2017年11月23日重庆武隆M_S5.0地震序列重定位及发震断层分析
|
摘要
武隆M_S5. 0地震是发生在七曜山-金佛山及彭水2条基底断裂所夹持的武隆凹陷束中的一次中强震,震源区位于芙蓉江断层、文复断层和马武断层的交会部位。文中采用CAP波形反演方法,计算了武隆M_S5. 0地震的震源机制解与震源矩心深度,同时利用双差定位方法对武隆地震及其余震序列进行重定位,分析了本次地震的发震断层。结果显示,武隆M_S5. 0地震震源机制解节面Ⅰ的走向为24°、倾角为16°、滑动角为-108°,节面Ⅱ的走向为223°、倾角为75°、滑动角为-85°;重定位后的余震序列主要分布在主震的SW向,深度集中于5～8km。分析表明,余震分布特征与震源机制解节面Ⅱ一致,且符合文复断层走向SW、倾向NW、倾角60°～73°的产状特征。由此推测此次武隆M_S5. 0地震的发震构造为文复断层,并初步探讨了其可能的发震模式。
The Wulong M_S5. 0 earthquake on 23 November 2017,located in the Wolong sap between Wenfu,Furong and Mawu faults,is the biggest instrumentally recorded earthquake in the southeastern Chongqing. It occurred unexpectedly in a weak earthquake background with no knowledge of dramatically active faults. The complete earthquake sequences offered a significant source information example for focal mechanism solution,seismotectonics and seismogenic mechanism,which is helpful for the estimation of potential seismic sources and level of the future seismic risk in the region. In this study,we firstly calculated the focal mechanism solutions of the main shock using CAP waveform inversion method and then relocated the main shock and aftershocks by the method of doubledifference algorithm. Secondly,we determined the seismogenic fault responsible for the M_S5. 0 Wulong earthquake based on these calculated results. Finally, we explored the seismogenic mechanism of the Wulong earthquake and future potential seismic risk level of the region.The results show the parameters of the focal mechanism solution,which are: strike 24°,dip16°,and rake-108° for the nodal plane Ⅰ,and strike 223°,dip 75°,and rake-85° for the nodal plane Ⅱ. The calculations are supported by the results of different agencies and other methods.Additionally,the relocated results show that the Wulong M_S5. 0 earthquake sequence is within a rectangular strip with 4. 7 km in length and 2. 4 km in width,which is approximately consistent with the scales by empirical relationship of Wells and Coppersmith( 1994). Most of the relocated aftershocks are distributed in the southwest of the mainshock. The NW-SE cross sections show that the predominant focal depth is 5 ～ 8 km. The earthquake sequences suggest the occurrence features of the fault that dips northwest with dip angle of 63° by the least square method,which is largely consistent with nodal plane Ⅱof the focal mechanism solution. Coincidentally,the field outcrop survey results show that the Wenfu Fault is a normal fault striking southwest and dipping 60° ～ 73° by previous studies. According to the above data,we infer that the Wenfu Fault is the seismogenic structure responsible for Wulong M_S5. 0 earthquake.We also propose two preliminary genetic mechanisms of "local stress adjustment"and "fluid activation effect". The "local stress adjustment"model is that several strong earthquakes in Sichuan,such as M8. 0 Wenchuan earthquake,M7. 0 Luzhou earthquake and M7. 0 Jiuzhaigou earthquake,have changed the stress regime of the eastern margin of the Sichuan Basin by stress transference.Within the changed stress regime,a minor local stress adjustment has the possibility of making a notable earthquake event. In contract,the "fluid activation effect"model is mainly supported by the three evidences as follows: 1) the maximum principle stress axial azimuth is against the regional stress field,which reflects NWW-SEE direction thrusting type; 2) the Wujiang River crosscuts the preexisting Wenfu normal fault and offers the fluid source; and 3) fractures along the Wenfu Fault formed by karst dissolution offer the important fluid flow channels.
