广西凤山县典型土壤垂向剖面元素地球化学特征
|
摘要
以广西凤山县典型土壤垂向剖面为研究对象,研究在垂向上土壤常量元素与微量元素的分布与变化特征,并通过富集系数、单项污染指数及内梅罗综合污染指数讨论土壤重金属元素污染情况。结果表明剖面土壤普遍经历了强烈的风化淋滤作用,脱硅富铝铁程度较明显。Al_2O_3、K_2O、TFe_2O_3、Zn、Ni含量总体均随着土壤层深度增加呈上升趋势,SiO_2、C.org、P含量随着土壤层深度的增加而下降。P3、P4样品pH值在6.98～7.48之间,呈弱碱性,P1、P2、P5剖面样品pH值在5.78～6.65之间,呈中性。P1、P2剖面样品的Cd、Pb、Zn、Ni元素含量水平总体低于P3、P4、P5剖面样品。P4剖面样品除As元素外,其他各重金属元素富集系数均> 1,P3、P4、P5剖面样品Cd元素富集系数普遍> 1。通过单项污染指数及内梅罗综合污染指数计算,P3、P4、P5剖面中Cd存在超标现象,其中P5剖面表现为重度超标。
Taking the vertical profile of typical soil in Fengshan County of Guangxi as the research object, the distribution and variation characteristics of constant elements and trace elements in vertical soil were studied, and the pollution of soil heavy metal elements was discussed by enrichment factor, single pollution index and Nemero comprehensive pollution index. The results showed that the profile soil generally experienced a strong weathering leaching effect, and the degree of desilication aluminum-rich iron was more obvious. The contents of Al_2O_3, K_2O, TFe_2O_3, Zn and Ni showed an upward trend with the increase of soil layer depth, and the content of SiO_2, C.org and P decreased with the increase of soil layer depth. The pH value of P3, P4 samples are between 6.98 ～ 7.48, weak alkaline, and P1, P2, P5 profile samples are between5.78 ～ 6.65, is neutral. Cd, Pb, Zn, Ni element content level of P1, P2 profile samples is generally lower than P3, P4, P5 profile samples; In addition to the As element, the enrichment factor of other heavy metal elements of P4 profile samples is>1, Cd element enrichment factor of P3, P4, P5 profile samples is generally >1. By calution of the single pollution index and the Nemero comprehensive pollution index, the Cd of P3, P4 and P5 profile samples has exceeded the soil envirmental standard, among which the P5 profile is severely exceeded the standard.
Taking the vertical profile of typical soil in Fengshan County of Guangxi as the research object, the distribution and variation characteristics of constant elements and trace elements in vertical soil were studied, and the pollution of soil heavy metal elements was discussed by enrichment factor, single pollution index and Nemero comprehensive pollution index. The results showed that the profile soil generally experienced a strong weathering leaching effect, and the degree of desilication aluminum-rich iron was more obvious. The contents of Al_2O_3, K_2O, TFe_2O_3, Zn and Ni showed an upward trend with the increase of soil layer depth, and the content of SiO_2, C.org and P decreased with the increase of soil layer depth. The pH value of P3, P4 samples are between 6.98 ～ 7.48, weak alkaline, and P1, P2, P5 profile samples are between5.78 ～ 6.65, is neutral. Cd, Pb, Zn, Ni element content level of P1, P2 profile samples is generally lower than P3, P4, P5 profile samples; In addition to the As element, the enrichment factor of other heavy metal elements of P4 profile samples is>1, Cd element enrichment factor of P3, P4, P5 profile samples is generally >1. By calution of the single pollution index and the Nemero comprehensive pollution index, the Cd of P3, P4 and P5 profile samples has exceeded the soil envirmental standard, among which the P5 profile is severely exceeded the standard.
引文
[1]黄昌勇,徐建明.土壤学[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2010.
[2]熊顺贵.基础土壤学[M].北京:中国农业大学出版社,2001.
[3]朱立新,马生明,周国华,等.冲积平原区土壤元素组成特征及其示踪作用[J].地质与勘探,2002(4):56~59.
[4]X.Xie and H.C heng.The suit ability of floodplain sediment as a global sampling medium:evidence from China[J].Journal of geochemical exploration,1997,58(1):51~62.
[5]A G Darnley,A Bj?rklund,B lviken,N Gustavsson,P VKoval,J A Plant,A S teenfelt,M Tauchid and Xie Xuejing.Aglobal geochemical dat abase f or environmental and resource management-Recommendations f or International Geochemical Mapping[R].Final report of IGCP project 259,UNESCOPublishing,1995.
[6]朱立新,马生明,周国华,等.冲积平原区土壤元素组成特征及其示踪作用[J].地质与勘探,2002(4):56~59.
