直流输电分布式接地极的建模分析
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摘要
为改善直流输电工程单极大地运行方式造成变压器直流偏磁问题和提升传统单一的直流极接地性能,提出了一种分布式接地极的工程方案,并建立了该方案的3种仿真计算模型,即完整计算模型、简化模型和纯电路模型。以湖北宜昌地区的接地极为典型算例,结果表明完整模型和简化模型的计算结果一致,而纯电路模型的结果偏离真解。电路模型的误差取决于子极间互阻与子极接地电阻之比。以湖北电网现有的4个独立的接地极为研究对象,采用简单的线性分布式接地极可使单一接地极入地直流电流下降16%,接地极周围最大地表电位下降24.9%。该方法为交直流混联电网应用分布式接地极提供了参考。
To solve the problem of the DC bias of transformer by earth-return mode of HVDC systems, and to improve the performance limitation of traditional DC ground electrodes, we proposed a design scheme of distributed HVDC ground electrodes. Meanwhile,we established three simulation models, namely a complete model, a simplified model and a pure circuit model. Taking the ground electrodes in Yichang in Hubei Province as an example, we calculated the distributed HVDC ground electrodes. The results show that the complete model and simplified model have achieved consistent results, while the results of the pure circuit model deviate from the true solution. Error of the pure circuit model depends on the ratio of the mutual resistance between the sub electrodes to the grounding resistance of the sub electrodes. Moreover, the four independent ground electrodes in Hubei Power Grid are taken as research objects, and the DC current of single ground electrode can be reduced by 16% and the maximum surface potential around the ground electrode can be reduced by 24.9% by using simple linear distributed grounding poles. The method can provide a reference for the application of distributed ground electrodes in AC-DC hybrid power grid.
To solve the problem of the DC bias of transformer by earth-return mode of HVDC systems, and to improve the performance limitation of traditional DC ground electrodes, we proposed a design scheme of distributed HVDC ground electrodes. Meanwhile,we established three simulation models, namely a complete model, a simplified model and a pure circuit model. Taking the ground electrodes in Yichang in Hubei Province as an example, we calculated the distributed HVDC ground electrodes. The results show that the complete model and simplified model have achieved consistent results, while the results of the pure circuit model deviate from the true solution. Error of the pure circuit model depends on the ratio of the mutual resistance between the sub electrodes to the grounding resistance of the sub electrodes. Moreover, the four independent ground electrodes in Hubei Power Grid are taken as research objects, and the DC current of single ground electrode can be reduced by 16% and the maximum surface potential around the ground electrode can be reduced by 24.9% by using simple linear distributed grounding poles. The method can provide a reference for the application of distributed ground electrodes in AC-DC hybrid power grid.
引文
[1]邹国平,姚晖,何文林,等.溪洛渡-浙西±800 kV特高压直流输电工程受端电网直流偏磁治理[J].高电压技术,2016,42(2):543-550.ZOU Guoping,YAO Hui,HE Wenlin,et al.DC bias suppression of receiving-end power grid in±800 k V Xiluodu-Zhexi UHVDC project[J].High Voltage Engineering,2016,42(2):543-550.
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[6]张涛,谈小瑞,黄悦华.特高压直流共用接地极的暂态温升分析[J].高电压技术,2015,41(2):3672-3678.ZHANG Tao,TAN Xiaorui,HUANG Yuehua.Analysis on transient temperature rise of UHVDC common grounding electrode[J].High Voltage Engineering,2015,41(2):3672-3678.
[7]刘士利,李承彬,拾杨,等.直流接地极引起的电气化铁路牵引变压器直流电流计算[J].高电压技术,2017,43(7):2161-2166.LIU Shili,LI Chengbin,SHI Yang,et al.Calculation of DC current caused by DC ground electrode in traction transformer of electrified railway[J].High Voltage Engineering,2017,43(7):2161-2166.
[8]ZHANG B,CAO F Y,MENG X B,et al.Numerical approach of impressed potential on buried pipelines near high-voltage DC grounding electrodes[J].IET Generation Transmission&Distribution,2018,12(5):1177-1182.
