青海某硫化铅锌矿选矿工艺优化研究
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摘要
青海某铅锌硫化矿石选矿厂采用中性介质下优先浮铅—锌硫混浮—锌硫分离工艺流程处理矿石,导致生产不够稳定,选矿指标不理想。为解决此问题,采用中性介质下优先选铅—碱性介质下优先选锌—硫酸调浆再选硫的原则流程进行了选矿试验。结果表明:矿石在磨矿细度为-0.074 mm占55%的情况下,采用1粗2精1扫选铅、1粗2精1扫选锌、1次浮选选硫流程处理矿石,获得了铅品位为70.72%、含锌2.14%、含硫19.98%、含金1.92 g/t、含银1 322.45 g/t,铅回收率为91.78%、金回收率为14.28%、银回收率为76.29%的铅精矿;锌品位为48.86%、含铅0.26%、含硫32.67%,锌回收率为97.88%的锌精矿;硫品位为47.44%、含金0.67 g/t、含铅0.11%、含锌0.17%,硫回收率为64.14%、金回收率为80.86%的硫精矿。新工艺流程更简洁,生产更稳定顺畅,电耗和药剂成本均有所下降,在铅、锌精矿质量指标相当的情况下,铅、锌回收率分别提高了0.50和4.32个百分点,伴生金银和硫精矿指标也得到了改善。
Preferential flotation of lead at neutral medium,mixed flotation of zinc-sulfur and separation of zinc-sulfur process were adopted to treat ores in a lead-zinc sulfide ores concentrator of Qinghai province,which caused unstable production and unsatisfactory index. In order to solve the problems,beneficial tests was carried out in the process of preferential flotation of lead at neutral medium,preferential flotation of zinc at alkaline medium and sulfur separation after pulp condition with sulfuric acid. The results indicated that in the case of grinding fineness of-0.074 mm accounting for 55%,lead was selected with one roughing-two cleaning-one scavenging,zinc was selected with one roughing-two cleaning-one scavenging and sulfur was selected with one flotation. The lead concentrate was obtained with lead grade of 70.72%,zinc grade of 2.14%,sulfur grade of 19.98%,gold grade of 1.92 g/t,silver grade of 1 322.45 g/t,lead recovery of 91.78%,gold recovery of 14.28%and silver recovery of 76.29%. The zinc concentrate was obtained with zinc grade of 48.86%,lead grade of 0.26%,sulfur grade of 32.67% and zinc recovery of 97.88%. The sulfur concentrate was obtained with sulfur grade of 47.44%,gold grade of0.67 g/t,lead grade of 0.11%,zinc grade of 0.17%,sulfur recovery of 64.14% and gold recovery of 80.86%. The new process is more concise,and the production is more stable and smooth. Also,power consumption and reagent costs are reduced. In the same grade index of lead and zinc,the recovery of lead and zinc were increased by 0.50 and 4.32 percentage points,respectively. In addition,the flotation index of associated gold and silver were improved.
Preferential flotation of lead at neutral medium,mixed flotation of zinc-sulfur and separation of zinc-sulfur process were adopted to treat ores in a lead-zinc sulfide ores concentrator of Qinghai province,which caused unstable production and unsatisfactory index. In order to solve the problems,beneficial tests was carried out in the process of preferential flotation of lead at neutral medium,preferential flotation of zinc at alkaline medium and sulfur separation after pulp condition with sulfuric acid. The results indicated that in the case of grinding fineness of-0.074 mm accounting for 55%,lead was selected with one roughing-two cleaning-one scavenging,zinc was selected with one roughing-two cleaning-one scavenging and sulfur was selected with one flotation. The lead concentrate was obtained with lead grade of 70.72%,zinc grade of 2.14%,sulfur grade of 19.98%,gold grade of 1.92 g/t,silver grade of 1 322.45 g/t,lead recovery of 91.78%,gold recovery of 14.28%and silver recovery of 76.29%. The zinc concentrate was obtained with zinc grade of 48.86%,lead grade of 0.26%,sulfur grade of 32.67% and zinc recovery of 97.88%. The sulfur concentrate was obtained with sulfur grade of 47.44%,gold grade of0.67 g/t,lead grade of 0.11%,zinc grade of 0.17%,sulfur recovery of 64.14% and gold recovery of 80.86%. The new process is more concise,and the production is more stable and smooth. Also,power consumption and reagent costs are reduced. In the same grade index of lead and zinc,the recovery of lead and zinc were increased by 0.50 and 4.32 percentage points,respectively. In addition,the flotation index of associated gold and silver were improved.
引文
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[14]邱廷省,何元卿,余文,等.硫化铅锌矿铅锌分离技术的研究现状及进展[J].金属矿山,2016(3):1-9.Qiu Tingsheng,He Yuanqing,Yu Wen,et al.Research status and progress of lead-zinc separation technology for lead-zinc sulfide ore[J].Metal Mine,2016(3):1-9.
[15]赵福刚.我国铅锌选矿技术现状[J].有色矿冶,2007(6):20-25.Zhao Fugang.Present situation of lead-zinc beneficiation technology in China[J].Nonferrous Mines and Metallurgy,2007(6):20-25.
[16]何丽萍,罗仙平,付丹,等.浮选作业浓度对锌选矿回收率的影响[J].有色金属:选矿部分,2009(1):1-3.He Liping,Luo Xianping,Fu Dan,et al.Effect of flotation concentration on zinc recovery[J].Nonferrous Metals:Mineral Processing Section,2009(1):1-3.
[17]叶富兴,宋宝旭,胡真,等.硫化铅锌矿中共伴生银的强化回收技术研究现状和发展概况[J].有色金属:选矿部分,2013(12):15-19.Ye Fuxing,Song Baoxu,Hu Zhen,et al.Research status and development of enhanced recovery technology of associated silver in lead-zinc sulfide ores[J].Nonferrous Metals:Mineral Processing Section,2013(12):15-19.
