特厚煤层综放开采矿压显现规律的采厚效应研究
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摘要
针对特厚煤层综放工作面矿压显现强烈,且对于矿压显现与煤层采厚间关系认识不足的问题。以芦子沟煤矿3106特厚煤层综放工作面为背景展开研究,首先对采厚为17 m和30 m两种特厚煤层高强度开采条件下支架工作阻力进行了监测分析,研究结果表明:2种条件下矿压显现规律具有一定的相似性。通过室内物理相似模拟试验建立了2种采厚条件下大空间采场覆岩结构力学模型,并分析了其对矿压显现的作用机制,指出采厚30 m时覆岩呈"下位直接顶悬臂梁-上位直接顶简支梁-基本顶铰接岩梁"的结构特征,使得直接顶和基本顶回转变形对支架作用力不增反减,导致矿压显现规律并没有随煤层厚度增加而变得强烈。
The underground pressure behavior is stronger at fully-mechanized coal face in extra thick coal seam and knowledge about relationship between mining pressure and mining thickness is insufficient.This paper studied the fully-mechanized coal face in No.3106 extra thick coal seam of Luizgou Coal Mine.First of all,working resistance of suppurt at two different high-intensive exploitation extra thick coal seams,which were 17 m and 30 m respectively,were tested and it was found that two underground pressure behaviors shared similarities.Then,an indoor physical similar simulation experiment was made by building a mechanical model of overlying rock in large space under two conditions.By analyzing its action mechanism on underground pressure behavior,it is indicated that in the mining thickness of 30 m,the overlaying strata features " the lower coal seam supporting the cantilever beam-the upper coal seam supporting the free beam-the main roof jointing the rock beam".The special construction makesthe immediate roof and the main roof deformed by rotation,and their acting force to brackets decrease,which explains why the underground pressure do not get stronger when the coal seam get thinker.
The underground pressure behavior is stronger at fully-mechanized coal face in extra thick coal seam and knowledge about relationship between mining pressure and mining thickness is insufficient.This paper studied the fully-mechanized coal face in No.3106 extra thick coal seam of Luizgou Coal Mine.First of all,working resistance of suppurt at two different high-intensive exploitation extra thick coal seams,which were 17 m and 30 m respectively,were tested and it was found that two underground pressure behaviors shared similarities.Then,an indoor physical similar simulation experiment was made by building a mechanical model of overlying rock in large space under two conditions.By analyzing its action mechanism on underground pressure behavior,it is indicated that in the mining thickness of 30 m,the overlaying strata features " the lower coal seam supporting the cantilever beam-the upper coal seam supporting the free beam-the main roof jointing the rock beam".The special construction makesthe immediate roof and the main roof deformed by rotation,and their acting force to brackets decrease,which explains why the underground pressure do not get stronger when the coal seam get thinker.
引文
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[14]车禹恒,朱志洁.特厚煤层工作面长度对矿压显现的影响[J].矿业安全与环保,2016,43(3):81-85.CHE Yuheng,ZHU Zhihao.Influence of length of working face in extra-thick coal seam on strata behaviors[J] Mining Safety and Environmental Protection,2016,43(3):81-85.
[15]朱志洁,张宏伟,陈莹,等.特厚煤层开采工作面推进速度对矿压显现的影响[J].安全与环境学报,2016,16(3):126-129.ZHU Zhihao,ZHANG Hongwei,CHEN Ying,et al. Effect of the excavation advancing speed on the strata behavior of the ultrathick coal seam[J]. Journal of Security and Environment,2016,16(3):126-129.
[16]刘全明,于雷.浅埋薄基岩综放工作面矿压显现规律埋深效应[J].煤矿安全,2016,47(2):55-57.LIU Quanming,YU Lei. Burial depth effect of mine pressure behavior at a shallow buried fully mechanized caving face under thin bedrock[J].Safety in Coal Mines,2016,47(2):55-57.
[17]刘全明.浅埋薄基岩综放工作面矿压显现规律的基岩厚度效应[J].煤矿开采,2016,21(3):98-100.LIU Quanming. Basement rock thickness effect of rock pressure law of fully mechanized top coal caving face with shallow depth and thin basement rock[J].Coal Mining,2016,21(3):98-100.
[18]樊运策,毛德兵.缓倾斜特厚煤层综放开采合理开采厚度的确定[J].煤矿开采,2009,14(2):3-4.FAN Yunce,MAO Debing. Reasonable Mining height of fullmechanized caving mining in softly inclined and extra-thick coal seam[J].Coal Mining,2009,14(2):3-4.
[19]题正义,张峰,朱志洁,等.采动影响下综放工作面端头围岩控制技术研究[J].煤炭科学技术,2018,46(5):22-26,32.TI Zhengyi,ZHANG Feng,ZHU Zhijie,et al. Research on surrounding rock control technology of fully-mechanized top coal caving mining face end under mining influence[J]. Coal Science and Technology,2018,46(5):22-26,32.
[20]于雷,闫少宏,刘全明.特厚煤层综放开采支架工作阻力的确定[J].煤炭学报,2012,37(5):737-742.YU Lei,YAN Shaohong,LIU Quanming. Determining support working resistance of top coal caving in extra thick coal seam[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2012,37(5):737-742.
[2]王金华.特厚煤层大采高综放开采关键技术[J].煤炭学报,2013,38(12):2089-2098.WANG Jinhua. Key technology for fully-mechanized top coal caving with large mining height in extra-thick coal seam[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2013,38(12):2089-2098.
