潮汐流-潜流组合人工湿地微生物群落多样性研究
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摘要
为研究潮汐流-潜流人工湿地组合的微生物群落空间分布,构建了潮汐流-潜流湿地组合实验装置对人工模拟生活污水进行净化处理,采用PCR-DGGE技术对组合工艺实验装置中微生物空间分布特征进行研究.结果表明,种植植物(香蒲)的人工湿地组合NH_4~+-N、NO_3~--N和NO_2~--N去除率分别为70.22%、28.42%和38.30%,未种植植物的人工湿地组合NH_4~+-N、NO_3~--N和NO_2~--N去除率分别为55.15%、65.26%和61.70%.两组湿地内优势微生物种类共有44种,潮汐流单元微生物种类空间分布差异性较小,系统内多为好氧微生物.潜流人工湿地单元微生物空间分布差异较大,上层以好氧微生物为主,中下层以缺氧和厌氧微生物为主.种植植物可以提高湿地系统中微生物量、微生物群落多样性和均匀性.潮汐流-潜流组合工艺在系统内实现了硝化-反硝化的组合,比一般的潜流和表面流人工湿地组合TN去除率提高了20%~30%.
The combined tide flow-subsurface flow constructed wetland were built to treat simulated domestic sewage. PCR-DGGE technology was used to study the spatial distribution of microbial community in wetland combinations. The results show that,the removal of NH_4~+-N、NO_3~--N and NO_2~--N in the combined constructed wetland with plants were 70.22%,28.42% and 38.30%,respectively,while the corresponding removal rate of NH_4~+-N、NO_3~--N and NO_2~--N in the combined constructed wetland without plants were 55.15%,65.26% and 61.70%. 44 kinds of dominant microorganisms were founded in wetland combinations. In tide flow unit,aerobic microorganisms account for the majority and had no significant difference with the variation of depth. In subsurface flow unit,aerobic,facultative and anaerobic microorganisms are distributed in the upper,middle and lower parts. Growing plants could better enrich the microorganisms around the substrate and increased the diversity of bacterial community. The combined constructed wetland formed the nitrification-denitrification system,enhancing the purification efficiency of TN,even 20% to 30% higher than the general hybrid constructed wetland of subsurface flow and free water surface flow system.
The combined tide flow-subsurface flow constructed wetland were built to treat simulated domestic sewage. PCR-DGGE technology was used to study the spatial distribution of microbial community in wetland combinations. The results show that,the removal of NH_4~+-N、NO_3~--N and NO_2~--N in the combined constructed wetland with plants were 70.22%,28.42% and 38.30%,respectively,while the corresponding removal rate of NH_4~+-N、NO_3~--N and NO_2~--N in the combined constructed wetland without plants were 55.15%,65.26% and 61.70%. 44 kinds of dominant microorganisms were founded in wetland combinations. In tide flow unit,aerobic microorganisms account for the majority and had no significant difference with the variation of depth. In subsurface flow unit,aerobic,facultative and anaerobic microorganisms are distributed in the upper,middle and lower parts. Growing plants could better enrich the microorganisms around the substrate and increased the diversity of bacterial community. The combined constructed wetland formed the nitrification-denitrification system,enhancing the purification efficiency of TN,even 20% to 30% higher than the general hybrid constructed wetland of subsurface flow and free water surface flow system.