The Wulong M_S5. 0 earthquake on 23 November 2017,located in the Wolong sap between Wenfu,Furong and Mawu faults,is the biggest instrumentally recorded earthquake in the southeastern Chongqing. It occurred unexpectedly in a weak earthquake background with no knowledge of dramatically active faults. The complete earthquake sequences offered a significant source information example for focal mechanism solution,seismotectonics and seismogenic mechanism,which is helpful for the estimation of potential seismic sources and level of the future seismic risk in the region. In this study,we firstly calculated the focal mechanism solutions of the main shock using CAP waveform inversion method and then relocated the main shock and aftershocks by the method of doubledifference algorithm. Secondly,we determined the seismogenic fault responsible for the M_S5. 0 Wulong earthquake based on these calculated results. Finally, we explored the seismogenic mechanism of the Wulong earthquake and future potential seismic risk level of the region.The results show the parameters of the focal mechanism solution,which are: strike 24°,dip16°,and rake-108° for the nodal plane Ⅰ,and strike 223°,dip 75°,and rake-85° for the nodal plane Ⅱ. The calculations are supported by the results of different agencies and other methods.Additionally,the relocated results show that the Wulong M_S5. 0 earthquake sequence is within a rectangular strip with 4. 7 km in length and 2. 4 km in width,which is approximately consistent with the scales by empirical relationship of Wells and Coppersmith( 1994). Most of the relocated aftershocks are distributed in the southwest of the mainshock. The NW-SE cross sections show that the predominant focal depth is 5 ～ 8 km. The earthquake sequences suggest the occurrence features of the fault that dips northwest with dip angle of 63° by the least square method,which is largely consistent with nodal plane Ⅱof the focal mechanism solution. Coincidentally,the field outcrop survey results show that the Wenfu Fault is a normal fault striking southwest and dipping 60° ～ 73° by previous studies. According to the above data,we infer that the Wenfu Fault is the seismogenic structure responsible for Wulong M_S5. 0 earthquake.We also propose two preliminary genetic mechanisms of "local stress adjustment"and "fluid activation effect". The "local stress adjustment"model is that several strong earthquakes in Sichuan,such as M8. 0 Wenchuan earthquake,M7. 0 Luzhou earthquake and M7. 0 Jiuzhaigou earthquake,have changed the stress regime of the eastern margin of the Sichuan Basin by stress transference.Within the changed stress regime,a minor local stress adjustment has the possibility of making a notable earthquake event. In contract,the "fluid activation effect"model is mainly supported by the three evidences as follows: 1) the maximum principle stress axial azimuth is against the regional stress field,which reflects NWW-SEE direction thrusting type; 2) the Wujiang River crosscuts the preexisting Wenfu normal fault and offers the fluid source; and 3) fractures along the Wenfu Fault formed by karst dissolution offer the important fluid flow channels.
引文
陈涛,张锐,黄世源.2018.三峡重庆地区形变场及构造应力场研究[J].大地测量与地球动力学,38(2):129-132.doi:10.14075/j.jgg.2018.02.004.CHEN Tao,ZHANG Rui,HUANG Shi-yuan.2018.Study on deformation field and tectonic stress field in Chongqing area of the Three Gorges[J].Journal of Geodesy and Geodynamics,38(2):129-132(in Chinese).
丁仁杰,李克昌.2004.重庆地震研究[M].北京:地震出版社.DING Ren-jie,LI Ke-chang.2004.Research of Earthquakes in Chongqing[M].Seismological Press,Beijing(in Chinese).
方志雄,何希鹏.2016.渝东南武隆向斜常压页岩气形成与演化[J].石油与天然气地质,37(6):819-827.FANG Zhi-xiong,HE Xi-peng.2016.Formation and evolution of normal pressure shale gas reservoir in Wulong syncline,southeast Chongqing,China[J].Oil&Gas Geology,37(6):819-827(in Chinese).
黄媛,吴建平,张天中,等.2008.汶川8.0级大地震及其余震序列重定位研究[J].中国科学(D辑),38(10):1242-1249.HUANG Yuan,WU Jian-ping,ZHANG Tian-zhong,et al.2008.Relocation of the MS8.0 Wenchuan earthquake and its aftershock sequence[J].Science in China(Ser D),51(12):1703-1711.
李峰,张效亮,刘华国.2013.重庆市主要构造地震危险性评价[J].地震地质,35(3):518-531.doi:10.3969/j.issn.0253-4967.2013.03.006.LI Feng,ZHANG Xiao-liang,LIU Hua-guo.2013.Seismic hazard analysis of the main faults in Chongqing urban area[J].Seismology and Geology,35(3):518-531(in Chinese).
刘玉亮.2009.重庆黔江地区第四纪构造活动与地震地质研究[D].广州:中山大学.LIU Yu-liang.2009.Study on Quaternary tectonic movements and seismogeology in Qianjiang area of Chongqing Municipality[D].Sun Yat-Sen University,Guangzhou(in Chinese).
龙锋,闻学泽,徐锡伟.2006.华北地区地震活断层的震级-破裂长度、破裂面积的经验关系[J].地震地质,28(4):511-535.LONG Feng,WEN Xue-ze,XU Xi-wei.2006.Empirical relationships between magnitude and rupture length,and rupture area,for seismogenic active faults in North China[J].Seismology and Geology,28(4):511-535(in Chinese).
龙锋,张永久,闻学泽,等.2010.2008年8月30日攀枝花-会理6.1级地震序列ML≥4.0事件的震源机制解[J].地球物理学报,53(12):2852-2860.LONG Feng,ZHANG Yong-jiu,WEN Xue-ze,et al.2010.Focal mechanism solutions of ML≥4.0 events in the MS6.1 Panzhihua-Huili earthquake sequence of Aug.30,2008[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,53(12):2852-2860(in Chinese).
