青藏高原地区青稞茎基腐病病原菌的群体遗传多样性、毒素化学型及其地理分布
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摘要
为明确青藏高原沿线甘肃省甘南藏族自治州和青海省青稞茎基腐病燕麦镰孢菌Fusarium avenaceum的群体遗传多样性、毒素化学型及其地理分布,采用SSR分子标记法对6个地理种群91株燕麦镰孢菌菌株的遗传多样性进行分析。结果表明,6对SSR引物在91株燕麦镰孢菌中共检测到等位位点数14个,多态性位点数13个,多态性条带百分率为92.86%。6个地理种群的平均等位基因数为1.82,有效等位基因数为1.55,Nei’s基因多样性指数为0.32,Shannon信息指数为0.47,多态性位点数为11.50,多态位点百分率为82.15%。6个地理种群的Nei’s遗传相似度为0.83～0.99,遗传距离为0.01～0.18。种群间的遗传距离和地理距离、遗传相似度与海拔差距无显著相关性。燕麦镰孢菌地理种群聚为3个大类群,Group Ⅰ由甘肃省临潭县、合作市和卓尼县种群组成,Group Ⅱ由青海省互助土族自治县和刚察县种群组成,Group Ⅲ由青海省海晏县种群组成。燕麦镰孢菌种群的遗传变异主要来自种群内部,占总变异的93.63%。燕麦镰孢菌毒素化学型分为NIV、DON、3-AcDON三大类,没有15-AcDON毒素化学型,其中DON毒素化学型在6个地理种群中均有分布。表明燕麦镰孢菌地理种群的遗传多样性高。
In order to identify the genetic diversity, toxin chemical types and geographical population distribution of Fusarium avenaceum in Gansu and Qinghai provinces along Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, 91 F.avenaceum strains were used as materials. The genetic diversity of six geographical populations was analyzed with SSR molecular markers. The results showed that 14 alleles and 13 polymorphic loci were detected in 91 strains by using SSR primers, and the percentage of polymorphic bands was 92.86%. The number of alleles in six geographical populations was 1.82; the effective number of alleles was 1.55;the Nei's diversity index, Shannon information index, the number of polymorphic sites and the percentage of polymorphic loci were 0.32, 0.47,11.50 and 82.15, respectively. The Nei's genetic similarity and genetic distance of six populations were 0.83-0.99 and 0.01-0.18, respectively. There was no significant correlation between genetic distance and geographic distance, genetic similarity and altitude gap among populations. F. avenaceum could be divided into three groups, Group Ⅰ was composed of Lintan County, Hezuo City and Zhuoni County, Gansu Province, and Group Ⅱ was composed of Huzhu Tu Autonomous County and Gangcha County, Qinghai Province, and Group Ⅲ was composed of Haiyan County, Qinghai Province. The genetic variation of F. avenaceum species mainly came from within the population, accounting for 93.63% of the total. The toxin chemical types of F. avenaceum were divided into three groups, NIV, DON and 3-AcDON, and there was not 15-AcDON. DON was distributed in six geographical populations. The results indicated that the population genetic diversity was high.
In order to identify the genetic diversity, toxin chemical types and geographical population distribution of Fusarium avenaceum in Gansu and Qinghai provinces along Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, 91 F.avenaceum strains were used as materials. The genetic diversity of six geographical populations was analyzed with SSR molecular markers. The results showed that 14 alleles and 13 polymorphic loci were detected in 91 strains by using SSR primers, and the percentage of polymorphic bands was 92.86%. The number of alleles in six geographical populations was 1.82; the effective number of alleles was 1.55;the Nei's diversity index, Shannon information index, the number of polymorphic sites and the percentage of polymorphic loci were 0.32, 0.47,11.50 and 82.15, respectively. The Nei's genetic similarity and genetic distance of six populations were 0.83-0.99 and 0.01-0.18, respectively. There was no significant correlation between genetic distance and geographic distance, genetic similarity and altitude gap among populations. F. avenaceum could be divided into three groups, Group Ⅰ was composed of Lintan County, Hezuo City and Zhuoni County, Gansu Province, and Group Ⅱ was composed of Huzhu Tu Autonomous County and Gangcha County, Qinghai Province, and Group Ⅲ was composed of Haiyan County, Qinghai Province. The genetic variation of F. avenaceum species mainly came from within the population, accounting for 93.63% of the total. The toxin chemical types of F. avenaceum were divided into three groups, NIV, DON and 3-AcDON, and there was not 15-AcDON. DON was distributed in six geographical populations. The results indicated that the population genetic diversity was high.
