京地区研究生的调查分析[J].学位与研究生教育,2015(7):57-62.
[14]张婷.藏族小学生第二语言学习动机的影响因素研究---以甘南藏族自治州夏河县拉卜楞镇X小学为个案[D].兰州:西北师范大学硕士学位论文,2014.
[15]HILLIARD R I.How do medical students learn:Medical student learning styles and factors that affect these learning styles[J].Teaching&learning in medicine,1995(4):201-210.
[16]津巴多,库布隆.雄性衰落[M].北京:北京联合出版公司,2016:84-85.
[17]阿布地莎,阿依丁,木尼拉.新疆伊犁地区哈维“实验班”数学教学调查研究[J].数学教育学报,2007(1):59-62.
[18]KIM J S,QUINN D M.The effects of summer reading on low income children's literacy achievement from kindergarten to grade 8:A metaanalysis of classroom and home interventions[J].Review of educational research,2013(3):386-431.
[19]REARDON S F,VALENTINO R A,KALOGRIDES D,et al.Patterns and trends in racial academic achievement gaps among states,1999-2011[Z].Unpublished working paper.Center for Education Policy Analysis,Stanford University,2013.
[20]SIRIN S R.Socioeconomic status and academic achievement:A meta-analytic review of research[J].Review of educational research,2005(3):417-453.
[21]BUTLER Y G.Parental factors in children’s motivation for learning English:A case in China[J].Research papers in education,2015(2):164-191.
[22]BUTLER Y G,LE V N.A longitudinal investigation of parental social-economic status(SES)and young students’learning of English as a foreign language[J].System,2018(73):4-15.
[23]康玥媛,张楠,王光明,等.高效率数学学习高中生数学成绩的影响路径[J].心理与行为研究,2016(3):352-359.