南黄海盆地北凹泰州组烃源岩形成条件及资源潜力分析
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摘要
综合应用钻井、地震等地质资料,以"环境控源"为切入点,利用沉积环境与烃源岩发育之间的关系,结合沉积相、微量元素特征和生物标志化合物特征,论述北凹优质烃源岩形成的条件;针对泰州组这套烃源岩层,阐述其分布和地球化学特征;在此基础上,探讨了北凹泰州组烃源岩的资源潜力。研究结果表明,泰州组二段烃源岩发育于咸水背景下的深湖—半深湖沉积,有利于富氢有机质的保存,是烃源岩形成的有利环境;北凹泰州组烃源岩分布广、厚度大,有机质丰度高、类型好、成熟度高,生烃潜力巨大;根据盆地模拟,北凹生烃量112.18亿t,按照聚集系数1%～5%计算,北凹资源量为1.12～5.60亿t,资源量大。
Based on drill and seismic data,taking"environments control source rocks"as a breakthrough point,we analyzed the conditions for the formation of high-quality source rocks in North Sag in regard with the relationship between sedimentary environment and source rock development,combined with sedimentary facies, trace element characteristics and biomarker compound characteristics.At the same time,in view of the distribution and geochemical characteristics of this set of hydrocarbon source rocks,we discussed the resource potential of the Taizhou Formation source rocks of North Sag.The results show that the source rocks were developed in the deep-and semi-deep lacustrine facies under the saline water background,which is favorable for the preservation of organicmatter and the formation of source rocks.The source rocks of Taizhou Formation in North Sag are widely distributed in large thickness,high organic abundance and high maturity,and have great hydrocarbon generating potential.Through basin simulation calculation,the hydrocarbon amount in North Sag is 112.18 million tons;with an accumulation coefficient of 1%-5%,the resource potential of North Sag is 1.12-5.60 million tons,a large amount of resources.
Based on drill and seismic data,taking"environments control source rocks"as a breakthrough point,we analyzed the conditions for the formation of high-quality source rocks in North Sag in regard with the relationship between sedimentary environment and source rock development,combined with sedimentary facies, trace element characteristics and biomarker compound characteristics.At the same time,in view of the distribution and geochemical characteristics of this set of hydrocarbon source rocks,we discussed the resource potential of the Taizhou Formation source rocks of North Sag.The results show that the source rocks were developed in the deep-and semi-deep lacustrine facies under the saline water background,which is favorable for the preservation of organicmatter and the formation of source rocks.The source rocks of Taizhou Formation in North Sag are widely distributed in large thickness,high organic abundance and high maturity,and have great hydrocarbon generating potential.Through basin simulation calculation,the hydrocarbon amount in North Sag is 112.18 million tons;with an accumulation coefficient of 1%-5%,the resource potential of North Sag is 1.12-5.60 million tons,a large amount of resources.
引文
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[26]袁文芳,陈世悦,曾昌民.渤海湾盆地古近纪海侵问题研究进展及展望[J].沉积学报,2005,23(4):604-612.Yuan Wenfang,Chen Shiyue,Zeng Changmin.Research Development and Prospect on Paleogene Sea Transgression in Bohai Bay Basin[J].Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,2005,23(4):604-612.
[27]张国防,吴德云,马金珏.盐湖相石油早期生成[J].石油实验地质,1995,17(4):356-366.Zhang Guofang, Wu Deyun, Ma Jinyu.Early Generation of Oil from Saline Lake Facies[J].Experimental Petroleum Geology,1995,17(4):356-366.
[28]金强.柴达木盆地西部第三系盐湖沉积物微量元素组成及其地球化学特征[J].石油大学学报,2003,27(2):1-5.Jin Qiang.Composition and Geochemistry of Trace Elements in the Evaporates,Tertiary, Western Qaidam Basin[J].Journal of Petroleum University,2003,27(2):1-5.
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[2]朱光有,金强,张水昌,等.东营凹陷沙河街组湖相烃源岩组合特征[J].地质学报,2004,78(3):416-427.Zhu Guangyou,Jin Qiang,Zhang Shuichang,et al.Combination Characteristics of Lake Facies Source Rock in the Shahejie Formation,Dongying Depression[J].Acta Geologica Sinica,2004,78(3):416-427.
[3]孔凡仙,张林晔,周文,等.济阳坳陷优质烃源岩层地球化学特征及成烃潜力[J].复式油气田,2000,7(3):13-15Kong Fanxian,Zhang Linye,Zhou Wen,et al.Geochemical Characteristics and Hydrocarbon Generating Potential of Good Source Rocks in Jiyang depression[J].Multiple Oil-Gas Field,2000,7(3):13-15.
