消防救生气垫应用效能研究
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摘要
依托某基层消防中队训练场搭建实验平台,测量风机式通用型救生气垫和气柱型救生气垫的充气时间和补气时间,研究两类救生气垫的应用效能;使用60 kg消防假人在8、12、16m高度处分别开展模拟人体坠落实验,以九轴蓝牙姿态传感器监测消防假人坠落过程中三维轴向加速度。结果表明:气柱型救生气垫的充气、补气时间更短,应用效率更高;假人坠落高度较低(不大于8 m)时,两种救生气垫救生减伤效果相似;假人坠落高度较高(大于8 m,不大于16 m)时,风机式通用型救生气垫救生减伤效果更好,相对于气柱型救生气垫,平均可减轻人体约0.5个重力加速度荷载。
In order to study the application effectiveness of fan type of general fire rescue air-cushion and air column type of fire rescue air-cushion, an experimental platform was established based on a fire squadron training ground. The charging time and the recruiting time of different types of fire rescue air-cushion were measured.A dummy of 60 kg was used to carry out the experiment simulating the falling process of human body, and it was released from a height of 8, 12, 16 m respectively. The acceleration of dummy in three dimensions in the process of falling was monitored by nineshaft bluetooth attitude sensor. The results showed that: Air column type of fire rescue air-cushion had shorter charging time and recruiting time, and it was more efficient; When the dummy fell at a relatively lower height( no more than 8 m), the two kinds of rescue air-cushion had a similar life-saving and injury reducing effect;When the dummy fell at a relatively higher height( more than 8 m,and no more than 16 m),the fan type of general fire rescue air-cushion had better life-saving and injury reducing effect, and it couldreduce human body around 0.5 times gravitational acceleration than air column type of fire rescue air-cushion.
In order to study the application effectiveness of fan type of general fire rescue air-cushion and air column type of fire rescue air-cushion, an experimental platform was established based on a fire squadron training ground. The charging time and the recruiting time of different types of fire rescue air-cushion were measured.A dummy of 60 kg was used to carry out the experiment simulating the falling process of human body, and it was released from a height of 8, 12, 16 m respectively. The acceleration of dummy in three dimensions in the process of falling was monitored by nineshaft bluetooth attitude sensor. The results showed that: Air column type of fire rescue air-cushion had shorter charging time and recruiting time, and it was more efficient; When the dummy fell at a relatively lower height( no more than 8 m), the two kinds of rescue air-cushion had a similar life-saving and injury reducing effect;When the dummy fell at a relatively higher height( more than 8 m,and no more than 16 m),the fan type of general fire rescue air-cushion had better life-saving and injury reducing effect, and it couldreduce human body around 0.5 times gravitational acceleration than air column type of fire rescue air-cushion.
引文
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[2] GA 631-2006,消防救生气垫[S].
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[7]张禹海,袁宏蓉.绳索救援中锚点及锚点系统应用分析[J].消防科学与技术,2017,36(4):521-525.
[8]杨杰,李海洲,王振雄,等.绳索救援教学训练及实战应用研究[J].消防科学与技术,2016,35(11):1610-1613.
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[2] GA 631-2006,消防救生气垫[S].
[3]陈仕佺,肖锋.浅谈高空轻生事故的处置[J].中国公共安全(学术版),2013,(1):46-48.
[4]李娜,侯义斌,黄樟钦,等.基于三轴加速度信号的实时人体状态识别算法[J].北京工业大学学报,2012,38(11):1689-1693.
[5] HARRIS C M,CREDE CE.Shock and vibration handbook[M].Newyork:McGraw-Hill,2008.
[6]杨文俊.浅谈高空遇险事故的应急救援[J].职业卫生与应急救援,2011,29(2):61-62.
[7]张禹海,袁宏蓉.绳索救援中锚点及锚点系统应用分析[J].消防科学与技术,2017,36(4):521-525.
[8]杨杰,李海洲,王振雄,等.绳索救援教学训练及实战应用研究[J].消防科学与技术,2016,35(11):1610-1613.
[9]丁振良.误差理论与数据处理[M].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学出版社,2002.
[10]杨汝彬.国内消防高空救援工作问题分析[J].中国科技纵横,2014,(15):218-224.
[11]薛洋.基于单个加速度传感器的人体运动模式识别[D].广州:华南理工大学,2011.
[12]梁兵,甘皓元.在实验室中利用自由落体测定空气阻力系数[J].百色学院学报,2009,22(6):58-60.