基于灰色关联分析法的页岩储层脆性影响因素研究
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摘要
针对页岩脆性影响因素多、权重分配模糊的问题,利用RTR-1000岩石三轴测试系统对鄂尔多斯盆地南部延长组长7段的15块页岩岩芯进行应力-应变曲线测试。通过线性回归和灰度关联法对10个影响页岩脆性的因素进行了定性和定量化表征,结果表明:围压、泊松比、弹性模量与页岩脆性呈正相关关系,峰值应变、峰值应力、破裂时间、残余应力、残余应变、差应力、破裂面条数与页岩脆性呈负相关关系;峰值应变对页岩脆性影响最大,残余应力,残余应变等次之,弹性模量对页岩脆性影响最小;峰值处的力学参数(峰值应变、峰值应力、破裂时间、差应力)对页岩脆性影响最大,峰后力学参数(残余应力、残余应变、破裂面条数)次之,峰前力学参数(弹性模量、泊松比、围压)对脆性影响最小,峰前、峰值处、峰后的力学参数对页岩脆性影响权重比例为0.181∶0.499∶0.319。对页岩脆性影响因素权重的分析,不仅可以简化脆性评价公式,同时可以提高脆性评价的准确性。
Many factors affect the shale brittleness,and their weight distribution is fuzzy.Considering that,this paper uses 15 shale samples from Yanchang formation of southern Erdos Basin to test the stress-strain curve,and use linear regression and gray correlation method on the 10 factors which affect the brittleness of the shale to have the qualitative and quantitative analysis.Finally,10 factors weight allocation can be calculated in the brittleness evaluation.The results show that confining pressure,Poisson ratio,modulus of elasticity are positively associated with shale brittleness,and peak strain,peak stress,rupture time,residual stress,residual strain,differential stress,numbers of surfaces of rupture are negatively related with the shale brittleness;the peak strain has the greatest impact on the shale brittleness,and residual stress,residual strain,etc are the secondary,and modulus of elasticity with the minimal impact on shale brittleness;themechanical parameters(peak strain,peak stress,fracture time and differential stress)at the peak have the greatest impact on the shale brittleness,and the after-peak mechanical parameters(residual stress,residual strain,broken noodles number)are the secondary,and pre-peak mechanical parameters(elastic modulus,Poisson ratio and confining pressure)have the minimal impact on brittleness three weight ratio of 0.181∶0.499∶0.319.The weight analysis of the influence factors of shale brittleness can not only simplify the formula of brittleness evaluation,but also improve the accuracy of brittleness evaluation.
Many factors affect the shale brittleness,and their weight distribution is fuzzy.Considering that,this paper uses 15 shale samples from Yanchang formation of southern Erdos Basin to test the stress-strain curve,and use linear regression and gray correlation method on the 10 factors which affect the brittleness of the shale to have the qualitative and quantitative analysis.Finally,10 factors weight allocation can be calculated in the brittleness evaluation.The results show that confining pressure,Poisson ratio,modulus of elasticity are positively associated with shale brittleness,and peak strain,peak stress,rupture time,residual stress,residual strain,differential stress,numbers of surfaces of rupture are negatively related with the shale brittleness;the peak strain has the greatest impact on the shale brittleness,and residual stress,residual strain,etc are the secondary,and modulus of elasticity with the minimal impact on shale brittleness;themechanical parameters(peak strain,peak stress,fracture time and differential stress)at the peak have the greatest impact on the shale brittleness,and the after-peak mechanical parameters(residual stress,residual strain,broken noodles number)are the secondary,and pre-peak mechanical parameters(elastic modulus,Poisson ratio and confining pressure)have the minimal impact on brittleness three weight ratio of 0.181∶0.499∶0.319.The weight analysis of the influence factors of shale brittleness can not only simplify the formula of brittleness evaluation,but also improve the accuracy of brittleness evaluation.
引文
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[14]王学滨.峰后脆性对非均质岩石试样破坏及全部变形的影响[J].中南大学学报:自然科学版,2008,39(5):1105-1111.WANG Xuebin.Effects of post-peak brittleness on failure and overall deformational characteristics of rock specimen with random material imperfections[J].Journal of Central South University:Science and Technology,2008,39(5):1105-1111.