[4]侯读杰,张善文,肖建新,等.济阳坳陷优质烃源岩特征与隐蔽油气藏的关系分析[J].地学前缘,2008,15(2):137-146.Hou Dujie,Zhang Shanwen,Xiao Jianxin,et al.The ExcellentSourceRocksandAccumulationof Stratigraphic and Lithologic Traps in the Jiyang Depression,Bohai Bay Basin,China[J].Earth Science Frontiers,2008,15(2):137-146.
[5]张文正,杨华,杨奕华,等.鄂尔多斯盆地长7优质烃源岩的岩石学、元素地球化学特征及发育环境[J].地球化学,2008,37(1):59-64.Zhang Wenzheng,Yang Hua,Yang Yihua,et al.Petrology and Element Geochemistry and Development Environment of Yanchang Formation Chang-7 High Quality Source Rocks in Ordos Basin[J].Geochimica,2008,37(1):59-64.
[6]刘震,常迈,赵阳,等.低勘探程度盆地烃源岩早期预测方法研究[J].地学前缘,2007,14(4):159-167.Liu Zhen,Chang Mai,Zhao Yang,et al.Method of Early Prediction on Source Rocks in Basins with Low Exploration Activity[J].Earth Science Frontiers,2007,14(4):159-167.
[7]张功成,米立军,吴时国,等.深水区—南海北部大陆边缘盆地油气勘探新领域[J].石油学报,2007,28(2):15-21.Zhang Gongcheng,Mi Lijun,Wu Shiguo,et al.DeepwaterArea the New Prospecting Targets of Northern Continental Margin of South China Sea[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2007,28(2):15-21.
[8]陈建文.深水盆地油气勘探新领域[J].海洋地质动态,2003,19(8):38-41.Chen Jianwen.New Exploration Domain for Oil and Gas in Deep Water Basins[J].Marine Geology Letters,2003,19(8):38-41.
[9]谭思哲,高顺莉,葛和平,等.南黄海盆地二叠系烃源岩孢粉相特征及其形成环境分析[J].吉林大学学报(地球科学版),2015,45(3):691-700.Tan Sizhe,Gao Shunli,Ge Heping,et al.Palynofacies Characteristics and Formation Environment of Permian Source Rock in South Yellow Sea Basin[J].Journal of Jilin University(Earth Science Edition),2015,45(3):691-700.
[10]吴靖,姜在兴,童金环,等.东营凹陷古近系沙河街组四段上亚段细粒沉积岩沉积环境及控制因素[J].石油学报,2016,37(4):464-473.Wu Jing,Jiang Zaixing,Tong Jinhuan,et al.Sedimentary Environment and Control Factors of FineGrained Sedimentary Rocks in the Upper Fourth Member of Paleogene Shahejie Formation,Dongying Sag[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2016,37(4):464-473.
[11]马力,钱基,穆曰孔,等.苏北-南黄海盆地的构造演化和烃类形成[J].南京大学学报(地球科学版),1993,5(2):148-163.Ma Li,Qian Ji,Mu Yuekong,et al.Tectonic Evolution and Generating Hydrocarbons of Subei-Southern Yellow Sea Basin[J].Journal of Nanjing University(Earth Science Edition),1993,5(2):148-163.
[12]高顺莉,徐曦,周祖翼.南黄海北部盆地晚白垩世以来构造变形与盆地成因[J].石油与天然气地质,2015,36(6):924-933.Gao Shunli,Xu Xi,Zhou Zuyi.Structural Deformation and Genesis of the Northern Sub-Basin in South Yellow Sea Since Late Cretaceous[J].Oil&Gas Geology,2015,36(6):924-933.
[13]徐旭辉,周小进,彭金宁.从扬子地区海相盆地演化改造与成藏浅析南黄海勘探方向[J].石油实验地质,2014,36(5):523-531.Xu Xuhui,Zhou Xiaojin,Peng Jinning.Exploration Targets in Southern Yellow Sea Through Analysis of Tectono-Depositional Evolution and Hydrocarbon Accumulation of Marine Basin in Yangtze Area[J].Petroleum Geology&Experiment,2014,36(5):523-531.
[14]姚永坚,夏斌,冯志强,等.南黄海古生代以来构造演化[J].石油实验地质,2005,27(2):647-654.Yao Yongjian,Xia Bin,Feng Zhiqiang,et al.Tectonic Evolution of the South Yellow Sea Since the Paleozoic[J].Petroleum Geology&Experiment,2005,27(2):647-654.