[7]DZ/T 0258-2014,多目标区域地球化学调查规范(1:250000)[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2015.
[8]迟清华,嫣明才.应用地球化学元素丰度数据手册[M].北京:地质出版社,2007.
[9]王云,魏复盛.土壤环境元素化学[M].北京:中国环境科学出版社,1995:394.
[10]杨剑虹,王成林,代亨林.土壤农化分析与环境监测[M].北京:中国大地出版社,2008:118-119.
[11]McLennan S M.Weathering and global denudation[J].Journal of Geology,1993,101:295-303.
[12]王存龙,赵西强,蒋文惠,等.山东省乐陵-河口地区重金属污染现状与分布迁移规律[J].物探与化探,2012,36(3):435-440.
[13]Bo P,Zhao L,Song X L,et al.Release of heavy metals during weathering of the lower ambrian Black Shales in western Hunan,China[J].Environmental Geology,2004,45:1137-1147.
[14]沈骁,姬丙艳,田兴元,等.青海东部地区土壤重金属污染评价[J].物探与化探,2014,38(6):1246-1251.
[15]刘英俊,曹励明,李兆鳞,等.元素地球化学[M].北京:科学出版社,1984.
[16]刘银飞,孙彬彬,贺灵,等.福建龙海土壤垂向剖面元素分布特征[J].物探与化探,2016,40(4):713-721.
[17]ANSARI A A.SINGH I B.TOBSCHALL H J.Importance of geomorphology and sedimentation processes for metal dispersion in sediments and soils of the Ganga Plain:identification of geochemical domains[J].Chemical Geology,2000,162:245-266.
[18]DZ/T 0295-2016,土地质量地球化学评价规范[S].北京:地质出版社,2019.
[19]CHEN huaiman.Environmental Soil Science(环境土壤学)[M].Beijing:Science Press,2005:211.
[20]原国土资源部中国地质调查局,中国耕地地球化学调查报告(2015)[R].北京:2015.
[2]熊顺贵.基础土壤学[M].北京:中国农业大学出版社,2001.
[3]朱立新,马生明,周国华,等.冲积平原区土壤元素组成特征及其示踪作用[J].地质与勘探,2002(4):56~59.
[4]X.Xie and H.C heng.The suit ability of floodplain sediment as a global sampling medium:evidence from China[J].Journal of geochemical exploration,1997,58(1):51~62.
[5]A G Darnley,A Bj?rklund,B lviken,N Gustavsson,P VKoval,J A Plant,A S teenfelt,M Tauchid and Xie Xuejing.Aglobal geochemical dat abase f or environmental and resource management-Recommendations f or International Geochemical Mapping[R].Final report of IGCP project 259,UNESCOPublishing,1995.
[6]朱立新,马生明,周国华,等.冲积平原区土壤元素组成特征及其示踪作用[J].地质与勘探,2002(4):56~59.
[7]DZ/T 0258-2014,多目标区域地球化学调查规范(1:250000)[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2015.
[8]迟清华,嫣明才.应用地球化学元素丰度数据手册[M].北京:地质出版社,2007.
[9]王云,魏复盛.土壤环境元素化学[M].北京:中国环境科学出版社,1995:394.
[10]杨剑虹,王成林,代亨林.土壤农化分析与环境监测[M].北京:中国大地出版社,2008:118-119.
[11]McLennan S M.Weathering and global denudation[J].Journal of Geology,1993,101:295-303.
[12]王存龙,赵西强,蒋文惠,等.山东省乐陵-河口地区重金属污染现状与分布迁移规律[J].物探与化探,2012,36(3):435-440.
[13]Bo P,Zhao L,Song X L,et al.Release of heavy metals during weathering of the lower ambrian Black Shales in western Hunan,China[J].Environmental Geology,2004,45:1137-1147.
[14]沈骁,姬丙艳,田兴元,等.青海东部地区土壤重金属污染评价[J].物探与化探,2014,38(6):1246-1251.
[15]刘英俊,曹励明,李兆鳞,等.元素地球化学[M].北京:科学出版社,1984.
[16]刘银飞,孙彬彬,贺灵,等.福建龙海土壤垂向剖面元素分布特征[J].物探与化探,2016,40(4):713-721.
[17]ANSARI A A.SINGH I B.TOBSCHALL H J.Importance of geomorphology and sedimentation processes for metal dispersion in sediments and soils of the Ganga Plain:identification of geochemical domains[J].Chemical Geology,2000,162:245-266.
[18]DZ/T 0295-2016,土地质量地球化学评价规范[S].北京:地质出版社,2019.
[19]CHEN huaiman.Environmental Soil Science(环境土壤学)[M].Beijing:Science Press,2005:211.
[20]原国土资源部中国地质调查局,中国耕地地球化学调查报告(2015)[R].北京:2015.