淹没射流垂直冲刷过程悬沙特性试验研究
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摘要
射流冲刷作为水库清淤手段已有较广泛的应用,冲刷过程中的悬沙特性是衡量清淤效果的重要指标,为此对淹没射流冲刷过程的悬沙特性开展了试验研究。改变射流速度和喷射靶距进行了系列二维平面射流冲刷粗沙的试验,摄录了不同射流参数下的悬沙高度和悬沙宽度的变化过程。结果显示,悬沙高度与悬沙宽度随时间变化会出现一个峰值,并最终在很小的范围内波动;悬沙高度与悬沙宽度随射流速度和喷射靶距的增加基本呈线性增加;随冲刷参数数值的增加,悬沙相对喷射靶距的无量纲尺寸呈线性增加。
Jet scouring is widely used as a means of reservoir dredging. The characteristics of suspended sediment in the scouring process are important indicators of dredging effect. Therefore, the suspended sediment characteristics of submerged jet scouring process are studied experimentally. A series of two-dimensional plane jet tests are carried out to scour coarse sand by changing jet velocity and target distance, and the variations of suspending height and width under different jet parameters are recorded. The results show that the suspending sizes have peak values and finally fluctuate in a small range. The sizes of suspended sediment increase linearly with the jet velocity and target distance. The dimensionless sizes of suspended sediment related to the target distance grow linearly when the scour parameter increasing.
Jet scouring is widely used as a means of reservoir dredging. The characteristics of suspended sediment in the scouring process are important indicators of dredging effect. Therefore, the suspended sediment characteristics of submerged jet scouring process are studied experimentally. A series of two-dimensional plane jet tests are carried out to scour coarse sand by changing jet velocity and target distance, and the variations of suspending height and width under different jet parameters are recorded. The results show that the suspending sizes have peak values and finally fluctuate in a small range. The sizes of suspended sediment increase linearly with the jet velocity and target distance. The dimensionless sizes of suspended sediment related to the target distance grow linearly when the scour parameter increasing.
引文
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[2] 范家骅.异重流与泥沙工程实验与设计[M].北京:中国水利水电出版社,2011.
[3] 史红玲,胡春宏,王延贵,等.黄河流域水沙变化趋势分析及原因探讨[J].人民黄河,2014,36(4):1-5.
[4] 陆宏圻,杨勇,何培杰,等.小浪底水库射流冲吸式清淤设备研究[J].人民黄河,2011,33(4):15-16.
[5] RAJARATNAM N,MAZUREK K A.Erosion of sand by circularimpinging water jets with small tailwater[J].Journal of Hy-draulic Engineering,2003,129(3):225-229.
[6] 齐梅兰,府仁寿,陈稚聪.射流冲刷平衡深度研究[J].水动力学研究与进展,2005,20(3):368-372.
[7] 槐文信,王增武,钱忠东,等.二维垂向射流沙质河床冲刷的数值模拟[J].中国科学:技术科学,2012(1):72-81.
[8] 张浩,倪福生,顾磊.某靶距下射流垂直冲刷坑深的实验研究[J].科学技术与工程,2014,14(2):238-240.
[9] 申振,徐立群,张浩,等.射流作用下不同沙床动态冲坑变化规律的试验研究[J].水资源与水工程学报,2015(2):182-185.
[10] 顾磊,倪福生,徐立群,等.垂直射流冲刷砂床的喷嘴间距试验研究[J].泥沙研究,2017,42(3):54-58.
[11] 刘思源.泥沙粒径及射流速度对沙床冲刷的影响[J].人民长江,2017,48(23):79-83.
[12] 王净浩.泥沙起动流速研究现状分析[J].科技创新导报,2014(27):32-36.
[13] 邹志利.海岸动力学[M].北京:人民交通出版社,2009.
[14] ADERIBIGBE O O,RAJARATNAM N.Erosion of loose beds by submerged circular impinging vertical turbulent jets[J].Journal of Hydraulic Research,1996,34(1):19-33.