[9]文习山,刘晨蕾,李伟,等.考虑深层大地电阻率的电网广域直流电流分布数值计算[J].高电压技术,2017,43(7):2331-2339.WEN Xishan,LIU Chenlei,LI Wei,et al.Computation for wide-area direct current distribution of power grids considering deep earth resistivity[J].High Voltage Engineering,2017,43(7):2331-2339.
[10]PEREIRA W,SOARES M,NETO L.Horizontal multilayer soil parameter estimation through differential evolution[J].IEEETransactions on Power Delivery,2016,31(2):622-629.
[11]COELHO R A,PEREIRA A,NETO L.A high-performance multilayer earth parameter estimation rooted in Chebyshev polynomials[J].IEEETransactions on Power Delivery,2018,33(3):1054-1061.
[12]黄渤,吴广宁,曹晓斌,等.高压直流输电接地极溢流特性[J].电网技术,2013,37(4):1174-1179.HUANG Bo,WU Guangning,CAO Xiaobin,et al.Current overflow characteristics of earth electrodes for HVDC transmission system[J].Power System Technology,2013,37(4):1174-1179.
[13]XIE Z,LIN X,ZHANG Z,et al.Advanced DC bias suppression strategy based on finite dc blocking devices[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery,2017,32(6):2500-2509.
[14]WANG Z,XIE Z,LIU C,et al.Novel DC bias suppression device based on adjustable parallel resistances[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery,2018,33(4):1787-1797.
[15]刘鹏,郭倩雯,杨铭,等.抗直流偏磁的变压器中性点接地方式探讨[J].高电压技术,2015,41(3):794-799.LIU Peng,GUO Qianwen,YA Ming,et al.Discussion about neutral point connection mode of transformer to inhibit DC bias[J].High Voltage Engineering,2015,41(3):794-799.
[16]阮江军,徐闻婕,丁志锋,等.基于场路直接耦合模型的交流电网直流偏磁电流分布研究[J].高电压技术,2017,43(4):1333-1340.RUAN Jiangjun,XU Wenjie,DING Zhifeng,et al.Study of DC-bias current distribution in AC power system based on direct field-circuit coupled model[J].High Voltage Engineering,2017,43(4):1333-1340.
[17]周友斌,全江涛,文习山,等.直流输电分布式接地极建模与应用[J].电网技术,2015,39(2):387-392.ZHOU Youbin,QUAN Jiangtao,WEN Xishan,et al.HVDC ground electrode distributed modeling and application[J].Power System Technology,2015,39(2):387-392.
[18]黄义隆,张波,国建宝,等.改善直流电流地中分布的接地极互联技术研究[J].电网技术,2017,41(4):1338-1344.HUANG Yilong,ZHANG Bo,GUO Jianbao,et al.Research on improving DC current distribution in earth by interconnecting DCgrounding electrodes[J].Power System Technology,2017,41(4):1338-1344.
[2]杨娜,陈煜,潘卓洪,等.准东--皖南±1 100 kV特高压直流输电工程受端电网的直流偏磁影响预测及治理[J].电网技术,2018,42(2):381-387.YANG Na,CHEN Yu,PAN Zhuohong,et al.Influence prediction and suppression research of DC bias in eastern Junggar-Southern Anhui±1 100 kV UHVDC receiving-end grid[J].Power System Technology,2018,42(2):381-387.
[3]董曼玲,姚帅,郭磊,等.天山-中州特高压直流输电工程投运后河南电网主变直流偏磁分析及抑制[J].高电压技术,2017,43(2):611-618.DONG Manling,YAO Shuai,GUO Lei,et al.DC bias analysis and suppression of transformers in henan power grid after TianshanZhongzhou UHVDC transmission project commissioning[J].High Voltage Engineering,2017,43(2):611-618.
[4]于永军,杨琪,侯志远,等.天中直流工程入地电流对新疆哈密地区交流电网的影响[J].电网技术,2014,38(8):2298-2303.YU Yongjun,YANG Qi,HOU Zhiyuan,et al.Influence of grounding current in UHVDC transmission project from Tianshan to Zhongzhou on Hami AC power system in Xinjiang Uygur autonomous region[J].Power System Technology,2014,38(8):2298-2303.