[15]郑求根,蔡立国,丁文龙,等.黄海海域盆地的形成与演化[J].石油与天然气地质,2005,26(5):124-654.Zheng Qiugen,Cai Liguo,Ding Wenlong,et al.Development and Evolution of Basins in Yellow Sea[J].Oil&Gas Geology,2005,26(5):124-654.
[16]姚永坚,冯志强,郝天珧,等.对南黄海盆地构造层特征及含油气性的新认识[J].地学前缘,2008,15(6):232-240.Yao Yongjian,Feng Zhiqiang,Hao Tianyao,et al.A New Understanding of the Structural Layers in the South Yellow Sea Basin and Their HydrocarbonBearing Characteristics[J].Earth Science Frontiers,2008,15(6):232-240.
[17]马杏垣,刘和甫,王维襄,等.中国东部中、新生代断陷作用和伸展构造[J].地质学报,1983,57(1):22-32.Ma Xingyuan,Liu Hefu,Wang Weixiang,et al,MesoCenozoicFaultedDeperssionsandExtensional Tectonics of Eastern China[J].Acta Geologica Sinica,1983,57(1):22-32.
[18]赵金海.东海中、新生代盆地成因机制和演化:上[J].海洋石油,2004,24(4):6-14.Zhao Jinhai.The Forming Factors and Evolvement of the Mesozoic and Cenozoic Basin in the East China Sea:Prior[J].Offshore Oi1,2004,24(4):6-14.
[19]赵金海.东海中、新生代盆地成因机制和演化:下[J].海洋石油,2005,25(1):1-9.Zhao Jinhai.The Forming Factors and Evolvement of the Mesozoic and Cenozoic Basin in the East China Sea:Posterior[J].Offshore Oi1,2005,25(1):1-9.
[20] Miller E K,Blum J D,Friedland A J.Determination of Soil Exchanheable-Canon Loss and Weathering Rates Using Sr Isotope[J].Nature,1993,362:438-441.
[21] Bailey S W,Hornbeck J W,Priscoll C T,et al.Calcium Inputs and Transport in a Base Poor Forest Ecosystem as Interpreted by Srisotopes[J].Water Resource Res,1996,32:707-719.
[22] Reinhardt E G,Blenkinsop J,Patrerson R T.Assessment of a Sr Isotope(87 Sr/86Sr)Vital Effect in Marine Taxa from Lee Stocking Island,Bahamas[J].GeoMarine Letters,1998,18(3):241-246.
[23] Hills I R,Whitehead E V,Anders D E,et al.An Optically Active Triterpane,Gammacerane,in Green River,Colorado,Oil Shale Bitumen[J].Chemical Communications,1966,20:752-754.
[24] Peters K E,Moldowan J M.The Biomarker Guide:Interpreting Molecular Fossils in Petroleum and Ancient Sediments[M].Upper Saddle River:Prentice Hall Inc,1993:1-347.
[25]侯读杰,黄清华,黄福堂,等.松辽盆地海侵地层的分子地球化学特征[J].石油学报,1999,20(2):30-34.Hou Dujie,Huang Qinghua,Huang Futang,et al.The Characteristics of Molecular Geochemistry of Marine Transgression in Songliao Basin[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,1999,20(2):30-34.
[26]袁文芳,陈世悦,曾昌民.渤海湾盆地古近纪海侵问题研究进展及展望[J].沉积学报,2005,23(4):604-612.Yuan Wenfang,Chen Shiyue,Zeng Changmin.Research Development and Prospect on Paleogene Sea Transgression in Bohai Bay Basin[J].Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,2005,23(4):604-612.
[27]张国防,吴德云,马金珏.盐湖相石油早期生成[J].石油实验地质,1995,17(4):356-366.Zhang Guofang, Wu Deyun, Ma Jinyu.Early Generation of Oil from Saline Lake Facies[J].Experimental Petroleum Geology,1995,17(4):356-366.
[28]金强.柴达木盆地西部第三系盐湖沉积物微量元素组成及其地球化学特征[J].石油大学学报,2003,27(2):1-5.Jin Qiang.Composition and Geochemistry of Trace Elements in the Evaporates,Tertiary, Western Qaidam Basin[J].Journal of Petroleum University,2003,27(2):1-5.
[29]张枝焕,杨藩,李东明,等.中国新生界咸化湖相有机地球化学研究进展[J].地球科学进展,2000,15(1):65-70.Zhang Zhihuan,Yang Fan,Li Dongming,et al.The Organic Geochemistry Research Progress in Cenozoic Salified Lake in China[J].Advance in Earth Sciences,2000,15(1):65-70.
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