马文涛,蔺永,苑京立,等.2013.水库诱发地震的震例比较与分析[J].地震地质,35(4):914-929.doi:10.3969/j.issn.0253-4967.2013.04.020.MA Wen-tao,LIN Yong,YUAN Jing-li,et al.2013.Comparison and analysis on the basic features of reservoirinduced seismicity[J].Seismology and Geology,35(4):914-929(in Chinese).
齐文浩,薄景山,李贞德.2006.江口水库诱发地震的有限元分析[J].地震工程与工程振动,26(6):7-10.QI Wen-hao,BO Jing-shan,LI Zhen-de.2006.Finite element analysis of Jiangkou reservoir induced earthquake[J].Earthquakes Engineering and Engineering Vibration,26(6):7-10(in Chinese).
谭淋耘,徐铫,李大华,等.2015.渝东南地区五峰组-龙马溪组页岩气成藏地质条件与有利区预测[J].地质学报,89(7):1308-1317.TAN Lin-yun,XU Yao,LI Da-hua,et al.2015.Geological condition of shale gas accumulation and favorable area prediction for the Wufeng-Longmaxi Formation in southeastern Chongqing[J].Acta Geologica Sinica,89(7):1308-1317(in Chinese).
唐茂云,刘静,邵延秀,等.2015.中小震级事件产生地表破裂的震例分析[J].地震地质,37(4):1193-1214.doi:10.3969/j.issn.0253-4967.2015.04.020.TANG Mao-yun,LIU-ZENG Jing,SHAO Yan-xiu,et al.2015.Analysis about the minimum magnitude earthquake associated with surface ruptures[J].Seismology and Geology,37(4):1193-1214(in Chinese).
唐荣昌,韩渭滨.1993.四川活动断裂与地震[M].北京:地质出版社.TANG Rong-chang,HAN Wei-bin.1993.Research of Active Faults and Earthquakes in Sichuan[M].Geological Publishing House,Beijing(in Chinese).
万永革,盛书中,李祥,等.2015.2015年尼泊尔强震序列对中国大陆的应力影响[J].地球物理学报,58(11):4277-4286.WAN Yong-ge,SHENG Shu-zhong,LI Xiang,et al.2015.Stress influence of the 2015 Nepal earthquake sequence on Chinese mainland[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,58(11):4277-4286(in Chinese).
汪建军,许才军.2017.2017年MW6.5九寨沟地震激发的同震库仑应力变化及其对周边断层的影响[J].地球物理学报,60(11):4398-4420.WANG Jian-jun,XU Cai-jun.2017.Coseismic Coulomb stress changes associated with the 2017 MW6.5 Jiuzhaigou earthquake(China)and its impacts on surrounding major faults[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,60(11):4398-4420(in Chinese).
王清东,朱良保,苏有锦,等.2015.2012年9月7日彝良地震及余震序列双差定位研究[J].地球物理学报,58(9):3205-3221.doi:10.6038/cjg20150916.WANG Qing-dong,ZHU Liang-bao,SU You-jin,et al.2015.Double-difference relocation of the 7 September 2012Yiliang earthquake and its aftershock sequence[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,58(9):3205-3221(in Chinese).
王小龙,马胜利,郭志,等.2013.利用地震背景噪声成像技术反演三峡库区及邻近地区地壳剪切波速度结构[J].地球物理学报,56(12):4113-4124.doi:10.6038/cjg20131216.WANG Xiao-long,MA Sheng-li,GUO Zhi,et al.2013.S-wave velocity of the crust in the Three Gorges reservoir and the adjacent region inverted from seismic ambient noise tomography[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,56(12):4113-4124(in Chinese).
王小龙,马胜利,雷兴林,等.2012.重庆荣昌诱发地震区精细速度结构及2010年ML5.1地震序列精确定位[J].地震地质,34(2):348-358.doi:10.3969/j.issn.0253-4967.2012.02.013.WANG Xiao-long,MA Sheng-li,LEI Xing-lin,et al.2012.Fine velocity structure and relocation of the 2010 ML5.1earthquake sequence in Rongchang gas field[J].Seismology and Geology,34(2):348-358(in Chinese).
王赞军,王宏超,何宏林,等.2016.七曜山-金佛山断裂带武隆土坎段最后活动时代研判厘定[J].四川地震,(1):25-29.WANG Zan-jun,WANG Hong-chao,HE Hong-lin,et al.2016.Dating of the last active age for Wulong ridge section of Qiyaoshan-Jinfoshan faults[J].Earthquake Research in Sichuan,(1):25-29(in Chinese).