[5]国家能源局.高压接地直流极技术导则:DL/T437-2012[S].北京:中国电力出版社,2012:1-14.National Energy Administration.Technical guide of HVDC earth electrode system:DL/T437-2012[S].Beijing,China:China Power Press,2005:1-14.
[6]张涛,谈小瑞,黄悦华.特高压直流共用接地极的暂态温升分析[J].高电压技术,2015,41(2):3672-3678.ZHANG Tao,TAN Xiaorui,HUANG Yuehua.Analysis on transient temperature rise of UHVDC common grounding electrode[J].High Voltage Engineering,2015,41(2):3672-3678.
[7]刘士利,李承彬,拾杨,等.直流接地极引起的电气化铁路牵引变压器直流电流计算[J].高电压技术,2017,43(7):2161-2166.LIU Shili,LI Chengbin,SHI Yang,et al.Calculation of DC current caused by DC ground electrode in traction transformer of electrified railway[J].High Voltage Engineering,2017,43(7):2161-2166.
[8]ZHANG B,CAO F Y,MENG X B,et al.Numerical approach of impressed potential on buried pipelines near high-voltage DC grounding electrodes[J].IET Generation Transmission&Distribution,2018,12(5):1177-1182.
[9]文习山,刘晨蕾,李伟,等.考虑深层大地电阻率的电网广域直流电流分布数值计算[J].高电压技术,2017,43(7):2331-2339.WEN Xishan,LIU Chenlei,LI Wei,et al.Computation for wide-area direct current distribution of power grids considering deep earth resistivity[J].High Voltage Engineering,2017,43(7):2331-2339.
[10]PEREIRA W,SOARES M,NETO L.Horizontal multilayer soil parameter estimation through differential evolution[J].IEEETransactions on Power Delivery,2016,31(2):622-629.
[11]COELHO R A,PEREIRA A,NETO L.A high-performance multilayer earth parameter estimation rooted in Chebyshev polynomials[J].IEEETransactions on Power Delivery,2018,33(3):1054-1061.
[12]黄渤,吴广宁,曹晓斌,等.高压直流输电接地极溢流特性[J].电网技术,2013,37(4):1174-1179.HUANG Bo,WU Guangning,CAO Xiaobin,et al.Current overflow characteristics of earth electrodes for HVDC transmission system[J].Power System Technology,2013,37(4):1174-1179.
[13]XIE Z,LIN X,ZHANG Z,et al.Advanced DC bias suppression strategy based on finite dc blocking devices[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery,2017,32(6):2500-2509.
[14]WANG Z,XIE Z,LIU C,et al.Novel DC bias suppression device based on adjustable parallel resistances[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery,2018,33(4):1787-1797.
[15]刘鹏,郭倩雯,杨铭,等.抗直流偏磁的变压器中性点接地方式探讨[J].高电压技术,2015,41(3):794-799.LIU Peng,GUO Qianwen,YA Ming,et al.Discussion about neutral point connection mode of transformer to inhibit DC bias[J].High Voltage Engineering,2015,41(3):794-799.
[16]阮江军,徐闻婕,丁志锋,等.基于场路直接耦合模型的交流电网直流偏磁电流分布研究[J].高电压技术,2017,43(4):1333-1340.RUAN Jiangjun,XU Wenjie,DING Zhifeng,et al.Study of DC-bias current distribution in AC power system based on direct field-circuit coupled model[J].High Voltage Engineering,2017,43(4):1333-1340.
[17]周友斌,全江涛,文习山,等.直流输电分布式接地极建模与应用[J].电网技术,2015,39(2):387-392.ZHOU Youbin,QUAN Jiangtao,WEN Xishan,et al.HVDC ground electrode distributed modeling and application[J].Power System Technology,2015,39(2):387-392.
[18]黄义隆,张波,国建宝,等.改善直流电流地中分布的接地极互联技术研究[J].电网技术,2017,41(4):1338-1344.HUANG Yilong,ZHANG Bo,GUO Jianbao,et al.Research on improving DC current distribution in earth by interconnecting DCgrounding electrodes[J].Power System Technology,2017,41(4):1338-1344.
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