[2]Luo X,Feng B,Wong C,et al.The critical importance of pulp concentration on the flotation of galena from a low grade lead-zinc ore[J].Journal of Materials Research and Technology,2016(2):131-135.
[3]邹光旭,吴雪兰,郭争争,等.铅锌矿铅锌浮选的研究进展[J].安徽化工,2017(6):13-18.Zou Guangxu,Wu Xuelan,Guo Zhengzheng,et al.Research progress of lead-zinc flotation of lead-zinc ore[J].Anhui Chemical Industry,2017(6):13-18.
[4]陈喜峰,彭润民.中国铅锌资源形式及可持续发展对策[J].有色金属,2008(3):129-132.Chen Xifeng,Peng Runmin.Forms of lead and zinc resources and sustainable development strategies in China[J].Nonferrous Metals,2008(3):129-132.
[5]赵志强,杨林峰,缪建成,等.栖霞山银铅锌矿选矿废水全回用技术的研究与应用[J].有色金属:选矿部分,2018(6):29-34.Zhao Zhiqiang,Yang Linfeng,Miao Jiancheng,et al.Study and application of the technology of full recycling of beneficiation wastewater from Qixia Mountain silver-lead-zinc Mine[J].Nonferrous Metals:Mineral Processing Section,2018(6):29-34.
[6]邓小龙,李茂林,徐寒冰,等.某铅锌矿选锌尾矿工艺矿物学分析[J].矿产综合利用,2018(5):93-96.Deng Xiaolong,Li Maolin,Xu Hanbing,et al.Mineralogical analysis of zinc processing tailings in a lead-zinc mine[J].Comprehensive Utilization of Minerals,2018(5):93-96.
[7]冉银华,杨茂春,肖东升,等.某细粒粉状铅锌矿锌浮选试验[J].现代矿业,2018(10):99-102.Ran Yinhua,Yang Maochun,Xiao Dongsheng,et al.Zinc flotation test of a fine powdered lead-zinc ore[J].Modern Mining,2018(10):99-102.
[8]付金涛,贺三章,李世纯,等.锡铁山铅锌矿选矿废水高效循环利用实践[J].现代矿业,2018(10):132-133.Fu Jintao,He Sanzhang,Li Shichun,et al.Practice of efficient recycling of beneficiation wastewater in Xitieshan lead-zinc mine[J].Modern Mining,2018(10):132-133.
[9]任琳珠,王李鹏,柏亚林.西北某含银铅锌矿的选矿试验研究[J].矿山机械,2018(10):42-45.Ren Linzhu,Wang Lipeng,Bai Yalin.Beneficiation test of a silver-bearing lead-zinc mine in Northwest China[J].Mining Machinery,2018(10):42-45.
[10]毛富邦,郭超华,陶恒畅.内蒙古某铅锌矿石铜铅分离试验研究[J].有色金属:选矿部分,2018(5):36-42.Mao Fubang,Guo Chaohua,Tao Hengchang.Experimental study on separation of copper and lead from a lead-zinc ore in Inner Mongolia[J].Nonferrous metals:Mineral Processing Section,2018(5):36-42.
[11]赵志强,缪建成,贺政,等.栖霞山银铅锌矿高浓度浮选技术的研究与应用[J].有色金属:选矿部分,2018(5):43-48.Zhao Zhiqiang,Miao Jiancheng,He Zheng,et al.Research and application of high concentration flotation technology for Qixia Mountain Ag-Pb-Zn Mine[J].Nonferrous Metals:Mineral Processing Section,2018(5):43-48.
[12]李增华,林俊领.新疆某难选硫化铅锌矿浮选试验[J].现代矿业,2018(8):232-235.Li Zenghua,Lin Junling.Flotation test of a refractory lead-zinc sulfide ore in Xinjiang[J].Modern Mining,2018(8):232-235.
[13]罗思岗,赵志强,刘建远,等.新型捕收剂BKG721在贵金属矿浮选中的应用研究[J].有色金属:选矿部分,2018(4):85-88.Luo Sigang,Zhao Zhiqiang,Liu Jianyuan,et al.Application of new collector BKG721 in flotation of precious metal ores[J].Nonferrous Metals:Mineral Processing Section,2018(4):85-88.
[14]邱廷省,何元卿,余文,等.硫化铅锌矿铅锌分离技术的研究现状及进展[J].金属矿山,2016(3):1-9.Qiu Tingsheng,He Yuanqing,Yu Wen,et al.Research status and progress of lead-zinc separation technology for lead-zinc sulfide ore[J].Metal Mine,2016(3):1-9.
[15]赵福刚.我国铅锌选矿技术现状[J].有色矿冶,2007(6):20-25.Zhao Fugang.Present situation of lead-zinc beneficiation technology in China[J].Nonferrous Mines and Metallurgy,2007(6):20-25.
[16]何丽萍,罗仙平,付丹,等.浮选作业浓度对锌选矿回收率的影响[J].有色金属:选矿部分,2009(1):1-3.He Liping,Luo Xianping,Fu Dan,et al.Effect of flotation concentration on zinc recovery[J].Nonferrous Metals:Mineral Processing Section,2009(1):1-3.
[17]叶富兴,宋宝旭,胡真,等.硫化铅锌矿中共伴生银的强化回收技术研究现状和发展概况[J].有色金属:选矿部分,2013(12):15-19.Ye Fuxing,Song Baoxu,Hu Zhen,et al.Research status and development of enhanced recovery technology of associated silver in lead-zinc sulfide ores[J].Nonferrous Metals:Mineral Processing Section,2013(12):15-19.