分散性土蠕变特性试验研究
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摘要
采用三轴蠕变仪对宁木特水利枢纽工程黏土心墙的分散性土进行三轴固结排水试验,研究分散性土在不同初始条件下的蠕变变形规律,并获取蠕变模型及蠕变参数。试验结果表明,分散性土具有明显的非线性蠕变特征,蠕变过程可以分为瞬时弹塑性变形、衰减蠕变变形和稳定蠕变变形3个阶段;含水率、围压和偏应力水平对分散性土蠕变速率和蠕变量有显著的影响;应力-应变等时曲线具有明显的非线性特征。采用Singh-Mitchell蠕变模型和Mesri蠕变模型描述分散性土的蠕变特性,与试验数据对比表明,Mesri蠕变模型能够比较准确而方便地描述分散性土的蠕变特性,且模型具有参数少、适用性较强的特点。
The drained triaxial compression creep tests were conducted on the dispersive soil of Ningmute Hydraulic Project by using a stress triaxial creep meter to investigate the creep deformation law under different initial conditions and to develop a creep model and its parameters.Experimental results show that the dispersive soil is a typical creep material and its creep deformation characteristics are quite obvious.It experiences three creep stages which include instantaneous creep deformation,attenuation creep deformation and constant speed creep deformation.The data also indicate that the creep rate and creep magnitude of dispersive are significantly governed by the water content of soil,confining pressure and deviatoric stress level,and stress-strain curves exhibit obvious nonlinear.Mesri model and Singh-Mitchell model are employed to describe creep properties of dispersive soil.By comparing with experimental results,it is found that the creep properties of dispersive soil can be described more accurately and easily by Mesri model than Singh-Mitchell model.Moreover,Mesri model has the characteristic of less parameters and strong applicability.
The drained triaxial compression creep tests were conducted on the dispersive soil of Ningmute Hydraulic Project by using a stress triaxial creep meter to investigate the creep deformation law under different initial conditions and to develop a creep model and its parameters.Experimental results show that the dispersive soil is a typical creep material and its creep deformation characteristics are quite obvious.It experiences three creep stages which include instantaneous creep deformation,attenuation creep deformation and constant speed creep deformation.The data also indicate that the creep rate and creep magnitude of dispersive are significantly governed by the water content of soil,confining pressure and deviatoric stress level,and stress-strain curves exhibit obvious nonlinear.Mesri model and Singh-Mitchell model are employed to describe creep properties of dispersive soil.By comparing with experimental results,it is found that the creep properties of dispersive soil can be described more accurately and easily by Mesri model than Singh-Mitchell model.Moreover,Mesri model has the characteristic of less parameters and strong applicability.
引文
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[2]李振,周俊.防渗土样的分散性与渗透变形试验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2007,26(增刊1):3316-3321.LI Zhen,ZHOU Jun.Experimental study on dispersibility and filtration erosion of soil core wall[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2007,26(Supp.1):3316-3321.
[3]刘杰,缪良娟.分散性黏性土的抗渗特性[J].岩土工程学报,1987,9(2):90-97.LIU Jie,MIU Liang-juan.Impermeability characteristics of dispersive clay[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,1987,9(2):90-97.
[4]KHAN N U,RAO S,KHITOLIYA R K.Meeting the challenges for river valley projects with dispersive soil as construction material[J].Journal of the Institution of Engineers(India):Civil Engineering Division,2001,82(12):136-138.
[5]PHILLIPS J T.Case histories of repairs and designs for dams built with dispersive clay[C]//SHERARD J L,DECKER R S.Dispersive Clays Related Piping and Erosion in Geotechnical Projects.[S.1.]:American Society for Testing and Material,1977:330-340.
[6]樊恒辉,高明霞,李鹏,等.某大坝心墙土料分散性试验研究[J].岩土工程学报,2003,25(5):615-618.FAN Heng-hui,GAO Ming-xia,LI Peng,et al.Study on the dispersive clay of the core wall of a dam[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2003,25(5):615-618.
[7]高明霞,李鹏,王国栋,等.南坪水库筑坝土料分散机理及原因分析[J].岩土工程学报,2009,31(8):1303-1308.GAO Ming-xia,LI Peng,WANG Guo-dong,et al.Mechanism and reason of dispersivity of dam soil in Nanping Reservoir[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2009,31(8):1303-1308.
[8]王观平.分散性黏土的分散机理分析[J].人民黄河,1989,11(4):24-27.WANG Guan-ping.Analysis of dispersion mechanize of a dispersed clay soil[J].Yellow River,1989,11(4):24-27.