闻学泽.2014.内蒙古1979年五原6.0级和1996年包头6.4级地震的震源区构造[J].地震地质,36(3):586-597.doi:10.3969/j.issn.0253-4967.2014.03.004.WEN Xue-ze.2014.Structures of source regions of the 1979 MS6.0 Wuyuan earthquake and the 1996 MS6.4 Baotou earthquake in Inner Mongolia,China[J].Seismology and Geology,36(3):586-597(in Chinese).
夏凯生,袁道先,谢世友,等.2010.乌江下游岩溶地貌形态特征初探:以重庆武隆及其邻近地区为例[J].中国岩溶,29(2):196-204.XIA Kai-sheng,YUAN Dao-xian,XIE Shi-you,et al.2010.Preliminary study on morphology features of karst in the lower reaches of Wujiang River:A case in Wulong,Chongqing and the surrounding area[J].Carsologica Sinica,29(2):196-204(in Chinese).
谢忱,张金川,李玉喜,等.2013.渝东南渝科1井下寒武统富有机质页岩发育特征与含气量[J].石油与天然气地质,34(1):11-15.XIE Chen,ZHANG Jin-chuan,LI Yu-xi,et al.2013.Characteristics and gas content of the Lower Cambrian dark shale in Well Yuke 1,Southeast Chongqing[J].Oil&Gas Geology,34(1):11-15(in Chinese).
徐晶,邵志刚,刘静,等.2017.基于库仑应力变化分析巴颜喀拉地块东端的强震相互关系[J].地球物理学报,60(10):4056-4068.XU Jing,SHAO Zhi-gang,LIU-ZENG Jing,et al.2017.Analysis of interaction between great earthquakes in the eastern Bayan Har block based on changes of Coulomb stress[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,60(10):4056-4068(in Chinese).
杨智娴,陈运泰,郑月军,等.2003.双差地震定位法在中国中西部地区地震精确定位中的应用[J].中国科学(D辑),33(S1):129-134.YANG Zhi-xian,CHEN Yun-tai,ZHENG Yue-jun,et al.2003.The application of double difference earthquake location method in precise positioning of earthquakes in the central and western regions in China[J].Science in China(Ser D),33(S1):129-134(in Chinese).
易桂喜,龙锋,梁明剑,等.2017a.2017年8月8日九寨沟M7.0地震及余震震源机制解与发震构造分析[J].地球物理学报,60(10):4083-4097.doi:10.6038/cjg20171033.YI Gui-xi,LONG Feng,LIANG Ming-jian,et al.2017a.Focal mechanism solution and seismogenic structure of the 8August 2017 M7.0 Jiuzhaigou earthquake and its aftershocks,northern Sichuan[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,60(10):4083-4097(in Chinese).
易桂喜,龙锋,梁明剑,等.2017b.2016年9月23日四川理塘M4.9和M5.1地震发震构造分析[J].地震地质,39(5):949-963.doi:10.3969/j.issn.0253-4967.2017.05.006.YI Gui-xi,LONG Feng,LIANG Ming-jian,et al.2017b.Seismogenic structure of the M4.9 and M5.1 Litang earthquakes on 23 Sept 2016,southwestern China[J].Seismology and Geology,39(5):949-963(in Chinese).
易桂喜,龙锋,闻学泽,等.2015.2014年11月22日康定M6.3地震序列发震构造分析[J].地球物理学报,58(4):1205-1219.doi:10.6038/cjg20150410.YI Gui-xi,LONG Feng,WEN Xue-ze,et al.2015.Seismogenic structure of the M6.3 kangding earthquake sequence on 22 Nov.2014,southwestern china[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,58(4):1205-1219(in Chinese).
易桂喜,龙锋,赵敏,等.2016.2014年10月1日越西M5.0地震震源机制与发震构造分析[J].地震地质,38(4):1124-1136.doi:10.3969/j.issn.0253-4967.2016.04.025.YI Gui-xi,LONG Feng,ZHAO Min,et al.2016.Focal mechanism and seismogenic structure of the M5.0 Yuexi earthquake on 1 Oct.2014,southwestern China[J].Seismology and Geology,38(4):1124-1136(in Chinese).
易立新,车用太.2000.水库诱发地震及其水文地质条件和诱震机理[J].中国地质灾害与防治学报,11(2):46-50.YI Li-xin,CHE Yong-tai.2000.Reservoir-induced earthquake and its hydrogeological conditions and induced mechanism[J].The Chinese Journal of Geological Hazard and Control,11(2):46-50(in Chinese).