引文
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Jennings P,Coates ME,Turner JA,Chandler EA,Nicholson P.2004.Determination of deoxynivalenol and nivalenol chemotypes of Fusarium culmorum isolates from England and Wales by PCR assays.Plant Pathology,53(2):182-190
Li HP,Wu AB,Zhao CS,Scholten O,L?ffler H,Liao YC.2005.Development of ageneric PCR detection of deoxynivalenol and nivalenol chemotypes of Fusarium graminearum.FEMS Microbiology Letters,243(2):505-511
Li XP.2017.Naked barley root rot diseases and influence on its rhizosphere microecology in Qinghai-Tibet Plateau,China.Ph.D Thesis.Lanzhou:Gansu Agricultural University(in Chinese)[李雪萍.2017.青藏高原青稞根腐类病害及其对根际土壤微生态的影响.博士学位论文.兰州:甘肃农业大学]
Liu YG,Qi YH,Li HX,Guo MK,LüHP,Zhang JL,He CG.2010.Genetic similarity of Myzus persicae from different geographical populations in Gansu Province.Scientia Agricultura Sinica,43(15):3134-3142(in Chinese)[刘永刚,漆永红,李惠霞,郭满库,吕和平,张俊莲,贺春贵.2010.甘肃不同地理种群桃蚜的遗传相似性.中国农业科学,43(15):3134-3142]
Ma YT,Liu TG,Wen CY,Liu B,Gao L,Chen WQ.2019.Determination and contamination of Fusariummy cotoxins in different wheat planting regions of China.Journal of Plant Protection,46(2):257-265(in Chinese)[马玉彤,刘太国,文才艺,刘博,高利,陈万权.2019.我国不同麦区小麦镰刀菌毒素检测及毒素污染分析.植物保护学报,46(2):257-265]
Mishra P,Fox RTV,Culham A.2003.Inter-simple sequence repeat and aggressiveness analyses revealed high genetic diversity,recombination and long-range dispersal in Fusarium culmorum.Annals of Applied Biology,143(3):291-301
Mishra PK,Tewari JP,Clear RM,Turkington TK.2004.Molecular genetic variation and geographical structuring in Fusarium graminearum.Annals of Applied Biology,145(3):299-307
Mishra PK,Tewari JP,Clear RM,Turkington TK.2006.Genetic diversity and recombination within populations of Fusarium pseudograminearum from western Canada.International Microbiology,9(1):65-68
Nielsen LK,Cook DJ,Edwards SG,Ray RV.2014.The prevalence and impact of Fusarium head blight pathogens and mycotoxins on malting barley quality in UK.International Journal of Food Microbiology,179:38-49
Scott JB,Chakraborty S.2010.Genotypic diversity in Fusarium pseudograminearum populations in Australian wheat fields.Plant Pathology,59(2):338-347
Shi GY,Zeng Q,Zhou WL,Lai HM,Nong ZM,Cen ZL,Hu CJ.2017.Genetic diversity of Ralstonia solanacearum isolated from tobacco in Baise,Guangxi.Journal of Southern Agriculture,48(5):825-830(in Chinese)[史国英,曾泉,周文亮,赖洪敏,农泽梅,岑贞陆,胡春锦.2017.广西百色烟区烟草青枯病菌的遗传多样性分析.南方农业学报,48(5):825-830]
Shi WQ,Yang LJ,Feng J,Zhang X,Zeng FS,Xiang LB,Wang H,Yu DZ.2011.Analysis on the population structure of Fusarium pathogenic spp.and its mycotoxin chemotypes in Fusarium head blight epidemic region.Acta Phytopathologica Sinica,41(5):486-494(in Chinese)[史文琦,杨立军,冯洁,张旭,曾凡松,向礼波,汪华,喻大昭.2011.小麦赤霉病流行区镰刀菌致病种及毒素化学型分析.植物病理学报,41(5):486-494]
