污泥与秸秆共基质中温两相厌氧消化特性
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摘要
以污泥和秸秆为共基质,以沼气产量、ρ(VFA)(VFA为挥发性脂肪酸)和CODCr去除率等为指标,探究污泥与秸秆配比(以CODCr计,质量比分别为1∶0、1∶1、2∶1、3∶1)对中温两相厌氧消化工艺运行效能的影响,以及最佳配比时SRT(污泥停留时间)对产甲烷相厌氧消化稳态特性的影响.结果表明:与污泥试验组相比,添加秸秆试验组的厌氧消化效能均较好;污泥与秸秆的最佳配比为2∶1,该稳定状态下产酸相CODCr的去除率最高,为17. 5%,ρ(VFA)为752 mg/L;产甲烷相CODCr的去除率为33. 5%,ρ(VFA)为250 mg/L,产气量为47. 7 m L/d,总体运行效能较高.在最佳污泥与秸秆配比(2∶1)并设定产甲烷相反应器的SRT为20 d时,稳定状态下产甲烷相各组分的变化情况:CODCr去除率为41. 20%,ρ(VFA)为238 mg/L,产气量为51. 3 m L/d,沼气产率为8. 4 m L/(d·g).研究显示,当控制污泥与秸秆配比为2∶1、SRT为20 d时,中温两相厌氧消化工艺运行效果良好.
The effects of sludge-corn silage ratios(calculated as the CODCr,mass ratio is 1 ∶0,1 ∶1,2 ∶1,3 ∶1) on the performance of two-phase anaerobic digestion(TPAD) under mesophilic condition,and the influences of solid retention time(SRT) on the steady-state characteristics of anaerobic digestion in methanogenic phase at the optimal sludge-corn silage ratio were investigated with methane yield and CODCrremoval rates. The results showed that the performances of anaerobic digestion with corn silage were better than the control group,and the optimal ratio of sludge to corn silage was 2 ∶1. Under this stable condition,the removal rate of CODCrin acidification phase was 17. 5%,and the concentration of volatile fatty acid(VFA) was 752 mg/L; the removal rate of CODCrin methanogenic phase was33. 5%,the concentration of VFA was 250 mg/L,the biogas production was 47. 7 m L/d. Therefore,the overall performances of the TPAD of the co-substrates was fruitful. When the optimal ratio of sludge to corn silage(2 ∶1) was taken and the SRT of methanogenic reactor was set at 20 d,the methanogenic components changed in stable state were as follows: the removal rate of CODCrwas 41. 20%,the concentration of VFA was 238 mg/L,the biogas production was 51. 3 m L/d,and the biogas yield was 8. 4 m L/(d·g). The investigation indicated that the TPAD of the co-substrates under mesophilic condition had good performances when the ratio of sludge to corn silage was2 ∶1 and SRT was 20 d.
The effects of sludge-corn silage ratios(calculated as the CODCr,mass ratio is 1 ∶0,1 ∶1,2 ∶1,3 ∶1) on the performance of two-phase anaerobic digestion(TPAD) under mesophilic condition,and the influences of solid retention time(SRT) on the steady-state characteristics of anaerobic digestion in methanogenic phase at the optimal sludge-corn silage ratio were investigated with methane yield and CODCrremoval rates. The results showed that the performances of anaerobic digestion with corn silage were better than the control group,and the optimal ratio of sludge to corn silage was 2 ∶1. Under this stable condition,the removal rate of CODCrin acidification phase was 17. 5%,and the concentration of volatile fatty acid(VFA) was 752 mg/L; the removal rate of CODCrin methanogenic phase was33. 5%,the concentration of VFA was 250 mg/L,the biogas production was 47. 7 m L/d. Therefore,the overall performances of the TPAD of the co-substrates was fruitful. When the optimal ratio of sludge to corn silage(2 ∶1) was taken and the SRT of methanogenic reactor was set at 20 d,the methanogenic components changed in stable state were as follows: the removal rate of CODCrwas 41. 20%,the concentration of VFA was 238 mg/L,the biogas production was 51. 3 m L/d,and the biogas yield was 8. 4 m L/(d·g). The investigation indicated that the TPAD of the co-substrates under mesophilic condition had good performances when the ratio of sludge to corn silage was2 ∶1 and SRT was 20 d.
引文
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[24]刘蕾,张立国,尹军,等.不同有机质含量剩余污泥的两相厌氧消化研究[J].中国给水排水,2011,27(3):29-32.LIU Lei,ZHANG Liguo,YIN Jun,et al. Two-phase anaerobic digestion of waste activated sludge with different organic contents[J].China Water&Wastewater,2011,27(3):29-32.
