浅析《黄帝内经》《伤寒杂病论》酒之论
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摘要
[目的]总结《黄帝内经》《伤寒杂病论》中有关酒之论述,以明酒之医理,指导临床实践。[方法]通过分析《黄帝内经》中酒之来源、酒本具之性能、上古之时酒疗之法,以及分析《伤寒杂病论》中以酒煎药、以酒炮制、以酒送服之相关功用,并附此二书中酒之禁忌,因酒致病之医案,来阐明酒之害。[结果]酒源于五谷,乃水谷之精,熟谷之液,其性剽悍滑利,为悍热之气,从卫气先行皮肤,先充络脉,令络脉满而经脉虚,可先谷而出,壮人气,同时酒客禁甘、醉者禁刺。且酒广为之用,既能内服醪酒、外敷、外搽、药熨,又能煎煮、炮制、送服中药,可行气活血通脉、温阳散寒助药力,然过饮可招致临床病变。[结论]酒能治病,亦能致病,故人们切勿妄饮伤身而致病,医者临床上对酒当合理运用,指导临床。
[Objective]To summarize the discussion about alcohol in Neijing and on miscellaneous diseases of typhoid fever,and to guide the clinical practice with the medicine of wine. [Methods] By analyzing the properties of wine origin,the method of liquor therapy in ancient times in Neijing,and we analyzes the related functions of decoction,processing and taking Chinese medicine with wine on Miscellaneous Diseases of Typhoid Fever of Zhongjing,and the taboo of wine and the medical cases of the diseases caused by wine were clarified in these two books. [Result] The wine is originated from five grains,which is the essence of water grains and the liquid of ripe grains. It has the characteristics of strong and smooth,and is the strong and hot gas.Wine follows the Weiqi to skin and fills the collaterals at first,making the collaterals full and the meridians empty. Wine can be drained before grain,make people strong,besides drinkers must ban sweet,drunk people must ban acupuncture. Moreover,wine is widely used,which can not only take raw wine,external compress,smear and iron,but also decoction,processing and taking Chinese medicine. It also can be used to stimulate Qi and blood circulation,warm Yang Qi and remove cold,increase the effect. However,excessive drinking can lead to clinical disease. [Conclusion]Wine can treat disease and also cause disease. We should use wine reasonably in clinic,don't drink too much.
[Objective]To summarize the discussion about alcohol in Neijing and on miscellaneous diseases of typhoid fever,and to guide the clinical practice with the medicine of wine. [Methods] By analyzing the properties of wine origin,the method of liquor therapy in ancient times in Neijing,and we analyzes the related functions of decoction,processing and taking Chinese medicine with wine on Miscellaneous Diseases of Typhoid Fever of Zhongjing,and the taboo of wine and the medical cases of the diseases caused by wine were clarified in these two books. [Result] The wine is originated from five grains,which is the essence of water grains and the liquid of ripe grains. It has the characteristics of strong and smooth,and is the strong and hot gas.Wine follows the Weiqi to skin and fills the collaterals at first,making the collaterals full and the meridians empty. Wine can be drained before grain,make people strong,besides drinkers must ban sweet,drunk people must ban acupuncture. Moreover,wine is widely used,which can not only take raw wine,external compress,smear and iron,but also decoction,processing and taking Chinese medicine. It also can be used to stimulate Qi and blood circulation,warm Yang Qi and remove cold,increase the effect. However,excessive drinking can lead to clinical disease. [Conclusion]Wine can treat disease and also cause disease. We should use wine reasonably in clinic,don't drink too much.
引文
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[8]张仲景.金匮要略[M].何任,何若苹,整理.北京:人民卫生出版社,2005.
[2]黄帝内经素问[M].田代华,整理.北京:人民卫生出版社,2005.
[3]灵枢经[M].田代华,刘更生,整理.北京:人民卫生出版社,2005.
[4]张仲景.伤寒论[M].钱超尘,郝万山,整理.北京:人民卫生出版社,2005:27.
[5]邹澍.本经疏证[M].上海:上海卫生出版社,1957:223-224.
[6]王好古.汤液本草[M].崔扫麈,尤荣辑,点校.北京:人民卫生出版社,1987:95.
[7]唐慎微.证类本草[M].北京:中国医药科技出版社,2011.
[8]张仲景.金匮要略[M].何任,何若苹,整理.北京:人民卫生出版社,2005.