Si EJ,Yang SL,Li BC,Ma XL,Wang SR,Wang HJ.2017.Pathogenic analysis,rDNA-ITS and genetic diversity of Pyrenophora garminea in Gansu Province.Journal of Plant Protection,44(1):84-92(in Chinese)[司二静,杨淑莲,李葆春,马小乐,王生荣,王化俊.2017.甘肃省大麦条纹病病原菌致病力分化、rDNA-ITS及遗传多样性分析.植物保护学报,44(1):84-92]
Sun H,Guo N,Shi J,Zhang HJ,Ma HX,Liu SS.2017.Characterization of the maize ear rot pathogens and genetic diversity analysis of dominant species in Hainan.Acta Phytopathologica Sinica,47(5):577-583(in Chinese)[孙华,郭宁,石洁,张海剑,马红霞,刘树森.2017.海南玉米穗腐病病原菌分离鉴定及优势种的遗传多样性分析.植物病理学报,47(5):577-583]
Thangavelu R,Kumar KM,Devi PG,Mustaffa MM.2012.Genetic diversity of Fusarium oxysporum f.sp.cubense isolates(Foc)of India by inter simple sequence repeats(ISSR)analysis.Molecular Biotechnology,51(3):203-211
Wang JM,Li RQ,Chang YD,He R,Li XF,Xu YM,Gao JM.2011.ISSR analysis of genetic diversity of Fusarium oxysporum and F.redolens.Acta Phytopathologica Sinica,41(4):337-344(in Chinese)[王建明,李蕊倩,畅引东,何瑞,李新风,徐玉梅,高俊明.2011.尖孢镰孢菌及芬芳镰孢菌遗传多样性的ISSR分析.植物病理学报,41(4):337-344]
Wang L,Zuo SM,Zhang YF,Chen ZX,Huang SW,Pan XB.2015.SSR analysis of population genetic structure of rice sheath blight causing agent Rhizoctonia solani AG1-IA collected from eight provinces(autonomous region)in southern China.Scientia Agricultura Sinica,48(13):2538-2548(in Chinese)[王玲,左示敏,张亚芳,陈宗祥,黄世文,潘学彪.2015.中国南方八省(自治区)水稻纹枯病菌群体遗传结构的SSR分析.中国农业科学,48(13):2538-2548]
Yu L,Zou L,Chen XL,Gao LL,Huang Q,Chen HR.2011.Genetic diversity analysis of Ceratocystis fimbriata strains isolated from China.Acta Phytopathologica Sinica,41(4):345-351(in Chinese)[余磊,邹琳,陈小龙,高玲玲,黄琼,陈海如.2011.石榴枯萎病菌的遗传多样性研究.植物病理学报,41(4):345-351]
Zhang H,Zhang X,Pu JJ,Qi YX,Lu Y,Yu QF,Zhang HQ,Xie YX.2015.Genetic diversity analysis of Fusarium oxysporum f.sp.cubense populations from China using inter-simple sequence repeats-PCR(ISSR-PCR)technique.Acta Microbiologica Sinica,55(6):691-699(in Chinese)[张贺,张欣,蒲金基,漆艳香,陆英,喻群芳,张辉强,谢艺贤.2015.利用ISSR-PCR技术分析香蕉枯萎病菌的遗传多样性.微生物学报,55(6):691-699]
Chen ZD,Yuan GQ,Li QQ,Qin J,Jiang YQ,Huang RK.2014.Identification and genetic diversity of Fusarium oxysporum isolates from bitter gourd.Acta Phytopathologica Sinica,44(1):36-45(in Chinese)[陈振东,袁高庆,黎起秦,秦健,蒋雅琴,黄如葵.2014.苦瓜枯萎病菌的鉴定及其遗传多样性分析.植物病理学报,44(1):36-45]
Dinolfo MI,Casta?ares E,Stenglein SA.2014.Characterization of a Fusarium poae world-wide collection by using molecular markers.European Journal of Plant Pathology,140(1):119-132
Hao LF,Song PL,Li ZQ,Huangfu HY,Li QS.2014.Genetic diversity of phoma stem canker pathogen Leptosphaeria biglobosa by ISSR.Chinese Journal of Oil Crop Sciences,36(1):98-105(in Chinese)[郝丽芬,宋培玲,李子钦,皇甫海燕,李强生.2014.ISSR标记分析油菜黑胫病原菌遗传多样性.中国油料作物学报,36(1):98-105]
