废弃电路板中金的浸取研究
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摘要
为回收电子废弃物中的贵金属金,先对废弃电路板进行破碎、焚烧得到灰渣,用原子吸收法对灰渣中的金等元素进行测定;然后用盐酸和硝酸对灰渣中的贱金属进行溶解,用盐酸和氯酸钠对金进行溶解;最后用X-射线光电能谱对粉末金进行分析。结果发现,电路板灰渣中金、铅、镉、铬的平均含量分别为0.097 2、5.164 9、0.003 9和0.099 7 mg/g;盐酸和氯酸钠浓度越高,金的提取率越高;当盐酸浓度和氯酸钠浓度分别为3.0 mol/L和12 g/L时,粉末金的提取率为71.40%;粉末金中含有大量纯金和少量主要为SiO_2的杂质。
In order to recover the precious metal gold in the electronic waste, the waste circuit board was firstly broken and burned to get the ash residue, and the gold and other elements in the ash residue were determined by atomic absorption method. Then hydrochloric acid and nitric acid were used to dissolve the base metal in the ash residue, and hydrochloric acid and sodium chlorate were used to dissolve the gold. Finally, the powder gold was analyzed by X-ray photoelectric spectroscopy. The results show that the average contents of gold, lead, cadmium and chromium in the board slag are 0.0972, 5.1649, 0.0039 and 0.099 7 mg/g, respectively. The higher the concentration of hydrochloric acid and sodium chlorate,the higher the extraction rate of gold. When the concentration of hydrochloric acid and sodium chlorate is 3.0 mol/L and 12 g/L respectively, the extraction rate of gold powder is 71.40%. Powder gold contains a large amount of pure gold and a small amount of impurities mainly SiO_2.
In order to recover the precious metal gold in the electronic waste, the waste circuit board was firstly broken and burned to get the ash residue, and the gold and other elements in the ash residue were determined by atomic absorption method. Then hydrochloric acid and nitric acid were used to dissolve the base metal in the ash residue, and hydrochloric acid and sodium chlorate were used to dissolve the gold. Finally, the powder gold was analyzed by X-ray photoelectric spectroscopy. The results show that the average contents of gold, lead, cadmium and chromium in the board slag are 0.0972, 5.1649, 0.0039 and 0.099 7 mg/g, respectively. The higher the concentration of hydrochloric acid and sodium chlorate,the higher the extraction rate of gold. When the concentration of hydrochloric acid and sodium chlorate is 3.0 mol/L and 12 g/L respectively, the extraction rate of gold powder is 71.40%. Powder gold contains a large amount of pure gold and a small amount of impurities mainly SiO_2.
引文
[1]王超虹.废旧家电逆向物流运作模式选择研究[D],太原:中北大学,2014.
[2]Li Jinhui,Tian Baoguo,Liu Tongzhou,et al.Status quo of e-waste management in mainland China[J].Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management,2006,8(1):13-20.
[3]姚蕾.微波辅助浸取废弃电路板中铅锡锑[D].昆明:昆明理工大学,2015.
[4]刘洋成.电子废弃物粗放拆解对重金属和溴系阻燃剂迁移特性的影响研究[D].上海:华东理工大学,2014.
[5]Petter P M H,Veit H M,Bernardes A M.Evaluation of gold and silver leaching from printed circuit board of cellphones[J].Waste Management,2014(34):475-482.
[6]李晶莹,黄璐.石硫合剂法浸取废弃线路板中金的试验研究[J].黄金,2009,30(10):48-51.
[7]Zhang Jiantao,Shen Shaobo,Cheng Yao,et al.Dual lixiviant leaching process for extraction and recovery of gold from ores at room temperature[J].Hydrometallurgy,2014,144-145(4):114-123.
[8]林龙沅,陈海焱,张明星,等.废旧印刷电路板剪切式粉碎的试验研究[J].中国粉体技术,2011,17(4):51-53.
[9]王亚敏,汪洪捷,张卓勇.松花粉的红外光谱、扫描电镜和X射线能谱仪分析[J].光谱学与光谱分析,2005,25(11):1797-1800.
[10]Chang Jinliang,Jing Yingli,Chuan Jingma.Review on cyanogenic bacteria for gold recovery from e-waste[J].Advanced Materials Research,2014(878):355-367.
[2]Li Jinhui,Tian Baoguo,Liu Tongzhou,et al.Status quo of e-waste management in mainland China[J].Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management,2006,8(1):13-20.
[3]姚蕾.微波辅助浸取废弃电路板中铅锡锑[D].昆明:昆明理工大学,2015.
[4]刘洋成.电子废弃物粗放拆解对重金属和溴系阻燃剂迁移特性的影响研究[D].上海:华东理工大学,2014.
[5]Petter P M H,Veit H M,Bernardes A M.Evaluation of gold and silver leaching from printed circuit board of cellphones[J].Waste Management,2014(34):475-482.
[6]李晶莹,黄璐.石硫合剂法浸取废弃线路板中金的试验研究[J].黄金,2009,30(10):48-51.
[7]Zhang Jiantao,Shen Shaobo,Cheng Yao,et al.Dual lixiviant leaching process for extraction and recovery of gold from ores at room temperature[J].Hydrometallurgy,2014,144-145(4):114-123.
[8]林龙沅,陈海焱,张明星,等.废旧印刷电路板剪切式粉碎的试验研究[J].中国粉体技术,2011,17(4):51-53.
[9]王亚敏,汪洪捷,张卓勇.松花粉的红外光谱、扫描电镜和X射线能谱仪分析[J].光谱学与光谱分析,2005,25(11):1797-1800.
[10]Chang Jinliang,Jing Yingli,Chuan Jingma.Review on cyanogenic bacteria for gold recovery from e-waste[J].Advanced Materials Research,2014(878):355-367.