碳素纤维在近岸海洋污染物磷酸盐、硅酸盐处理中的应用
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摘要
对碳素纤维进行氧化改性,利用改性后的碳素纤维处理近岸污染海水,重点研究了改性碳素纤维对海水中活性磷酸盐和活性硅酸盐的吸附作用。考察了碳素纤维液相改性时间、碳素纤维投加量、活性磷酸盐初始浓度、活性硅酸盐初始浓度、吸附时间、海况、pH值等单因素对近岸海洋污染物磷酸盐、硅酸盐吸附效果的影响。研究结果表明:改性碳素纤维对硅酸盐的吸附效果较好,去除率可达70%,对活性磷酸盐的去除率为31%左右。通过正交实验确定改性碳素纤维材料修复模拟近岸海水的优化条件为:碳素纤维改性时间为1.5 h,投加量为0.01 g,硅酸盐初始浓度为3mg/L,磷酸盐初始浓度为20 mg/L,海况为3级,pH值为8,吸附时间为3 h。在此条件下,碳素纤维对磷酸盐的去除率可达31.06%,硅酸盐去除率可达70.88%。
Carbon fiber was modified by oxidation and used to treat the coastal pollutional seawater. It is focused on the adsorption of active phosphate and active silicate in seawater by modified carbon fiber. Adsorptive efficiencies of phosphate and silicate were investigated by changing the time of liquid modifying carbon fiber,dosage of carbon fiber,initial concentration of active phosphate,initial concentration of active silicate,adsorption time,sea state and pH value. The results showed that the adsorptive efficiency of silicate on modified carbon fiber was better and the adsorptive rate could reach to 70%,while the phosphate adsorptive rate was about 31%. The optimal conditions of modified carbon fiber materials remedying the coastal seawater were tested by the orthogonal experiment. When the carbon fiber modified time was 1. 5 h,the dosage of carbon fiber was 0. 01 g,the initial concentration of activity silicate was 3 mg/L,the initial concentration of phosphate was 20 mg/L,the sea state was 3 level,the pH value was 8,the adsorptive time was 3 h,the removal rates of phosphate and silicate by modified carbon fiber were 31. 06% and 70. 88%,respectively.
Carbon fiber was modified by oxidation and used to treat the coastal pollutional seawater. It is focused on the adsorption of active phosphate and active silicate in seawater by modified carbon fiber. Adsorptive efficiencies of phosphate and silicate were investigated by changing the time of liquid modifying carbon fiber,dosage of carbon fiber,initial concentration of active phosphate,initial concentration of active silicate,adsorption time,sea state and pH value. The results showed that the adsorptive efficiency of silicate on modified carbon fiber was better and the adsorptive rate could reach to 70%,while the phosphate adsorptive rate was about 31%. The optimal conditions of modified carbon fiber materials remedying the coastal seawater were tested by the orthogonal experiment. When the carbon fiber modified time was 1. 5 h,the dosage of carbon fiber was 0. 01 g,the initial concentration of activity silicate was 3 mg/L,the initial concentration of phosphate was 20 mg/L,the sea state was 3 level,the pH value was 8,the adsorptive time was 3 h,the removal rates of phosphate and silicate by modified carbon fiber were 31. 06% and 70. 88%,respectively.
引文
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[4]Kamermans P,Malta E J,Verschuure J M,et al.Role of cold resistance and burial for winter survival and spring initiation of an Ulva spp.(Chlorop Hyta)bloom in a eutrop Hic lagoon(Veerse Meer lagoon.The Netherlands)[J].Marine Biology,1998,131(1):45-51.
[5]国家环境保护总局.水和废水监测分析方法[M].4版.北京:中国环境科学出版社,2002.
[6]任天昊,杨智临,郭琳,等.改性活性炭纤维对废水中2,4-D的吸附性能研究[J].环境科学与技术,2016,39(S1):265-271,284
[7]李中振.改性活性碳纤维处理低浓度氨氮废水研究[D].北京:北京化工大学,2015
[8]孙栋,王春生.深远海浮游动物生态学研究进展[J].生态学报,2017,37(10):1-13.
[9]徐晓白,魏复盛.环渤海陆域和近岸海域持久性有机污染物污染现状调查与控制对策[J].中国科学院院刊,2010,25(3):305-306.
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