He XL,Zhou HF,Yuan HX,Shi Y,Sun BJ,Li HL.2016.Genetic diversity of Fusarium pseudograminearum collected from Henan and Hebei winter wheat regions.Scientia Agricultura Sinica,49(2):272-281(in Chinese)[贺小伦,周海峰,袁虹霞,施艳,孙炳剑,李洪连.2016.河南和河北冬小麦区假禾谷镰孢的遗传多样性.中国农业科学,49(2):272-281]
Hou WH,Wang JL,Dan B,Hu D.2017.Phenotypic correlation analysis of hullessbarley kernel traits form Tibet plateau region under the condition of different ecological environment.Journal of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences,31(10):2063-2071(in Chinese)[侯维海,王建林,旦巴,胡单.2017.不同生态因子条件下西藏青稞种子表型性状的相关分析.核农学报,31(10):2063-2071]
Jennings P,Coates ME,Turner JA,Chandler EA,Nicholson P.2004.Determination of deoxynivalenol and nivalenol chemotypes of Fusarium culmorum isolates from England and Wales by PCR assays.Plant Pathology,53(2):182-190
Li HP,Wu AB,Zhao CS,Scholten O,L?ffler H,Liao YC.2005.Development of ageneric PCR detection of deoxynivalenol and nivalenol chemotypes of Fusarium graminearum.FEMS Microbiology Letters,243(2):505-511
Li XP.2017.Naked barley root rot diseases and influence on its rhizosphere microecology in Qinghai-Tibet Plateau,China.Ph.D Thesis.Lanzhou:Gansu Agricultural University(in Chinese)[李雪萍.2017.青藏高原青稞根腐类病害及其对根际土壤微生态的影响.博士学位论文.兰州:甘肃农业大学]
Liu YG,Qi YH,Li HX,Guo MK,LüHP,Zhang JL,He CG.2010.Genetic similarity of Myzus persicae from different geographical populations in Gansu Province.Scientia Agricultura Sinica,43(15):3134-3142(in Chinese)[刘永刚,漆永红,李惠霞,郭满库,吕和平,张俊莲,贺春贵.2010.甘肃不同地理种群桃蚜的遗传相似性.中国农业科学,43(15):3134-3142]
Ma YT,Liu TG,Wen CY,Liu B,Gao L,Chen WQ.2019.Determination and contamination of Fusariummy cotoxins in different wheat planting regions of China.Journal of Plant Protection,46(2):257-265(in Chinese)[马玉彤,刘太国,文才艺,刘博,高利,陈万权.2019.我国不同麦区小麦镰刀菌毒素检测及毒素污染分析.植物保护学报,46(2):257-265]
Mishra P,Fox RTV,Culham A.2003.Inter-simple sequence repeat and aggressiveness analyses revealed high genetic diversity,recombination and long-range dispersal in Fusarium culmorum.Annals of Applied Biology,143(3):291-301
Mishra PK,Tewari JP,Clear RM,Turkington TK.2004.Molecular genetic variation and geographical structuring in Fusarium graminearum.Annals of Applied Biology,145(3):299-307
Mishra PK,Tewari JP,Clear RM,Turkington TK.2006.Genetic diversity and recombination within populations of Fusarium pseudograminearum from western Canada.International Microbiology,9(1):65-68
Nielsen LK,Cook DJ,Edwards SG,Ray RV.2014.The prevalence and impact of Fusarium head blight pathogens and mycotoxins on malting barley quality in UK.International Journal of Food Microbiology,179:38-49