[15]涂乙,邹海燕,孟海平,等.页岩气评价标准与储层分类[J].石油与天然气地质,2014,35(1):153-158.TU Yi,ZOU Haiyan,MENG haiping,et al.Evaluation criteria and classification of shale gas reservoirs[J].Oil&Gas Geology,2014,35(1):153-158.
[2]王汉青,陈军斌,张杰,等.基于权重分配的页岩气储层可压性评价新方法[J].石油钻探技术,2016,44(3):88-94.WANG Hanqing,CHEN Junbin,ZHANG Jie,et al.A new method of fracability evaluation of shale gas reservoir based on weight allocation[J].Petroleum Drilling Techniques,2016,44(3):88-94.
[3] JARVIE D M,HILL R J,RUBLE T E,et al.Unconventional shale-gas systems:the Mississippian Barnet shale northcentral Texas as one model for the mogenic shale-gas assessment[J].APPG Bulletin,2007,91(4):475-499.
[4]李钜源.东营凹陷泥页岩矿物组成及脆度分析[J].沉积学报,2013,31(4):616-620.LI Juyuan.Analysis on mineral components and frangibility of shales in Dongying depression[J].Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,2013,31(4):616-620.
[5] WANG F.Production fairway:speed rails in gas shale[C]∥The 7th Annual Gas Shales Summit.2008.
[6] RICKMAN R,MULLEN M J,PETRE J E,et al.A practical use of shale petrophysics for stimulation design optimization:all shale plays are not clones of the Barnett shale[C]∥SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition.2008.
[7] GUO Z,LI X,LIU C,et al.A shale rock physics model for analysis of brittleness index.mineralogy and porosity in the Barnett Shale[J].Journal of Geophysics&Engineering,2013,10(2):25006-25015.
[8]刘致水,孙赞东.新型脆性因子及其在泥页岩储集层预测中的应用[J].石油勘探与开发,2015,42(1):117-124.LIU Zhishui,SUN Zandong.New brittleness indexes and their application in shale/clay gas reservoir prediction[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2015,42(1):117-124.
[9]刁海燕.泥页岩储层岩石力学特性及脆性评价[J].岩石学报,2013,29(9):344-350.DIAO Haiyan.Rock mechanical properties and brittleness evaluation of shale reservoir[J].Acta Petrologica Sinica,2013,29(9):344-350.
[10]秦晓艳,王震亮,于红岩,等.基于岩石物理与矿物组成的页岩脆性评价新方法[J].天然气地球科学,2016,27(10):1924-1932.QIN Xiaoyan,WANG Zhenliang,YU Hongyan,et al.A new shale brittleness evaluation method based on rock physics and mineral compositions[J].Natural Gas Geoscience,2016,27(10):1924-1932.
[11]吴涛.页岩气层岩石脆性影响因素及评价方法研究[D].成都:西南石油大学,2015.
[12]李庆辉,陈勉,金衍,等.页岩脆性的室内评价方法及改进[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2012,31(8):1680-1685.LI Qinghui,CHEN Mian,JIN Yan,et al.Indoor evaluation method for shale brittleness and improvement[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2012,31(8):1680-1685.
[13]周辉,孟凡震,张传庆,等.基于应力-应变曲线的岩石脆性特征定量评价方法[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2014,33(6):1114-1122.ZHOU Hui,MENG Fanzhen,ZHANG Chuanqing,et al.Quantitative evaluation of rock brittleness based on stressstrain curve[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2014,33(6):1114-1122.
[14]王学滨.峰后脆性对非均质岩石试样破坏及全部变形的影响[J].中南大学学报:自然科学版,2008,39(5):1105-1111.WANG Xuebin.Effects of post-peak brittleness on failure and overall deformational characteristics of rock specimen with random material imperfections[J].Journal of Central South University:Science and Technology,2008,39(5):1105-1111.
[15]涂乙,邹海燕,孟海平,等.页岩气评价标准与储层分类[J].石油与天然气地质,2014,35(1):153-158.TU Yi,ZOU Haiyan,MENG haiping,et al.Evaluation criteria and classification of shale gas reservoirs[J].Oil&Gas Geology,2014,35(1):153-158.
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