张广伟,雷建设,梁姗姗,等.2014.2014年8月3日云南鲁甸MS6.5地震序列重定位与震源机制研究[J].地球物理学报,57(9):3018-3027.doi:10.6038/cjg20140926.ZHANG Guang-wei,LEI Jian-she,LIANG Shan-shan,et al.2014.Relocations and focal mechanism solutions of the 3August 2014 Ludian,Yunnan MS6.5 earthquake sequence[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,57(9):3018-3027(in Chinese).
张天中,武巴特尔,黄媛,等.2007.近台资料对近震相对定位算法的影响[J].地球物理学报,50(4):1123-1130.ZHANG Tian-zhong,WU Bater,HUANG Yuan,et al.2007.Effect of the data recorded at nearby station on earthquake relative location[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,50(4):1123-1130(in Chinese).
张永久,龙锋,苏金蓉.2011.2010年1月31日遂宁5.0级地震波形特征及其成因浅析[J].地震研究,34(2):119-125.ZHANG Yong-jiu,LONG Feng,SU Jin-rong.2011.Preliminary analysis of the waveform feature and the causes for the MS5.0 Suining earthquake on Jan.31,2010[J].Journal of Seismological Research,34(2):119-125(in Chinese).
张致伟,阮祥,王晓山,等.2015.汶川、芦山地震前后四川地区应力场时空演化[J].地震,35(4):136-146.ZHANG Zhi-wei,RUAN Xiang,WANG Xiao-shan,et al.2015.Spatial-temporal evolution of stress fields in Sichuan area before and after the 2008 Wenchuan and the 2013 Lushan earthquake[J].Earthquake,35(4):136-146(in Chinese).
Han L B,Peng Z G,Johnson C W,et al.2017.Shallow microearthquakes near Chongqing,China triggered by the Rayleigh waves of the 2015 M7.8 Gorkha,Nepal earthquake[J].Earth and Planetary Science Letters,479:231-240.
Hill D P.2012.Dynamic stresses,Coulomb failure,and remote triggering-Corrected[J].Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America,102(6):2313-2336.doi:10.1785/0120120085.
Pandey A P,Chadha R K.2003.Surface loading and triggered earthquakes in the Koyna-Warna region,western India[J].Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors,139(3-4):207-223.
Parsons T,Ji C,Kirby E,et al.2008.Stress changes from the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake and increased hazard in the Sichuan Basin[J].Nature,454(7203):509-510.
Tan Y,Zhu L P,Helmberger D V,et al.2006.Locating and modeling regional earthquakes with two stations[J].Journal of Geophysical Research:Solid Earth,111:B01306.doi:1029/2005JB003775.
Waldhauser F,Ellsworth W L.2000.A double-difference earthquake location algorithm:Method and application to the Northern Hayward Fault,California[J].Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America,90(90):1353-1368.
Waldhauser F,Schaff D P.2008.Large-scale relocation of two decades of Northern California seismicity using crosscorrelation and double-difference methods[J].Translated World Seismology,113(B8):4177-4183.
Wang X L,Lei X L,Gou X B,et al.2016.Focal mechanism solution of the February 23,2014,ML3.8 Rongchang earthquake with the CAP(Cut and Paste)method[J].Earthquake Research in China,30(2):233-239.
Wells D L,Coppersmith K J.1994.New empirical relationships among magnitude,rupture length,rupture width,rupture area,and surface displacement[J].Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America,84(4):974-1002.
Zhao L S,Helmberger D V.1994.Source estimation from broadband regional seismograms[J].Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America,84(1):91-104.
(1)http://www.cqdzj.gov.cn/content.php?id=6343&page=11。
(1)四川省地质局107地质队,1975,黔江幅1︰20万区域地质调查报告。
(1)四川省地质局107地质队,1975,黔江幅1︰20万区域地质调查报告。
丁仁杰,李克昌.2004.重庆地震研究[M].北京:地震出版社.DING Ren-jie,LI Ke-chang.2004.Research of Earthquakes in Chongqing[M].Seismological Press,Beijing(in Chinese).
方志雄,何希鹏.2016.渝东南武隆向斜常压页岩气形成与演化[J].石油与天然气地质,37(6):819-827.FANG Zhi-xiong,HE Xi-peng.2016.Formation and evolution of normal pressure shale gas reservoir in Wulong syncline,southeast Chongqing,China[J].Oil&Gas Geology,37(6):819-827(in Chinese).
黄媛,吴建平,张天中,等.2008.汶川8.0级大地震及其余震序列重定位研究[J].中国科学(D辑),38(10):1242-1249.HUANG Yuan,WU Jian-ping,ZHANG Tian-zhong,et al.2008.Relocation of the MS8.0 Wenchuan earthquake and its aftershock sequence[J].Science in China(Ser D),51(12):1703-1711.
