煤层采空区“三相”的激发极化特征
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摘要
激发极化法对煤层采空区、采空积水区、裂隙富水区等情况的探测,可以取得不同的响应特征,具有良好的区分效果。将该方法的物理–电学特性与土力学理论相结合,从土力学中的"三相"(固体、液体、气体)角度对激发极化法探测煤层采空积水等情况的不同特征进行理论分析,并进行了"三相"相关参数(饱和度、孔隙率)与激发极化特征(视电阻率、极化率)之间的关系实验。理论分析及实验结果表明:煤层采空区激发极化特征表现为"高电阻率、低极化率",采空积水区表现为"低电阻率、中–高极化率",裂隙富水区表现为"低电阻率、高极化率";煤层采空积水等不同情况下的激发极化特征与饱和度、孔隙率的变化密切相关。山西晋城某煤矿的工程实例,验证了理论分析成果。
Induced polarization(IP) method can obtain different response characteristics in detecting coal goafs, goaf water accumulation areas, fissure water areas etc, has a good distinguishing effect. Predecessors have conducted a lot of research on the detection mechanism of IP, but most of them are analyzed from the physicalelectrical characteristics of the method itself. By combining the physical-electrical characteristics of IP with the theory of soil mechanics, a theoretical analysis of the different characteristics of the IP to detect coal goaf wateretc from the "three-phases" was carried out. Experiments of the relationship between relevant parameters of "threephases"(saturation, porosity) and the IP characteristics(apparent resistivity, polarizability) were conducted. The theoretical analysis and experimental results show that the IP characteristics of coal goaf are of "high resistivity, low polarizability", the goaf water accumulation areas appears as "low resistivity, medium-high polarizability", and the fissure water areas appears as "low resistivity, high polarizability"; the IP characteristics of coal goaf water are closely related to the changes of saturation and porosity. An engineering example of a coal mine in Shanxi Jincheng verified the theoretical analysis results.
Induced polarization(IP) method can obtain different response characteristics in detecting coal goafs, goaf water accumulation areas, fissure water areas etc, has a good distinguishing effect. Predecessors have conducted a lot of research on the detection mechanism of IP, but most of them are analyzed from the physicalelectrical characteristics of the method itself. By combining the physical-electrical characteristics of IP with the theory of soil mechanics, a theoretical analysis of the different characteristics of the IP to detect coal goaf wateretc from the "three-phases" was carried out. Experiments of the relationship between relevant parameters of "threephases"(saturation, porosity) and the IP characteristics(apparent resistivity, polarizability) were conducted. The theoretical analysis and experimental results show that the IP characteristics of coal goaf are of "high resistivity, low polarizability", the goaf water accumulation areas appears as "low resistivity, medium-high polarizability", and the fissure water areas appears as "low resistivity, high polarizability"; the IP characteristics of coal goaf water are closely related to the changes of saturation and porosity. An engineering example of a coal mine in Shanxi Jincheng verified the theoretical analysis results.
引文
[1]温建亮,张胤彬.综合电法勘探在山西东南部煤田采空积水区中的应用[J].中国煤炭地质,2017,29(2):73-75.WEN Jianliang,ZHANG Yinbin.Application of integrated electrical prospecting in coal mine goafs in southeast of Shanxi Province[J].Coal Geology of China,2017,29(2):73-75.
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[9]杨春燕.激发极化法在地下水资源勘探中的应用[J].曲靖师范学院学报,2010,29(3):53-55.YANG Chunyan.Application of induced polarization method in groundwater resource exploration[J].Journal of Qujing Normal University,2010,29(3):53-55.
[10]孟建春,池海.激发极化法在呼市草原水源勘探中的应用[J].中国煤田地质,2006(2):62-63.MENG Jianchun,CHI Hai.Application of induced polarization method in Hulun Buir steppe water source exploration[J].Coal Geology of China,2006(2):62-63.
[11]关建武.激发极化法找水实践[J].地下水,2006,28(5):73-74.GUAN Jianwu.Induced polarization method for finding water[J].Groundwater,2006,28(5):73-74.
[12]郄卫东.瞬变电磁法在探测煤矿采空区及塌陷区中的应用[J].物探与化探,2012,36(增刊1):92-95.QIE Weidong.The application of Transient Electromagnetic Method to the detection of coal mine goaf and collapse areas[J].Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration,2012,36(S1):92-95.