[3]王金华,黄志增,于雷.特厚煤层综放开采顶煤体“三带”放煤理论与应用[J].煤炭学报,2017,42(4):809-816.WANG Jinhua,HUANG Zhizeng,YU Lei.“Three plies in top coal”theory and its application in top coal caving mining for ultra-thick coal seams[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2017,42(4):809-816.
[4]闫少宏,富强.综放开采顶煤顶板活动规律的研究与应用[M].北京:煤炭工业出版社,2003.
[5]郭峰,郎丁,黄克军,等.大倾角软煤综放采场支架-围岩系统失稳研究[J].煤炭科学技术,2018,46(4):123-128.GUO Feng,LANG Ding,HUANG Kejun,et al.Study on unstability of powered support-surrounding rock system in fully-mechanized top coal caving mining face in high inclined soft seam[J].Coal Science and Technology,2018,46(4):123-128.
[6]刘全明.千树塔煤矿特厚煤层综放开采覆岩活动规律研究[D].北京:煤炭科学研究总院,2016.
[7]于斌,朱卫兵,高瑞,等.特厚煤层综放开采大空间采场覆岩结构及作用机制[J].煤炭学报,2016,41(3):571-580.YU Bin,ZHU Weibing,GAO Rui,et al. Strata structure and its effect mechanism of large space stope for fully-mechanized sublevel caving mining of extremely thick coal seam[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2016,41(3):571-580.
[8]郎军.超强矿压综放工作面支架工作阻力优化研究[J].煤炭科学技术,2018,46(12):119-125.LANG Jun. Study on working resistance optimization of hydraulic support in fully-mechanized top coal caving mining face with ultra strong ground pressure[J].Coal Science and Technology,2018,46(12):119-125.
[9]夏永学.屯留矿大采高综放工作面矿压显现规律与煤壁稳定性研究[D].北京:煤炭科学研究总院,2008.
[10]黄志增.支承压力作用下综放开采顶煤体尺寸效应试验研究[J].煤炭科学技术,2018,46(8):63-67.HUANG Zhizeng. Experimental study of top coal size effect on fully-mechanized caving mining under abutment pressure[J].Coal Science and Technology,2018,46(8):63-67.
[11]刘正和,赵阳升,弓培林,等.大采高放顶煤工作面矿压显现规律及围岩控制研究[J].太原理工大学学报,2011,42(5):524-527.LIU Zhenghe,ZHAO Yangsheng,GONG peilin,et al. The laws of strata behavior on the high seam top coal working face[J]Journal of Taiyuan University of Technology,2011,42(5):524-527.
[12]郭浩森.特厚煤层综放采场矿压显现特征及覆岩移动规律研究[D].焦作:河南理工大学,2012.
[13]吕坤,赵志超,赵志强.特厚煤层综放工作面回撤通道支护技术研究[J].煤炭科学技术,2018,46(3):39-43.LYU Kun,ZHAO Zhichao,ZHAO Zhiqiang. Study on support technology of equipment removal channel in fully-mechanizedtop coal caving face in ultra-thick seam[J].Coal Science and Technology,2018,46(3):39-43.
[14]车禹恒,朱志洁.特厚煤层工作面长度对矿压显现的影响[J].矿业安全与环保,2016,43(3):81-85.CHE Yuheng,ZHU Zhihao.Influence of length of working face in extra-thick coal seam on strata behaviors[J] Mining Safety and Environmental Protection,2016,43(3):81-85.
[15]朱志洁,张宏伟,陈莹,等.特厚煤层开采工作面推进速度对矿压显现的影响[J].安全与环境学报,2016,16(3):126-129.ZHU Zhihao,ZHANG Hongwei,CHEN Ying,et al. Effect of the excavation advancing speed on the strata behavior of the ultrathick coal seam[J]. Journal of Security and Environment,2016,16(3):126-129.
[16]刘全明,于雷.浅埋薄基岩综放工作面矿压显现规律埋深效应[J].煤矿安全,2016,47(2):55-57.LIU Quanming,YU Lei. Burial depth effect of mine pressure behavior at a shallow buried fully mechanized caving face under thin bedrock[J].Safety in Coal Mines,2016,47(2):55-57.
[17]刘全明.浅埋薄基岩综放工作面矿压显现规律的基岩厚度效应[J].煤矿开采,2016,21(3):98-100.LIU Quanming. Basement rock thickness effect of rock pressure law of fully mechanized top coal caving face with shallow depth and thin basement rock[J].Coal Mining,2016,21(3):98-100.
[18]樊运策,毛德兵.缓倾斜特厚煤层综放开采合理开采厚度的确定[J].煤矿开采,2009,14(2):3-4.FAN Yunce,MAO Debing. Reasonable Mining height of fullmechanized caving mining in softly inclined and extra-thick coal seam[J].Coal Mining,2009,14(2):3-4.
[19]题正义,张峰,朱志洁,等.采动影响下综放工作面端头围岩控制技术研究[J].煤炭科学技术,2018,46(5):22-26,32.TI Zhengyi,ZHANG Feng,ZHU Zhijie,et al. Research on surrounding rock control technology of fully-mechanized top coal caving mining face end under mining influence[J]. Coal Science and Technology,2018,46(5):22-26,32.
[20]于雷,闫少宏,刘全明.特厚煤层综放开采支架工作阻力的确定[J].煤炭学报,2012,37(5):737-742.YU Lei,YAN Shaohong,LIU Quanming. Determining support working resistance of top coal caving in extra thick coal seam[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2012,37(5):737-742.