引文
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Chouari R,Le Paslier D,Daegelen P,et al.2005.Novel predominant archaeal and bacterial groups revealed by molecular analysis of an anaerobic sludge digester[J].Environmental Microbiology,7(8):1104-1115
Cheon J,Hidaka T,Mori S,et al.2008.Applicability of random cloning method to analyze microbial community in full-scale anaerobic digesters[J].Journal of Bioscience and Bioengineering,106(2):134-140
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杜刚,黄磊,高旭,等.2013.人工湿地中微生物数量与污染物去除的关系[J].湿地科学,11(1):14-20
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Sun G,Gray K R,Biddlestone A J,et al.1999.Treatment of agricultural wastewater in a combined tidal flow-downwflow reed bed system[J].Water Science and Technology,40(3):139-146
Qiu G L,Ting Y P.2013.Osmotic membrane bioreactor for wastewater treatment and the effect of salt accumulation on system performance and microbial community dynamics[J].Bioresource Technology,150:287-297
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Juretschko S,Loy A,Lehner A,et al.2002.The microbial community composition of a nitrifying-denitrifying activated sludge from an industrial sewage treatment plant analyzed by the full-cycle rRNAapproach[J].Systematic and Applied Microbiology,25(1):84-99
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卢少勇,金相灿,余刚.2006.人工湿地的磷去除机理[J],生态环境,15(2):391-396
梁威,吴振斌,詹发萃,等.2004.人工湿地植物根区微生物与净化效果的季节变化[J].湖泊科学,16(4):312-317
Liu W T,Linning K D,Nakamura K,et al.2000.Microbial community changes in biological phosphate-removal systems on altering sludge phosphorus content[J].Microbiology,146(5):1099-1107
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Oehl F,Frossard E,Fliessbach A,et al.2004.Basal organic phosphorus mineralization in soils under different farming systems[J].Soil Biology and Biochemistry,36(4):667-675
Stottmeister U,Wieszner A,Kusehk P,et al.2003.Effects of Plants and microorganisms in constructed wetlands for waster treatment[J].Biotechnology Advances,22(1):93-117
Sun G,Zhao Y Q,Allen S.2005.Enhanced removal of organic matter and ammoniacal-nitrogen in a column experiment of tidal flow constructed wetland system[J].Journal of Biotechnology,115(2):189-197
Smith R C,Oerther D B.2006.Microbial community development in a laboratory-scale nitrifying activated sludge system with input from a side-stream bioreactor treating digester supernatant[J].Water Science and Technology,54(1):209-216
Tietz A,Kirschner A,Langergraber G,et al.2007.Characterisation of microbial biocoenosis in vertical subsurface flow constructed wetlands[J].Science of the Total Environment,380:163-172
田园,段亮,宋永会,等.2015.不同污泥龄膜生物反应器内微生物的群落结构特征[J].环境科学研究,28(3):453-459
王光华,刘俊杰,于镇华,等.2016.土壤酸杆菌门细菌生态学研究进展[J].生物技术通报,32(2):14-20
徐影,仇天雷,韩梅琳,等.2013.PCR-DGGE技术解析固体碳源表面生物膜的微生物群落结构[J].环境科学,34(8):3257-3563
项学敏,宋春霞,李彦生.2004.湿地植物芦苇和香蒲根际微生物特性研究[J].环境保护科学,8:35-38
Yu Z,Mohn W W.2001.Bacterial diversity and community structure in an aerated lagoon revealed by ribosomal intergenic spacer analyses and 16S ribosomal DNA sequencing[J].Applied and Environmental Microbiology,67:1565-1574
朱励之,黄娟,福大放,等.2012.人工湿地生态系统中的微生物作用及PCR-DGGE技术的应用[J].安全与环境工程,19(2):26-30
Zhang Y H P,Lynd L R.2005.Cellulose utilization by Clostridium thermocellum:bioenergetics and hydrolysis product assimilation[J].Proceeding of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America,102(20):7321-7325
Chouari R,Le Paslier D,Daegelen P,et al.2005.Novel predominant archaeal and bacterial groups revealed by molecular analysis of an anaerobic sludge digester[J].Environmental Microbiology,7(8):1104-1115
Cheon J,Hidaka T,Mori S,et al.2008.Applicability of random cloning method to analyze microbial community in full-scale anaerobic digesters[J].Journal of Bioscience and Bioengineering,106(2):134-140
成水平,夏宜.1998.香蒲、灯心草人工湿地的研究-Ⅱ,污水的空间[J].湖泊科学,10(1):62-66
杜刚,黄磊,高旭,等.2013.人工湿地中微生物数量与污染物去除的关系[J].湿地科学,11(1):14-20
Duan L,Song Y H,Xia S Q,et al.2013.Characterization of nitrifying microbial community in a submerged membrane bioreactor at short solids retention times[J].Bioresource Technology,149:200-207