[13]王谦.含水泥质砂岩激发极化效应的微观机理及数值模拟研究[D].东营:中国石油大学(华东),2010.
[14]关继腾,于华,王谦,等.储层岩石时间域激发极化效应的数学模拟[J].计算物理,2012,29(3):354-360.GUAN Jiteng,YU Hua,WANG Qian,et al.Mathematical simulation on induced polarization of reservoir rock in time domain[J].Chinese Journal of Computational Physics,2012,29(3):354-360.
[15]王谦,关继腾,房文静.泥质砂岩激发极化弛豫时间谱微观机理[J].煤田地质与勘探,2010,38(3):61-65.WANG Qian,GUAN Jiteng,FANG Wenjing.The microscopic mechanisms of induced polarization relaxation time spectra in shaly sandstone[J].Coal Geology&Exploration,2010,38(3):61-65.
[16]蒋宇冰.岩石激发极化现象的实验研究及理论分析[D].东营:中国石油大学(华东),2007.
[2]薄慧强.直流电极化测深在采空积水区测定中的应用[J].煤炭与化工,2016,39(6):118-120.BO Huiqiang.Application of Direct Current Polarization Sounding in goaf water areas[J].Coal and Chemical Industry,2016,39(6):118-120.
[3]张有旺.直流电极化测深在采空积水量计算中的应用[J].西部探矿工程,2016,28(12):150-152.ZHANG Youwang.Application of Direct Current Polarization Sounding in calculation of accumulated goaf water areas[J].West-China Exploration Engineering,2016,28(12):150-152.
[4]李金铭.地电场与电法勘探[M].北京:地质出版社,2005.
[5]傅良魁.激发极化法[M].北京:地质出版社,1982.
[6]李广信,张丙印,张建红.土力学(第2版)[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2013.
[7]翟建山,康静文,张子虎,等.用激发极化法探测煤层采空区积水[J].山西矿业学院学报,1997,15(3):241-247.ZHAI Jianshan,KANG Jingwen,ZHANG Zihu,et al.Detecting water in the goaf of coal seam with Induced Polarization Method[J].Shanxi Mining Institute Learned Journal,1997,15(3):241-247.
[8]李睿.煤炭勘查中岩土参数的统计分析[J].煤田地质与勘探,2016,44(5):117-121.LI Rui.Statistical analysis of geotechnical parameters in coal exploration[J].Coal Geology&Exploration,2016,44(5):117-121.
[9]杨春燕.激发极化法在地下水资源勘探中的应用[J].曲靖师范学院学报,2010,29(3):53-55.YANG Chunyan.Application of induced polarization method in groundwater resource exploration[J].Journal of Qujing Normal University,2010,29(3):53-55.
[10]孟建春,池海.激发极化法在呼市草原水源勘探中的应用[J].中国煤田地质,2006(2):62-63.MENG Jianchun,CHI Hai.Application of induced polarization method in Hulun Buir steppe water source exploration[J].Coal Geology of China,2006(2):62-63.
[11]关建武.激发极化法找水实践[J].地下水,2006,28(5):73-74.GUAN Jianwu.Induced polarization method for finding water[J].Groundwater,2006,28(5):73-74.
[12]郄卫东.瞬变电磁法在探测煤矿采空区及塌陷区中的应用[J].物探与化探,2012,36(增刊1):92-95.QIE Weidong.The application of Transient Electromagnetic Method to the detection of coal mine goaf and collapse areas[J].Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration,2012,36(S1):92-95.
[13]王谦.含水泥质砂岩激发极化效应的微观机理及数值模拟研究[D].东营:中国石油大学(华东),2010.
[14]关继腾,于华,王谦,等.储层岩石时间域激发极化效应的数学模拟[J].计算物理,2012,29(3):354-360.GUAN Jiteng,YU Hua,WANG Qian,et al.Mathematical simulation on induced polarization of reservoir rock in time domain[J].Chinese Journal of Computational Physics,2012,29(3):354-360.
[15]王谦,关继腾,房文静.泥质砂岩激发极化弛豫时间谱微观机理[J].煤田地质与勘探,2010,38(3):61-65.WANG Qian,GUAN Jiteng,FANG Wenjing.The microscopic mechanisms of induced polarization relaxation time spectra in shaly sandstone[J].Coal Geology&Exploration,2010,38(3):61-65.
[16]蒋宇冰.岩石激发极化现象的实验研究及理论分析[D].东营:中国石油大学(华东),2007.
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