[25] THAMSIRIROJ T,MURPHY J D.Modelling mono-digestion of grass silage in a 2-stage CSTR anaerobic digester using ADM1[J].Bioresource Technology,2011,102(2):948-959.
[26] XU R,ZHANG K,LIU P,et al.A critical review on the interaction of substrate nutrient balance and microbial community structure and function in anaerobic co-digestion[J]. Bioresource Technology,2018,72(10):311-320.
[27] CHEN Y,CHENG J,CREAMER K. Inhibition of anaerobic digestion process:a review[J]. Bioresource Technology,2008,99(10):4044-4064.
[28]张波,徐剑波,蔡伟民.有机废物厌氧消化过程中氨氮的抑制性影响[J].中国沼气,2003,21(3):26-28.ZHANG Bo,XU Jianbo,CAI Weimin. Review on the ammonia inhibition for anaerobic digestion[J]. China Biogas,2003,21(3):26-28.
[29] ZHOU A,GUO Z,YANG C,et al.Volatile fatty acids productivity by anaerobic co-digesting waste activated sludge and corn straw:effect of feedstock proportion[J]. Journal of Biotechnology,2013,168(2):234-239.
[30] PAUDEL S,KANG Y,YOO Y S,et al.Effect of volumetric organic loading rate(OLR)on H2,and CH4,production by two-stage anaerobic co-digestion of food waste and brown water[J]. Waste Management,2016,61:484-492.
[31]张念瑞,李倩,许曼娟,等.进料频率对餐厨垃圾与剩余污泥中温共发酵系统稳定性的影响[J].环境工程学报,2018,56(6):132-141.ZHANG Nianrui,LI Qian,XU Manjuan,et al. Effect of feeding frequency on stability of mesophilic co-digestion of food waste and waste activated sludge[J]. Chinese Journal of Environmental Engineering,2018,56(6):132-141.
[2] BLUMENSAAT F,KELLER J. Modelling of two-stage anaerobic digestion using the IWA Anaerobic Digestion Model No.1(ADM1)[J].Water Research,2005,39(1):171-183.
[3] FENG C,SHIMADA S,ZHANG Z,et al. A pilot plant two-phase anaerobic digestion system for bioenergy recovery from swine wastes and garbage[J].Waste Management,2008,28(10):1827-1834.
[4] ASLANZADEH S,RAJENDRAN K,TAHERZADEH M J. A comparative study between single-and two-stage anaerobic digestion processes:effects of organic loading rate and hydraulic retention time[J]. International Biodeterioration&Biodegradation,2014,95:181-188.
[5] CAVINATO C,BOLZONELLA D,FATONE F,et al.Optimization of two-phase thermophilic anaerobic digestion of biowaste for hydrogen and methane production through reject water recirculation[J].Bioresource Technology,2011,102(18):8605-8613.
[6] CAVINATO C,BOLZONELLA D,FATONE F,et al. Two-phase thermophilic anaerobic digestion process for biohythane production treating biowaste:preliminary results[J]. Water Science&Technology,2011,64(3):715-721.
[7] SELVAM A,XU S Y,GU X Y,et al.Food waste decomposition in leachbed reactor:role of neutralizing solutions on the leachate quality[J].Bioresource Technology,2010,101(6):1707-1718.
[8] SCHIEVANO A,TENCA A,SCAGLIA B,et al.Two-stage vs singlestage thermophilic anaerobic digestion:comparison of energy production and biodegradation efficiencies[J]. Environmental Science&Technology,2012,46(15):8502-8510.
[9] DEMIREL B,YENIGUN O. Two-phase anaerobic digestion processes:a review[J]. Journal of Chemical Technology&Biotechnology,2002,77(7):743-755.
[10] XU S,SELVAM A,WONG J W. Optimization of micro-aeration intensity in acidogenic reactor of a two-phase anaerobic digester treating food waste[J].Waste Management,2014,34(2):363-369.
[11] LAMA D D L,BORJA R,RINCON B.Performance evaluation and substrate removal kinetics in the semi-continuous anaerobic digestion of thermally pretreated two-phase olive pomace or‘Alperujo’[J].Process Safety&Environmental Protection,2016,105-112.
[12] LI Y,JIN Y.Effects of thermal pretreatment on acidification phase during two-phase batch anaerobic digestion of kitchen waste[J].Renewable Energy,2015,77:550-557.
[13] MAJHI B K,JASH T. Two-phase anaerobic digestion of vegetable market waste fraction of municipal solid waste and development of improved technology for phase separation in two-phase reactor[J].Waste Management,2016,58:152-159.