Faulwetter J L,Gagnon V,Sundberg C,et al.2009.Microbial processes influencing performance of treatment wetlands:A review Review Article[J].Ecological Engineering,35(6):987-1004
Sun G,Gray K R,Biddlestone A J,et al.1999.Treatment of agricultural wastewater in a combined tidal flow-downwflow reed bed system[J].Water Science and Technology,40(3):139-146
Qiu G L,Ting Y P.2013.Osmotic membrane bioreactor for wastewater treatment and the effect of salt accumulation on system performance and microbial community dynamics[J].Bioresource Technology,150:287-297
国家环境保护总局.2002.水和废水监测分析方法(第4版)[M].北京:中国环境科学出版社
Hammer D A,Bastian R X.1989.Wetlands ecosystems:Natural water purifiers[A].In:Hammer,D.A.(ed).Constructed Wetlands for Wastewater Treatment:Municipal,Industrial,and Agri-cultural[C].Chelsea,MI:Lewis Publishers.5-19
Hiraishi A,Iwasaki M,Shinjo H.2000.Terminal restriction pattern analysis of 16S rRNA genes for the characterization of bacterial communities of activated sludge[J].Journal of Bioscience and Bioengineering,90(2):148-156
Ibekwe A M,Lyon S R,Leddy M,et al.2007.Impact of plant density and microbial composition on water quality from a free water surface constructed wetland[J].Journal of Applied Microbiology,102:921-936
Juretschko S,Loy A,Lehner A,et al.2002.The microbial community composition of a nitrifying-denitrifying activated sludge from an industrial sewage treatment plant analyzed by the full-cycle rRNAapproach[J].Systematic and Applied Microbiology,25(1):84-99
Ki D,Park J,Lee J,et al.2008.Microbial diversity and population dynamics of activated sludge microbial communities participating in electricity generation in microbial fuel cells[J].Water Science and Technology,58(11):2195-2201
Liang W,Wu Z B,Cheng S P,et al.2003.Roles of substrate microorganisms and urease activities in wastewater purification in a constructed wetland system[J].Ecological Engineering,21(2/3):191-195
卢少勇,金相灿,余刚.2006.人工湿地的磷去除机理[J],生态环境,15(2):391-396
梁威,吴振斌,詹发萃,等.2004.人工湿地植物根区微生物与净化效果的季节变化[J].湖泊科学,16(4):312-317
Liu W T,Linning K D,Nakamura K,et al.2000.Microbial community changes in biological phosphate-removal systems on altering sludge phosphorus content[J].Microbiology,146(5):1099-1107
雷旭,李冰,李晓,等.2015.复合垂直流人工湿地系统中不同植物根际微生物群落结构[J]生态学杂志,34(5):1373-1381
Oehl F,Frossard E,Fliessbach A,et al.2004.Basal organic phosphorus mineralization in soils under different farming systems[J].Soil Biology and Biochemistry,36(4):667-675
Stottmeister U,Wieszner A,Kusehk P,et al.2003.Effects of Plants and microorganisms in constructed wetlands for waster treatment[J].Biotechnology Advances,22(1):93-117
Sun G,Zhao Y Q,Allen S.2005.Enhanced removal of organic matter and ammoniacal-nitrogen in a column experiment of tidal flow constructed wetland system[J].Journal of Biotechnology,115(2):189-197
Smith R C,Oerther D B.2006.Microbial community development in a laboratory-scale nitrifying activated sludge system with input from a side-stream bioreactor treating digester supernatant[J].Water Science and Technology,54(1):209-216
Tietz A,Kirschner A,Langergraber G,et al.2007.Characterisation of microbial biocoenosis in vertical subsurface flow constructed wetlands[J].Science of the Total Environment,380:163-172
田园,段亮,宋永会,等.2015.不同污泥龄膜生物反应器内微生物的群落结构特征[J].环境科学研究,28(3):453-459
王光华,刘俊杰,于镇华,等.2016.土壤酸杆菌门细菌生态学研究进展[J].生物技术通报,32(2):14-20
徐影,仇天雷,韩梅琳,等.2013.PCR-DGGE技术解析固体碳源表面生物膜的微生物群落结构[J].环境科学,34(8):3257-3563
项学敏,宋春霞,李彦生.2004.湿地植物芦苇和香蒲根际微生物特性研究[J].环境保护科学,8:35-38
Yu Z,Mohn W W.2001.Bacterial diversity and community structure in an aerated lagoon revealed by ribosomal intergenic spacer analyses and 16S ribosomal DNA sequencing[J].Applied and Environmental Microbiology,67:1565-1574
朱励之,黄娟,福大放,等.2012.人工湿地生态系统中的微生物作用及PCR-DGGE技术的应用[J].安全与环境工程,19(2):26-30
Zhang Y H P,Lynd L R.2005.Cellulose utilization by Clostridium thermocellum:bioenergetics and hydrolysis product assimilation[J].Proceeding of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America,102(20):7321-7325
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