麻疯树叶提取物对肉鸡内脏器官指数和组织形态的影响
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摘要
为研究麻疯树叶提取物对肉鸡内脏器官指数和组织形态的影响,选取1日龄健康铁脚麻肉鸡360只,随机分成6组,分别为抗生素组(15 mg/kg杆菌肽锌)、空白对照组、200 mg/kg麻疯树叶提取物组(JCLE200)、600 mg/kg麻疯树叶提取物组(JCLE600)、1 000 mg/kg麻疯树叶提取物组(JCLE1000)和1 400 mg/kg麻疯树叶提取物组(JCLE1400),每组5个重复,每个重复12只(公母各半)。42 d试验结束后,每个重复选取2只鸡(公母各半)进行屠宰,分离肝脏、脾脏、法氏囊并称重,计算器官指数,将取样的肝脏、脾脏、法氏囊用甲醛固定液固定,用苏木精-伊红(HE)染色后在光学显微镜下观察内脏器官组织形态。结果表明:肝脏指数JCLE200显著高于抗生素组和空白对照组(P<0.05),其他各组间差异不显著(P>0.05);法氏囊指数和脾脏指数各组间差异不显著(P>0.05),但法氏囊指数和脾脏指数随麻疯树叶提取物添加量的增加有上升的趋势。添加200 mg/kg和600 mg/kg的麻疯树提取物组肝脏、脾脏和法氏囊细胞形态正常,结构清晰,未出现病变情况。研究表明在肉鸡饲粮中添加200 mg/kg和600 mg/kg的麻疯树叶提取物效果较好。
To study the effect of Jatropha curcas leaves extract on organ indices and morphology in broilers, three hundred and sixty 1-day-age broiler chicks were randomly divided into 6 groups with 5 replicates per group(6 males and 6 females per replicate). The dietary treatments consisted of the basal diet as antibiotic control group(15 mg/kg bacitracin zinc), blank control group, JCLE200(200 mg/kg Jatropha curcas leaves extract), JCLE600(600 mg/kg Jatropha curcas leaves extract), JCLE1000(1 000 mg/kg Jatropha curcas leaves extract) and JCLE1400(1 400 mg/kg Jatropha curcas leaves extract). After 42 days, birds were slaughtered to investigate the organ indices and organ morphology. The results showed that the liver indices of JCLE200 were significantly higher than that of antibiotic group and blank control group(P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the other groups(P>0.05). There was no significant difference in bursa of Fabricius indices and spleen indices among different groups(P>0.05). The bursa of Fabricius indices and spleen indices of Jatropha curcas leaves extract groups were increased with the content of Jatropha curcas leaves extract. The liver,spleen and bursa of Fabricius cells of JCLE200 and JCLE600 were normal in morphology, clear in structure and without any pathological changes. It′s concluded that the supplementation of Jatropha curcas leaves extract in diet for broilers at200 or 600 mg/kg could improve organ indices and morphology.
To study the effect of Jatropha curcas leaves extract on organ indices and morphology in broilers, three hundred and sixty 1-day-age broiler chicks were randomly divided into 6 groups with 5 replicates per group(6 males and 6 females per replicate). The dietary treatments consisted of the basal diet as antibiotic control group(15 mg/kg bacitracin zinc), blank control group, JCLE200(200 mg/kg Jatropha curcas leaves extract), JCLE600(600 mg/kg Jatropha curcas leaves extract), JCLE1000(1 000 mg/kg Jatropha curcas leaves extract) and JCLE1400(1 400 mg/kg Jatropha curcas leaves extract). After 42 days, birds were slaughtered to investigate the organ indices and organ morphology. The results showed that the liver indices of JCLE200 were significantly higher than that of antibiotic group and blank control group(P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the other groups(P>0.05). There was no significant difference in bursa of Fabricius indices and spleen indices among different groups(P>0.05). The bursa of Fabricius indices and spleen indices of Jatropha curcas leaves extract groups were increased with the content of Jatropha curcas leaves extract. The liver,spleen and bursa of Fabricius cells of JCLE200 and JCLE600 were normal in morphology, clear in structure and without any pathological changes. It′s concluded that the supplementation of Jatropha curcas leaves extract in diet for broilers at200 or 600 mg/kg could improve organ indices and morphology.
引文
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[10] National Research Council. Nutrient requirements of poultry[M]. 9th ed. Washington D C:National Academy Press,1994.
