基于岩层移动计算的工作面覆岩体渗透率变化研究
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摘要
为了揭示在采动影响下工作面上覆岩层在垮落、变形过程中导致的渗透率变化,对广泛应用于地表开采沉陷预测的影响函数法进行函数的修正与优化,设计了计算步骤并将其应用到地表下岩层内部的变形移动计算,建立了基于影响函数法的采动岩层移动预计模型,获得了岩层水平及垂直方向的应变描述。结合煤岩体渗透率的计算模型,建立了"面应变-孔隙率-渗透率"的描述煤岩体渗透率变化的表征模型。以某浅埋深工作面开采时期地表及覆岩层移动的现场观测数据为依据,对建立的岩层移动预测模型的可靠性进行了检验。结果表明:该模型的计算结果可靠性高,可以进一步应用其来计算展示该工作面在开采过后覆岩层的渗透率变化情况。
In order to calculate the permeability change of overlying strata caused by the strata caving and deformation during mining, the influence-function method, which is widely applied to the surface subsidence prediction, is revised and optimized in this study. Meanwhile, the detail steps are designed to calculate the strata deformation and movement, establishing the subsurface strata-movement-prediction model based on the influence-function method. Both the horizontal and vertical strain could be derived by above-mentioned model. Furthermore, according to the permeability model of coal and rock mass, a method of "strain-porosity-permeability" for characterizing permeability change is established. The reliability of the subsurface strata-movement-prediction model is tested, based on the field data of surface and overlying strata movement during mining in a shallow coal seam. Results indicate that this model has high reliability, and could also be applied to calculate the permeability change of overlying strata after mining activities.
In order to calculate the permeability change of overlying strata caused by the strata caving and deformation during mining, the influence-function method, which is widely applied to the surface subsidence prediction, is revised and optimized in this study. Meanwhile, the detail steps are designed to calculate the strata deformation and movement, establishing the subsurface strata-movement-prediction model based on the influence-function method. Both the horizontal and vertical strain could be derived by above-mentioned model. Furthermore, according to the permeability model of coal and rock mass, a method of "strain-porosity-permeability" for characterizing permeability change is established. The reliability of the subsurface strata-movement-prediction model is tested, based on the field data of surface and overlying strata movement during mining in a shallow coal seam. Results indicate that this model has high reliability, and could also be applied to calculate the permeability change of overlying strata after mining activities.
引文
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[18]赵延林,王卫军,万文,等.裂隙岩体渗流-断裂耦合机制及应用[J].岩土工程学报,2012,34(4):677-685.ZHAO Yanling,WANG Weijun,WAN Wen,et al.Seepage fracture coupling mechanism of fractured rock mass and its application[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2012,34(4):677-685.
[19]孙闯,张树光,贾宝新,等.花岗岩峰后力学特性试验与模型研究[J].岩土工程学报,2015,37(5):847-852.SUN Chuang,ZHANG Shuguang,JIA Baoxing,et al.Experimental and model study on mechanical properties of granite after peak[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2015,37(5):847-852.
[2]陈冉丽.三维光学测量技术在相似材料模型观测中的应用研究[D].徐州:中国矿业大学,2010.
[3]常占强,宫辉力.矿区地面沉降预计方法与应用前景分析[J].地球信息科学学报,2011,13(2):151-156.CHANG Zhanqiang,GONG Huili.Analysis and prospect on the prediction methods of ground subsidence in mining area[J].Journal of Geo-Information Science,2011,13(2):151-156.
[4]于广明,孙洪泉,赵建锋.采矿引起地表点动态下沉的分形增长规律研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2001,20(1):34-37.YU Guangming,SUN Hongquan,ZHAO Jianfeng.The fractal increment of dynamic subsidence of the ground surface point induced by mining[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics&Engineering,2001,20(1):34-37.
[5]李新强,高延法,张庆松.开采沉陷动态数值仿真研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2004,23(1):86-90.LI Xinqiang,GAO Yanfa,ZHANG Qingsong.Study on dynamic numerical simulation of mining-induced subsidence[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics&Engineering,2004,23(1):86-90.
[6]黄乐亭.开采沉陷力学的研究与发展[J].煤炭科学技术,2003,31(2):54-56.HUANG Leting.Research and development of mining subsidence mechanics[J].Coal Science and Technology,2003,31(2):54-56.
[7]任松,姜德义,杨春和.盐穴储气库破坏后地表沉陷规律数值模拟研究[J].岩土力学,2009,30(12):3595-3601,3606.REN Song,JIANG Deyi,YANG Chunhe.Numerical simulation of surface subsidence after salt cavern gas storage[J].Geotechnical Mechanics,2009,30(12):3595-3601,3606.
[8]阿维尔申C T.煤矿地下开采的岩层移动[M].北京:煤炭工业出版社,1959:1-18.
[9]钱鸣高,缪协兴,许家林.岩层控制中的关键层理论研究[J].煤炭学报,1996,21(3):2-7.QIAN Minggao,MIAO Xiexing,XU Jialing.Theoretical study of key strata in rock formation control[J].Journal of China Coal Society,1996,21(3):2-7.
[10]李培现.深部开采地表沉陷规律及预测方法研究[D].中国矿业大学,2012.
[11]许家林,钱鸣高,金宏伟.岩层移动离层演化规律及其应用研究[J].岩土工程学报,2004,26(5):632-636.XU Jialing,QIAN Minggao,JIN Hongwei.Study and application of bed separation distribution and development in the process of strata movement[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2004,26(5):632-636.
[12]邹友峰,邓喀中,马伟民.矿山开采沉陷工程[M].徐州:中国矿业大学出版社,2003:37-50.
[13]刘宝琛,廖国华.煤矿地表移动的基本规律[M].北京:中国工业出版社,1965:75-93.
[14]LUO Y,CHENG J W.An influence function method based subsidence prediction program for longwall mining operations in inclined coal seams[J].Journal of Mining Science and Technology,2009,19(9):592-598.
[15]LUO Y,QIU B.Enhanced subsurface subsidence[J].Mining Engineering,2012,64(10):78-84.
[16]邹友峰.开采沉陷预计参数的确定方法[J].焦作工学院学报,2001,20(4):253-257.ZOU Youfeng.Determination method of prediction parameters of mining subsidence[J].Journal of Jiangzuo Institute of Technology,2001,20(4):253-257.
[17]钱鸣高,石平五.矿山压力与岩层控制[M].徐州:中国矿业大学出版社,2003:29-41.
[18]赵延林,王卫军,万文,等.裂隙岩体渗流-断裂耦合机制及应用[J].岩土工程学报,2012,34(4):677-685.ZHAO Yanling,WANG Weijun,WAN Wen,et al.Seepage fracture coupling mechanism of fractured rock mass and its application[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2012,34(4):677-685.
[19]孙闯,张树光,贾宝新,等.花岗岩峰后力学特性试验与模型研究[J].岩土工程学报,2015,37(5):847-852.SUN Chuang,ZHANG Shuguang,JIA Baoxing,et al.Experimental and model study on mechanical properties of granite after peak[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2015,37(5):847-852.