[14] WU Y,WANG C,LIU X,et al. A new method of two-phase anaerobic digestion for fruit and vegetable waste treatment[J].Bioresource Technology,2016,211:16-23.
[15] ALONSO R M,RIO R S D,GARCIA M P. Thermophilic and mesophilic temperature phase anaerobic co-digestion(TPAcD)compared with single-stage co-digestion of sewage sludge and sugar beet pulp lixiviation[J].Biomass&Bioenergy,2016,93:107-115.
[16] WU Y,WANG C,LIU X,et al. A new method of two-phase anaerobic digestion for fruit and vegetable waste treatment[J].Bioresource Technology,2016,211:16-23.
[17] LI W,GUO J,CHENG H,et al. Two-phase anaerobic digestion of municipal solid wastes enhanced by hydrothermal pretreatment:viability,performance and microbial community evaluation[J].Applied Energy,2017,189:613-622.
[18] ALATRISTE-MONDRAGON F,SAMAR P,COX H H J,et al.Anaerobic codigestion of municipal,farm,and industrial organic wastes:a survey of recent literature[J]. Water Environment Research,2006,78(6):607-618.
[19] ARENELL M,ASTALS S,MAND L,et al.Modelling anaerobic codigestion in Benchmark Simulation Model No. 2:parameter estimation,substrate characterization and plant-wide integration[J].Water Research,2016,98:138-146.
[20] SILVA F M S,MAHLER C F,OLIVEIRA L B,et al.Hydrogen and methane production in a two-stage anaerobic digestion system by co-digestion of food waste,sewage sludge and glycerol[J]. Waste Management,2018,28(7):301-311.
[21] CHEN X,YUAN H,ZOU D,et al.Improving biomethane yield by controlling fermentation type of acidogenic phase in two-phase anaerobic co-digestion of food waste and rice straw[J]. Chemical Engineering Journal,2015,273:254-260.
[22]刘广青,张瑞红,HAMED M E,等.批式与两相高温厌氧消化厨余和杂草废弃物对比研究[J].中国农业大学学报,2006,11(6):111-115.LIU Guangqing, ZHANG Ruihong, HAMED M E, et al.Biogasification from kitchen and grass wastes using batch and twostage anaerobic digester[J]. Journal of China Agricultural University,2006,11(6):111-115.
[23] REN J,YUAN X,LI J,et al.Performance and microbial community dynamics in a two-phase anaerobic co-digestion system using cassava dregs and pig manure[J]. Bioresource Technology,2014,155(4):342-351.
[24]刘蕾,张立国,尹军,等.不同有机质含量剩余污泥的两相厌氧消化研究[J].中国给水排水,2011,27(3):29-32.LIU Lei,ZHANG Liguo,YIN Jun,et al. Two-phase anaerobic digestion of waste activated sludge with different organic contents[J].China Water&Wastewater,2011,27(3):29-32.
[25] THAMSIRIROJ T,MURPHY J D.Modelling mono-digestion of grass silage in a 2-stage CSTR anaerobic digester using ADM1[J].Bioresource Technology,2011,102(2):948-959.
[26] XU R,ZHANG K,LIU P,et al.A critical review on the interaction of substrate nutrient balance and microbial community structure and function in anaerobic co-digestion[J]. Bioresource Technology,2018,72(10):311-320.
[27] CHEN Y,CHENG J,CREAMER K. Inhibition of anaerobic digestion process:a review[J]. Bioresource Technology,2008,99(10):4044-4064.
[28]张波,徐剑波,蔡伟民.有机废物厌氧消化过程中氨氮的抑制性影响[J].中国沼气,2003,21(3):26-28.ZHANG Bo,XU Jianbo,CAI Weimin. Review on the ammonia inhibition for anaerobic digestion[J]. China Biogas,2003,21(3):26-28.
[29] ZHOU A,GUO Z,YANG C,et al.Volatile fatty acids productivity by anaerobic co-digesting waste activated sludge and corn straw:effect of feedstock proportion[J]. Journal of Biotechnology,2013,168(2):234-239.
[30] PAUDEL S,KANG Y,YOO Y S,et al.Effect of volumetric organic loading rate(OLR)on H2,and CH4,production by two-stage anaerobic co-digestion of food waste and brown water[J]. Waste Management,2016,61:484-492.
[31]张念瑞,李倩,许曼娟,等.进料频率对餐厨垃圾与剩余污泥中温共发酵系统稳定性的影响[J].环境工程学报,2018,56(6):132-141.ZHANG Nianrui,LI Qian,XU Manjuan,et al. Effect of feeding frequency on stability of mesophilic co-digestion of food waste and waste activated sludge[J]. Chinese Journal of Environmental Engineering,2018,56(6):132-141.