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[13]汪小红,武书庚,王晓翠,等.茶多酚的生物学功能及其在家禽生产中的应用[J].动物营养学报,2016,28(6):1641-1648.
[14] SRIKHUN T, AENGWANICH W, KONGBUNTAD W. Effects of polyphenols extracted from tamarind(Tamarindus indica L.)seed coat on body weight, white blood cells,bursa of Fabricius and NDV-HI titer of broilers under chronic heat stress[J]. International Journal of Poultry Science, 2010, 9(10):988-995.
[15]杨贤强,曹明富,沈生荣,等.茶多酚生物学活性的研究[J].茶叶科学,1993,13(1):51-59.
[16]刘德义,郭子建,陈会良.茶多酚对固始鸡免疫器官发育的影响[J].中国饲料,2008(2):26-27.
[17]詹勇,李进昌.茶多酚(TP)对家禽免疫功能的研究[J].浙江农业大学学报,1992,18(4):74-76.
[18]叶舒.白藜芦醇对FLHS蛋鸡肝脏氧化应激及炎症的调控作用[D].南昌:江西农业大学,2017.
[19] SAEED M, NAVEED M, ARAIN M A, et al. Quercetin:nutritional and beneficial effects in poultry[J]. World′s Poultry Science Journal, 2017, 73(2):1-10.
[2]金立志.植物提取物添加剂在动物营养中的应用及其机制的研究进展[J].动物营养学报,2010,22(5):1154-1164.
[3]林娟,周选围,唐克轩,等.麻疯树植物资源研究概况[J].热带亚热带植物学报,2004,12(3):285-290.
[4]国家中医药管理局《中华本草》编委会.中华本草(第四册)[M].上海:上海科学技术出版社,2000:825.
[5]曾礼华,严钫,陈放.麻疯树叶提取物对鸡大肠杆菌、金黄色葡球菌的体外抑菌作用[J].中国家禽,2004,26(S):35-37.
[6]刘娟,雷蕾,唐琳,等.麻疯树提取物体外抗病毒和杀菌作用的初步研究[J].时珍国医国药,2009,20(8):1890-1893.
[7]李星,唐琳,雷蕾,等.麻疯树叶提取物对恶性黑色素瘤A375细胞增殖抑制及诱导凋亡作用的研究[J].时珍国医国药,2010,21(9):2291-2293.
[8]黄秋兰,付饶,郭亦然,等.麻疯树叶多酚的提取及其抗氧化作用[J].四川大学学报(自然科学版),2013,50(2):404-408.
[9]蒋婵,于丽霞,吴培福,等.麻疯树叶提取物对肉鸡肠道发育和肠道黏膜形态的影响[J].中国家禽,2018,40(22):25-28.
[10] National Research Council. Nutrient requirements of poultry[M]. 9th ed. Washington D C:National Academy Press,1994.
[11] RIVAS A L, FABRICANT J. Indications of immunodepression in chickens infected with various strains of Marek′s disease virus[J]. Avian Diseases, 1988, 32(1):1-8.
[12]甘利平,杨维仁,张崇玉,等.植物提取物的生物学功能及其作用机理[J].动物营养学报,2015,27(9):2667-2675.
[13]汪小红,武书庚,王晓翠,等.茶多酚的生物学功能及其在家禽生产中的应用[J].动物营养学报,2016,28(6):1641-1648.
[14] SRIKHUN T, AENGWANICH W, KONGBUNTAD W. Effects of polyphenols extracted from tamarind(Tamarindus indica L.)seed coat on body weight, white blood cells,bursa of Fabricius and NDV-HI titer of broilers under chronic heat stress[J]. International Journal of Poultry Science, 2010, 9(10):988-995.
[15]杨贤强,曹明富,沈生荣,等.茶多酚生物学活性的研究[J].茶叶科学,1993,13(1):51-59.
[16]刘德义,郭子建,陈会良.茶多酚对固始鸡免疫器官发育的影响[J].中国饲料,2008(2):26-27.
[17]詹勇,李进昌.茶多酚(TP)对家禽免疫功能的研究[J].浙江农业大学学报,1992,18(4):74-76.
[18]叶舒.白藜芦醇对FLHS蛋鸡肝脏氧化应激及炎症的调控作用[D].南昌:江西农业大学,2017.
[19] SAEED M, NAVEED M, ARAIN M A, et al. Quercetin:nutritional and beneficial effects in poultry[J]. World′s Poultry Science Journal, 2017, 73(2):1-10.
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