李峰,张效亮,刘华国.2013.重庆市主要构造地震危险性评价[J].地震地质,35(3):518-531.doi:10.3969/j.issn.0253-4967.2013.03.006.LI Feng,ZHANG Xiao-liang,LIU Hua-guo.2013.Seismic hazard analysis of the main faults in Chongqing urban area[J].Seismology and Geology,35(3):518-531(in Chinese).
刘玉亮.2009.重庆黔江地区第四纪构造活动与地震地质研究[D].广州:中山大学.LIU Yu-liang.2009.Study on Quaternary tectonic movements and seismogeology in Qianjiang area of Chongqing Municipality[D].Sun Yat-Sen University,Guangzhou(in Chinese).
龙锋,闻学泽,徐锡伟.2006.华北地区地震活断层的震级-破裂长度、破裂面积的经验关系[J].地震地质,28(4):511-535.LONG Feng,WEN Xue-ze,XU Xi-wei.2006.Empirical relationships between magnitude and rupture length,and rupture area,for seismogenic active faults in North China[J].Seismology and Geology,28(4):511-535(in Chinese).
龙锋,张永久,闻学泽,等.2010.2008年8月30日攀枝花-会理6.1级地震序列ML≥4.0事件的震源机制解[J].地球物理学报,53(12):2852-2860.LONG Feng,ZHANG Yong-jiu,WEN Xue-ze,et al.2010.Focal mechanism solutions of ML≥4.0 events in the MS6.1 Panzhihua-Huili earthquake sequence of Aug.30,2008[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,53(12):2852-2860(in Chinese).
马文涛,蔺永,苑京立,等.2013.水库诱发地震的震例比较与分析[J].地震地质,35(4):914-929.doi:10.3969/j.issn.0253-4967.2013.04.020.MA Wen-tao,LIN Yong,YUAN Jing-li,et al.2013.Comparison and analysis on the basic features of reservoirinduced seismicity[J].Seismology and Geology,35(4):914-929(in Chinese).
齐文浩,薄景山,李贞德.2006.江口水库诱发地震的有限元分析[J].地震工程与工程振动,26(6):7-10.QI Wen-hao,BO Jing-shan,LI Zhen-de.2006.Finite element analysis of Jiangkou reservoir induced earthquake[J].Earthquakes Engineering and Engineering Vibration,26(6):7-10(in Chinese).
谭淋耘,徐铫,李大华,等.2015.渝东南地区五峰组-龙马溪组页岩气成藏地质条件与有利区预测[J].地质学报,89(7):1308-1317.TAN Lin-yun,XU Yao,LI Da-hua,et al.2015.Geological condition of shale gas accumulation and favorable area prediction for the Wufeng-Longmaxi Formation in southeastern Chongqing[J].Acta Geologica Sinica,89(7):1308-1317(in Chinese).
唐茂云,刘静,邵延秀,等.2015.中小震级事件产生地表破裂的震例分析[J].地震地质,37(4):1193-1214.doi:10.3969/j.issn.0253-4967.2015.04.020.TANG Mao-yun,LIU-ZENG Jing,SHAO Yan-xiu,et al.2015.Analysis about the minimum magnitude earthquake associated with surface ruptures[J].Seismology and Geology,37(4):1193-1214(in Chinese).
唐荣昌,韩渭滨.1993.四川活动断裂与地震[M].北京:地质出版社.TANG Rong-chang,HAN Wei-bin.1993.Research of Active Faults and Earthquakes in Sichuan[M].Geological Publishing House,Beijing(in Chinese).
万永革,盛书中,李祥,等.2015.2015年尼泊尔强震序列对中国大陆的应力影响[J].地球物理学报,58(11):4277-4286.WAN Yong-ge,SHENG Shu-zhong,LI Xiang,et al.2015.Stress influence of the 2015 Nepal earthquake sequence on Chinese mainland[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,58(11):4277-4286(in Chinese).
汪建军,许才军.2017.2017年MW6.5九寨沟地震激发的同震库仑应力变化及其对周边断层的影响[J].地球物理学报,60(11):4398-4420.WANG Jian-jun,XU Cai-jun.2017.Coseismic Coulomb stress changes associated with the 2017 MW6.5 Jiuzhaigou earthquake(China)and its impacts on surrounding major faults[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,60(11):4398-4420(in Chinese).
王清东,朱良保,苏有锦,等.2015.2012年9月7日彝良地震及余震序列双差定位研究[J].地球物理学报,58(9):3205-3221.doi:10.6038/cjg20150916.WANG Qing-dong,ZHU Liang-bao,SU You-jin,et al.2015.Double-difference relocation of the 7 September 2012Yiliang earthquake and its aftershock sequence[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,58(9):3205-3221(in Chinese).
