木醋液对玉米大斑病菌的抑制作用
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摘要
为探索玉米大斑病的生物防治方法,分析了不同质量浓度木醋液对玉米大斑病菌菌丝生长、菌丝形态和分生孢子萌发的抑制作用。结果发现,当木醋液质量浓度为25. 25 mg/m L时,对玉米大斑病菌菌株11-07D菌丝生长的抑制率为100%,菌丝表现为无生长。质量浓度高于15. 15 mg/m L的木醋液处理后,菌丝分枝数和细胞内空洞数明显增加,少数菌丝出现畸形。木醋液质量浓度为10. 10 mg/m L时,病菌在液体培养基内的生长受到显著抑制,木醋液质量浓度超过15. 15 mg/m L时,液体培养生物量降低了93%以上。另外,试验还发现木醋液对玉米大斑病菌孢子萌发具有明显抑制作用,25. 25 mg/m L木醋液处理对分生孢子萌发的抑制率可达90. 4%。以上研究结果表明,木醋液有可能成为防治玉米大斑病的一种新型高效抑菌剂。
In order to explore the biological control methods of northern corn leaf blight,the inhibition effects of different concentrations of wood vinegar on the hypha growth,hypha morphology and conidial germination of Setosphaeria turcica were analyzed in this paper. The results showed that there was no hypha growth of S. turcica isolate 11-07 D and the inhibition rate came to 100% at the wood vinegar concentration of 25. 25 mg/m L. After the treatment of wood vinegar at a concentration of more than 15. 15 mg/m L,the number of hypha branches and cell cavity significantly increased and there were some deformed hyphae. The hypha growth in the liquid medium was significantly inhibited at the wood vinegar concentration of 10. 10 mg/m L. The hypha biomass in the liquid medium decreased over 93% when the wood vinegar concentration was above 15. 15 mg/m L. It was also found that wood vinegar had obvious inhibition on the conidium germination of S. turcica,and the inhibition rate of conidium germination could reach90. 4% at the wood vinegar concentration of 25. 25 mg/m L. The above results demonstrated that the wood vinegar could be a new effective fungistatic agent for the control of northern corn leaf blight.
In order to explore the biological control methods of northern corn leaf blight,the inhibition effects of different concentrations of wood vinegar on the hypha growth,hypha morphology and conidial germination of Setosphaeria turcica were analyzed in this paper. The results showed that there was no hypha growth of S. turcica isolate 11-07 D and the inhibition rate came to 100% at the wood vinegar concentration of 25. 25 mg/m L. After the treatment of wood vinegar at a concentration of more than 15. 15 mg/m L,the number of hypha branches and cell cavity significantly increased and there were some deformed hyphae. The hypha growth in the liquid medium was significantly inhibited at the wood vinegar concentration of 10. 10 mg/m L. The hypha biomass in the liquid medium decreased over 93% when the wood vinegar concentration was above 15. 15 mg/m L. It was also found that wood vinegar had obvious inhibition on the conidium germination of S. turcica,and the inhibition rate of conidium germination could reach90. 4% at the wood vinegar concentration of 25. 25 mg/m L. The above results demonstrated that the wood vinegar could be a new effective fungistatic agent for the control of northern corn leaf blight.
引文
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[19]薛桂新,黄世臣,宋益冬.木醋液对桃黑根霉抑菌作用和对久保桃保鲜效果的研究[J].延边大学农学学报,2013,35(2):123-130.
[20]李维蛟,李强,胡先奇.木醋液的杀线活性及对根结线虫病的防治效果研究[J].中国农业科学,2009,42(11):4120-4126.
[21]孙剑华,陈永宁,沈晓昆.辣椒卷叶灵加竹醋液防治辣椒病毒病药效试验[J].农业装备技术,2006,32(1):35.
[2]王海英,曹宏颖.农林废弃物木醋液抑菌机理进展[J].安徽农业科学,2014,42(3):741-742,839.
[3]尉芹,马希汉,郑滔.核桃壳木醋液的制取、成分分析及抑菌试验[J].农业工程学报,2008,24(7):276-279.
[4]毛巧芝,赵忠,马希汉,等.苦杏壳木醋液抑菌活性和化学成分分析[J].农业机械学报,2010,41(2):164-170.
[5]李晓光,董本春,王晓蔷,等.玉米种质对玉米大斑病的抗性鉴定与评价[J].安徽农业科学,2018,46(16):141-142,148.
[6]郑飞,崔亚坤,王森,等.玉米大斑病抗性育种研究进展与展望[J].安徽农业科学,2018,46(4):15-18.
[7]史冠昭,翟梅枝,毛光瑞,等. 2种核桃壳木醋液的化学组成及抑菌活性研究[J].西北植物学报,2014,34(10):2109-2117.
[8]李爱华,岳思君,马海滨.真菌孢子三种计数方法相关性的探讨[J].微生物学杂志,2006,26(2):107-110.
[9]张新春,黄荣辉. 1种使孢子快速萌发的好方法[J].中国瓜菜,2008,21(6):40-41.
[10] MUHAMMAD S L,LIU Y,LI L,et al. Effects of amendment of biochar manure compost in conjunction with pyroligneous solution on soil quality and wheat yield of a salt-stressed cropland from central China great plain[J].Field Crops Research,2013,144(3):113-118.
[11]王文杰,贺海升,祖元刚,等.施加改良剂对重度盐碱地盐碱动态及杨树生长的影响[J].生态学报,2009,29(5):2272-2278.
[12]常青,王永亮,张强,等.木醋液对茄子种子发芽的促进作用[J].山西农业科学,2018,46(8):1269-1273.
[13]丰明晓,廉玉姬,张华.木醋液的植物生长调节剂特性的分子机理研究[J].天然产物研究与开发,2014,60(8):1261-1266,1326.
[14]姚玲,王东东,谢民争,等.施用木醋液对猕猴桃品质的影响研究[J].陕西农业科学,2014,60(9):19-21.
[15]何文君.不同木醋液生物活性的比较研究[D].杨凌:西北农林科技大学,2010.
[16]段晓玲,王海英,刘志明,等.农林废弃物干馏产物木醋液的抑菌活性[J].西南农业学报,2016,29(2):425-429.
[17]李燕,张玉凤,林海涛,等.木醋液对小麦根腐病致病菌及小麦发芽的影响[J].山东农业科学,2017,49(4):96-99,111.
[18]马骏,刘霞,王洪洋,等.木醋液对马铃薯晚疫病菌的抑制作用[J].中国马铃薯,2011,25(5):306-308.
[19]薛桂新,黄世臣,宋益冬.木醋液对桃黑根霉抑菌作用和对久保桃保鲜效果的研究[J].延边大学农学学报,2013,35(2):123-130.
[20]李维蛟,李强,胡先奇.木醋液的杀线活性及对根结线虫病的防治效果研究[J].中国农业科学,2009,42(11):4120-4126.
[21]孙剑华,陈永宁,沈晓昆.辣椒卷叶灵加竹醋液防治辣椒病毒病药效试验[J].农业装备技术,2006,32(1):35.