Scott JB,Chakraborty S.2010.Genotypic diversity in Fusarium pseudograminearum populations in Australian wheat fields.Plant Pathology,59(2):338-347
Shi GY,Zeng Q,Zhou WL,Lai HM,Nong ZM,Cen ZL,Hu CJ.2017.Genetic diversity of Ralstonia solanacearum isolated from tobacco in Baise,Guangxi.Journal of Southern Agriculture,48(5):825-830(in Chinese)[史国英,曾泉,周文亮,赖洪敏,农泽梅,岑贞陆,胡春锦.2017.广西百色烟区烟草青枯病菌的遗传多样性分析.南方农业学报,48(5):825-830]
Shi WQ,Yang LJ,Feng J,Zhang X,Zeng FS,Xiang LB,Wang H,Yu DZ.2011.Analysis on the population structure of Fusarium pathogenic spp.and its mycotoxin chemotypes in Fusarium head blight epidemic region.Acta Phytopathologica Sinica,41(5):486-494(in Chinese)[史文琦,杨立军,冯洁,张旭,曾凡松,向礼波,汪华,喻大昭.2011.小麦赤霉病流行区镰刀菌致病种及毒素化学型分析.植物病理学报,41(5):486-494]
Si EJ,Yang SL,Li BC,Ma XL,Wang SR,Wang HJ.2017.Pathogenic analysis,rDNA-ITS and genetic diversity of Pyrenophora garminea in Gansu Province.Journal of Plant Protection,44(1):84-92(in Chinese)[司二静,杨淑莲,李葆春,马小乐,王生荣,王化俊.2017.甘肃省大麦条纹病病原菌致病力分化、rDNA-ITS及遗传多样性分析.植物保护学报,44(1):84-92]
Sun H,Guo N,Shi J,Zhang HJ,Ma HX,Liu SS.2017.Characterization of the maize ear rot pathogens and genetic diversity analysis of dominant species in Hainan.Acta Phytopathologica Sinica,47(5):577-583(in Chinese)[孙华,郭宁,石洁,张海剑,马红霞,刘树森.2017.海南玉米穗腐病病原菌分离鉴定及优势种的遗传多样性分析.植物病理学报,47(5):577-583]
Thangavelu R,Kumar KM,Devi PG,Mustaffa MM.2012.Genetic diversity of Fusarium oxysporum f.sp.cubense isolates(Foc)of India by inter simple sequence repeats(ISSR)analysis.Molecular Biotechnology,51(3):203-211
Wang JM,Li RQ,Chang YD,He R,Li XF,Xu YM,Gao JM.2011.ISSR analysis of genetic diversity of Fusarium oxysporum and F.redolens.Acta Phytopathologica Sinica,41(4):337-344(in Chinese)[王建明,李蕊倩,畅引东,何瑞,李新风,徐玉梅,高俊明.2011.尖孢镰孢菌及芬芳镰孢菌遗传多样性的ISSR分析.植物病理学报,41(4):337-344]
Wang L,Zuo SM,Zhang YF,Chen ZX,Huang SW,Pan XB.2015.SSR analysis of population genetic structure of rice sheath blight causing agent Rhizoctonia solani AG1-IA collected from eight provinces(autonomous region)in southern China.Scientia Agricultura Sinica,48(13):2538-2548(in Chinese)[王玲,左示敏,张亚芳,陈宗祥,黄世文,潘学彪.2015.中国南方八省(自治区)水稻纹枯病菌群体遗传结构的SSR分析.中国农业科学,48(13):2538-2548]
Yu L,Zou L,Chen XL,Gao LL,Huang Q,Chen HR.2011.Genetic diversity analysis of Ceratocystis fimbriata strains isolated from China.Acta Phytopathologica Sinica,41(4):345-351(in Chinese)[余磊,邹琳,陈小龙,高玲玲,黄琼,陈海如.2011.石榴枯萎病菌的遗传多样性研究.植物病理学报,41(4):345-351]
Zhang H,Zhang X,Pu JJ,Qi YX,Lu Y,Yu QF,Zhang HQ,Xie YX.2015.Genetic diversity analysis of Fusarium oxysporum f.sp.cubense populations from China using inter-simple sequence repeats-PCR(ISSR-PCR)technique.Acta Microbiologica Sinica,55(6):691-699(in Chinese)[张贺,张欣,蒲金基,漆艳香,陆英,喻群芳,张辉强,谢艺贤.2015.利用ISSR-PCR技术分析香蕉枯萎病菌的遗传多样性.微生物学报,55(6):691-699]