[9]钱家欢.分散性土作为坝料的一些问题[J].岩土工程学报,1981,3(1):94-100.QIAN Jia-huan.Some problems of dispersive clay as dam material[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,1981,3(1):94-100.
[10]樊恒辉,赵高文,路立娜,等.分散性土的综合判别准则与针孔试验方法的改进[J].水力发电学报,2013,32(1):248-262.FAN Heng-hui,ZHAO Gao-wen,LU Li-na,et al.Comprehensive criterion of dispersive soil and improvement of pinhole test[J].Journal of Hydroelectric Engineering,2013,32(1):248-262.
[11]樊恒辉,吴普特,李鹏,等.分散性黏土判别试验研究[J].岩土工程学报,2005,27(11):1310-1316.FAN Heng-hui,WU Pu-te,LI Peng,et al.Study on identification of dispersive clay soils[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2005,27(11):1310-1316.
[12]党进谦,马晓婷,孙仲林,等.分散性对心墙土料裂缝冲刷影响的试验研究[J].水利学报,2012,43(9):1103-1107.DANG Jin-qian,MA Xiao-ting,SUN Zhong-lin,et al.Experimental study on influence of dispersion on the crack washout of the core wall material[J].Journal of Hydraulic Engineering,2012,43(9):1103-1107.
[13]王志兵,汪稔,胡明鉴,等.颗粒运移对蒋家沟土体渗透性影响的试验研究[J].岩土力学,2011,32(7):2017-2024.WANG Zhi-bing,WANG Ren,HU Ming-jian,et al.Effects of particle transport characteristics on permeability of soils from Jiangjiagou ravine[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2011,32(7):2017-2024.
[14]樊恒辉,孔令伟,郭敏霞,等.文家沟水库筑坝土料分散性和抗渗性能试验[J].岩土工程学报,2009,31(3):458-463.FAN Heng-hui,KONG Ling-wei,GUO Min-xia,et al.Dispersivity and impermeability of dam soil in Wenjiagou Reservoir[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2009,31(3):458-463.
[15]邓铭江,周小兵,万金平,等.“635”水利枢纽大坝心墙防渗土料分散性鉴定及改性试验研究[J].岩土工程学报,2000,22(6):673-677.DENG Ming-jiang,ZHOU Xiao-bing,WAN Jin-ping,et al.Dispersion appraisal and modification analyses of the impervious soil materials for the core wall of the dam of"635"water control project[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2000,22(6):673-677.
[16]赵高文,樊恒辉,陈华,等.基于黏性土分散机制的分散性土化学改性研究[J].岩土力学,2013,34(增刊2):210-228.ZHAO Gao-wen,FAN Heng-hui,CHEN Hua,et al.Study of chemical modification of dispersive clay based on mechanism of dispersivity of cohesive soil[J].Rock and SoU Mechanics,2013,34(Supp.2):210-228.
[17]王中妮,樊恒辉,贺智强,等.分散性土改性剂对土的分散性和抗拉强度的影响[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2015,34(2):1-8.WANG Zhong-ni,FAN Heng-hui,HE Zhi-qiang,et al.Influence of modifies on dispersity and tensile strength of dispersive clay[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2015,34(2):1-8.
[18]SINGH A,MITCHELL J K.General stress-strain-time function for soils[J].Journal of the SoU Mechanics&Foundations Division,1969,94(1):21-46.
[19]MESRI G,FEBRES-CORDERO E,SHIELDS D R,et al.Shear stress-strain-time behavior of clays[J].Geotechnique,1981,31(4):537-552.
[20]中华人民共和国水利部.GB/T50123-1999土工试验方法标准[S].北京:中国计划出版社,1999.The Ministry of Water Resources of the People's Republic of China.GB/T50123-1999,Specification of soil test[S].Beijing:China Planning Press,1999.
[21]刘雄.岩石流变学概论[M].北京:地质出版社,1994.LIU Xiong.An introduction to rock rheology[M].Beijing:Geological Publishing House,1994.
[22]骆亚生.非饱和黄土在动、静复杂应力条件下的结构变化特性及结构性本构关系研究[博士论文D].西安:西安理工大学,2003.LUO Ya-sheng.Variation characteristics of soil structure and structural constitutive relation of unsaturated loess under static and dynamic complex stress conditions[D].Xi'an:Xi'an University of Technology,2003.
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