王小龙,马胜利,郭志,等.2013.利用地震背景噪声成像技术反演三峡库区及邻近地区地壳剪切波速度结构[J].地球物理学报,56(12):4113-4124.doi:10.6038/cjg20131216.WANG Xiao-long,MA Sheng-li,GUO Zhi,et al.2013.S-wave velocity of the crust in the Three Gorges reservoir and the adjacent region inverted from seismic ambient noise tomography[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,56(12):4113-4124(in Chinese).
王小龙,马胜利,雷兴林,等.2012.重庆荣昌诱发地震区精细速度结构及2010年ML5.1地震序列精确定位[J].地震地质,34(2):348-358.doi:10.3969/j.issn.0253-4967.2012.02.013.WANG Xiao-long,MA Sheng-li,LEI Xing-lin,et al.2012.Fine velocity structure and relocation of the 2010 ML5.1earthquake sequence in Rongchang gas field[J].Seismology and Geology,34(2):348-358(in Chinese).
王赞军,王宏超,何宏林,等.2016.七曜山-金佛山断裂带武隆土坎段最后活动时代研判厘定[J].四川地震,(1):25-29.WANG Zan-jun,WANG Hong-chao,HE Hong-lin,et al.2016.Dating of the last active age for Wulong ridge section of Qiyaoshan-Jinfoshan faults[J].Earthquake Research in Sichuan,(1):25-29(in Chinese).
闻学泽.2014.内蒙古1979年五原6.0级和1996年包头6.4级地震的震源区构造[J].地震地质,36(3):586-597.doi:10.3969/j.issn.0253-4967.2014.03.004.WEN Xue-ze.2014.Structures of source regions of the 1979 MS6.0 Wuyuan earthquake and the 1996 MS6.4 Baotou earthquake in Inner Mongolia,China[J].Seismology and Geology,36(3):586-597(in Chinese).
夏凯生,袁道先,谢世友,等.2010.乌江下游岩溶地貌形态特征初探:以重庆武隆及其邻近地区为例[J].中国岩溶,29(2):196-204.XIA Kai-sheng,YUAN Dao-xian,XIE Shi-you,et al.2010.Preliminary study on morphology features of karst in the lower reaches of Wujiang River:A case in Wulong,Chongqing and the surrounding area[J].Carsologica Sinica,29(2):196-204(in Chinese).
谢忱,张金川,李玉喜,等.2013.渝东南渝科1井下寒武统富有机质页岩发育特征与含气量[J].石油与天然气地质,34(1):11-15.XIE Chen,ZHANG Jin-chuan,LI Yu-xi,et al.2013.Characteristics and gas content of the Lower Cambrian dark shale in Well Yuke 1,Southeast Chongqing[J].Oil&Gas Geology,34(1):11-15(in Chinese).
徐晶,邵志刚,刘静,等.2017.基于库仑应力变化分析巴颜喀拉地块东端的强震相互关系[J].地球物理学报,60(10):4056-4068.XU Jing,SHAO Zhi-gang,LIU-ZENG Jing,et al.2017.Analysis of interaction between great earthquakes in the eastern Bayan Har block based on changes of Coulomb stress[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,60(10):4056-4068(in Chinese).
杨智娴,陈运泰,郑月军,等.2003.双差地震定位法在中国中西部地区地震精确定位中的应用[J].中国科学(D辑),33(S1):129-134.YANG Zhi-xian,CHEN Yun-tai,ZHENG Yue-jun,et al.2003.The application of double difference earthquake location method in precise positioning of earthquakes in the central and western regions in China[J].Science in China(Ser D),33(S1):129-134(in Chinese).
易桂喜,龙锋,梁明剑,等.2017a.2017年8月8日九寨沟M7.0地震及余震震源机制解与发震构造分析[J].地球物理学报,60(10):4083-4097.doi:10.6038/cjg20171033.YI Gui-xi,LONG Feng,LIANG Ming-jian,et al.2017a.Focal mechanism solution and seismogenic structure of the 8August 2017 M7.0 Jiuzhaigou earthquake and its aftershocks,northern Sichuan[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,60(10):4083-4097(in Chinese).
易桂喜,龙锋,梁明剑,等.2017b.2016年9月23日四川理塘M4.9和M5.1地震发震构造分析[J].地震地质,39(5):949-963.doi:10.3969/j.issn.0253-4967.2017.05.006.YI Gui-xi,LONG Feng,LIANG Ming-jian,et al.2017b.Seismogenic structure of the M4.9 and M5.1 Litang earthquakes on 23 Sept 2016,southwestern China[J].Seismology and Geology,39(5):949-963(in Chinese).
易桂喜,龙锋,闻学泽,等.2015.2014年11月22日康定M6.3地震序列发震构造分析[J].地球物理学报,58(4):1205-1219.doi:10.6038/cjg20150410.YI Gui-xi,LONG Feng,WEN Xue-ze,et al.2015.Seismogenic structure of the M6.3 kangding earthquake sequence on 22 Nov.2014,southwestern china[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,58(4):1205-1219(in Chinese).
