高频微振辅助工艺对激光焊接接头组织性能的影响
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摘要
基于自主搭建的高频微振平台,进行316L不锈钢振动辅助激光焊接试验,探究高频微振激光焊接工艺对接头组织性能的影响.结果表明,施加振动后,焊缝表面无飞溅,成形良好.截面未出现塌陷、堆高,背部熔宽均匀.振动的施加,能够明显细化焊缝区的晶粒,在共振频率1 467.5 Hz的高频微振激光焊条件下,晶粒尺寸最小.点状颗粒物分布在奥氏体晶粒间,趋于弥散,新相及大颗粒物减少.随着振动频率增加,焊缝区显微硬度值跟着增加,在较高共振频率显微硬度值增加显著,在共振频率1 467.5 Hz、加速度160 m/s2条件下,焊缝区平均硬度206 HV,与无振动相比,硬度值增加5.6%.
Based on high frequency micro-vibration platform, the 316 L stainless steel was welded by laser welding with vibration. The microstructure and property of laser welded joint with high frequency micro-vibration process had been investigated. The results indicate that good welding surface could be got under vibration. No spatters could be found. No collapse and excess weld metal existed. Weld width form uniformly in the back weld. Grain refinement is related to resonant vibration frequency during solidification in the weld.The smallest grain size and the most conspicuous grain refinement were obtained at the resonant frequency of 1 467.5 Hz. In addition, the particles spreaded and dispersed between the austenite grains. The new phase and the large particles were reduced with vibration. With the increase of the vibration frequency, weld microhardness increased, especially with the higher resonance frequency. At the resonant frequency of 1467.5 Hz, vibration acceleration of 160 m/s~2, the average microhardness value of weld is 206 HV, which was increased by 5.6% compared with that with no vibration condition.
Based on high frequency micro-vibration platform, the 316 L stainless steel was welded by laser welding with vibration. The microstructure and property of laser welded joint with high frequency micro-vibration process had been investigated. The results indicate that good welding surface could be got under vibration. No spatters could be found. No collapse and excess weld metal existed. Weld width form uniformly in the back weld. Grain refinement is related to resonant vibration frequency during solidification in the weld.The smallest grain size and the most conspicuous grain refinement were obtained at the resonant frequency of 1 467.5 Hz. In addition, the particles spreaded and dispersed between the austenite grains. The new phase and the large particles were reduced with vibration. With the increase of the vibration frequency, weld microhardness increased, especially with the higher resonance frequency. At the resonant frequency of 1467.5 Hz, vibration acceleration of 160 m/s~2, the average microhardness value of weld is 206 HV, which was increased by 5.6% compared with that with no vibration condition.
引文
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[2]Lu Q H,Chen L G,Ni C Z,et al.Effect of vibratory weld conditioning on welded valve properties[J].Mechanics of Materials,2008,40(7):565-574.
[3]卢庆华,陈立功,倪纯珍,等.振动焊接技术在大型焊接构件中的应用[J].焊接学报,2007,28(2):92-95.Lu Qinghua,Chen Ligong,Ni Chunzhen,et al.The application of vibration welding condition in large welding structure[J].Transaction of the China Welding Institution,2007,28(2):92-95.
[4]Govindarao P,Srinivasarao P,Gopalakrishna A,et al.Improvement of tensile strength of butt welded joints prepared by vibratory process[J].International Journal of Mechanical Engineering and Technology(IJMET),2013,4(4):53-61.
[5]Govindarao P,Srinivasarao P,Gopalakrishna A,et al.Effect of vibratory process to improve the mechanical properties of buttwelded joints[J].International Journal of Modern Engineering Research,2012,2(4):2766-2770.
[6]Wen T,Liu S Y,Chen S,et al.Influence of high frequency vibration on microstructure and mechanical properties of TIG welding joints of AZ31 magnesium alloy[J].Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China,2015,25(2):397-404.
[7]Zeidabadi H,Mirdamadi S.Effect of vibration during GTAWwelding on microstructure and mechanical properties of Ti6Al4V[J].Russian Journal of Non-Ferrous Metals,2015,56(2):217-221.
[8]曾庆林,张立华,徐济进,等.振动焊接技术在工程中的应用[J].机械研究与应用,2009,4(4):75-77.Zeng Qinglin,Zhang Lihua,Xu Jijin,et al.Application of vibratory welding technology in project[J].Mechanical Research&Application,2009,4(4):75-77.
[9]何晓峰,卢庆华,彭必荣,等.高频振动下的不锈钢激光焊接[J].焊接学报,2016,37(9):70-74.He Xiaofeng,Lu Qinghua,Peng Birong,et al.Laser welding of stainless steel at high frequency vibration[J].Transaction of the China Welding Institution,2016,37(9):70-74.
[10]胡正.应用于振动焊接的微振动平台的研制[D].杭州:浙江大学,2006.
[11]Kim J,Oh S,Ki H.Effect of keyhole geometry and dynamics in zero-gap laser welding of zinc-coated steel sheets[J].Journal of Materials Processing Technology,2016,232:131-141.
[12]Zhang L J,Zhang J X,Gumenyuk A,et al.Numerical simulation of full penetration laser welding of thick steel plate with high power high brightness laser[J].Journal of Materials Processing Technology,2014,214(8):1710-1720.
[13]彭必荣,卢庆华,何晓峰,等.机械振动对激光焊接接头组织的影响[J].机械工程学报,2015,51(20):94-100.Peng Birong,Lu Qinghua,He Xiaofeng,et al.Effect of mechanical vibration on microstructure of laser welding joints[J].Journal of Mechanical Engineering,2015,51(20):94-100.
[14]Ray C S,Fang X,Day D E,et al.New method for determining the nucleation and crystal-growth rates in glasses[J].Journal of the American Ceramic Society,2010,83(4):865-872.
[15]Rao P G,Rao P S,Krishna A G,et al.Mechanical properties improvement of weldments using vibratory welding system[J].Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers Part B Journal of Engineering Manufacture,2014,229(5):776-784.
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