易桂喜,龙锋,赵敏,等.2016.2014年10月1日越西M5.0地震震源机制与发震构造分析[J].地震地质,38(4):1124-1136.doi:10.3969/j.issn.0253-4967.2016.04.025.YI Gui-xi,LONG Feng,ZHAO Min,et al.2016.Focal mechanism and seismogenic structure of the M5.0 Yuexi earthquake on 1 Oct.2014,southwestern China[J].Seismology and Geology,38(4):1124-1136(in Chinese).
易立新,车用太.2000.水库诱发地震及其水文地质条件和诱震机理[J].中国地质灾害与防治学报,11(2):46-50.YI Li-xin,CHE Yong-tai.2000.Reservoir-induced earthquake and its hydrogeological conditions and induced mechanism[J].The Chinese Journal of Geological Hazard and Control,11(2):46-50(in Chinese).
张广伟,雷建设,梁姗姗,等.2014.2014年8月3日云南鲁甸MS6.5地震序列重定位与震源机制研究[J].地球物理学报,57(9):3018-3027.doi:10.6038/cjg20140926.ZHANG Guang-wei,LEI Jian-she,LIANG Shan-shan,et al.2014.Relocations and focal mechanism solutions of the 3August 2014 Ludian,Yunnan MS6.5 earthquake sequence[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,57(9):3018-3027(in Chinese).
张天中,武巴特尔,黄媛,等.2007.近台资料对近震相对定位算法的影响[J].地球物理学报,50(4):1123-1130.ZHANG Tian-zhong,WU Bater,HUANG Yuan,et al.2007.Effect of the data recorded at nearby station on earthquake relative location[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,50(4):1123-1130(in Chinese).
张永久,龙锋,苏金蓉.2011.2010年1月31日遂宁5.0级地震波形特征及其成因浅析[J].地震研究,34(2):119-125.ZHANG Yong-jiu,LONG Feng,SU Jin-rong.2011.Preliminary analysis of the waveform feature and the causes for the MS5.0 Suining earthquake on Jan.31,2010[J].Journal of Seismological Research,34(2):119-125(in Chinese).
张致伟,阮祥,王晓山,等.2015.汶川、芦山地震前后四川地区应力场时空演化[J].地震,35(4):136-146.ZHANG Zhi-wei,RUAN Xiang,WANG Xiao-shan,et al.2015.Spatial-temporal evolution of stress fields in Sichuan area before and after the 2008 Wenchuan and the 2013 Lushan earthquake[J].Earthquake,35(4):136-146(in Chinese).
Han L B,Peng Z G,Johnson C W,et al.2017.Shallow microearthquakes near Chongqing,China triggered by the Rayleigh waves of the 2015 M7.8 Gorkha,Nepal earthquake[J].Earth and Planetary Science Letters,479:231-240.
Hill D P.2012.Dynamic stresses,Coulomb failure,and remote triggering-Corrected[J].Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America,102(6):2313-2336.doi:10.1785/0120120085.
Pandey A P,Chadha R K.2003.Surface loading and triggered earthquakes in the Koyna-Warna region,western India[J].Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors,139(3-4):207-223.
Parsons T,Ji C,Kirby E,et al.2008.Stress changes from the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake and increased hazard in the Sichuan Basin[J].Nature,454(7203):509-510.
Tan Y,Zhu L P,Helmberger D V,et al.2006.Locating and modeling regional earthquakes with two stations[J].Journal of Geophysical Research:Solid Earth,111:B01306.doi:1029/2005JB003775.
Waldhauser F,Ellsworth W L.2000.A double-difference earthquake location algorithm:Method and application to the Northern Hayward Fault,California[J].Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America,90(90):1353-1368.
Waldhauser F,Schaff D P.2008.Large-scale relocation of two decades of Northern California seismicity using crosscorrelation and double-difference methods[J].Translated World Seismology,113(B8):4177-4183.
Wang X L,Lei X L,Gou X B,et al.2016.Focal mechanism solution of the February 23,2014,ML3.8 Rongchang earthquake with the CAP(Cut and Paste)method[J].Earthquake Research in China,30(2):233-239.
Wells D L,Coppersmith K J.1994.New empirical relationships among magnitude,rupture length,rupture width,rupture area,and surface displacement[J].Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America,84(4):974-1002.
Zhao L S,Helmberger D V.1994.Source estimation from broadband regional seismograms[J].Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America,84(1):91-104.
(1)http://www.cqdzj.gov.cn/content.php?id=6343&page=11。
(1)四川省地质局107地质队,1975,黔江幅1︰20万区域地质调查报告。
(1)四川省地质局107地质队,1975,黔江幅1︰20万区域地质调查报告。