城市封闭湖泊浮游甲壳动物种类组成及优势种季节变化
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摘要
为了解城市封闭湖泊浮游甲壳动物种类组成及优势种的季节变化,于2015年6月至2016年5月对扬州市蜀冈湖进行为期1周年的调查。结果表明,蜀冈湖共检出浮游甲壳动物13属15种,其中枝角类2属4种,桡足类11属11种,桡足类中哲水蚤目的球状许水蚤(Schmackeria forbesi)、汤匙华哲水蚤(Sinocalanus dorrii)和剑水蚤目的毛饰拟剑水蚤(Paracyclops fimbriatus)、广布中剑水蚤(Mesocyclops leuckarti)为优势种。4种优势种丰度春夏季高于秋冬季,体长秋冬季大于春夏季;Pearson相关性分析显示,4种优势种丰度与水温呈正相关,体长与水温呈负相关(P<0.05);2种哲水蚤优势种丰度还与氨态氮、总氮和叶绿素a呈正相关,与透明度呈负相关,体长与透明度呈正相关,与叶绿素a呈负相关(P<0.05)。线性回归分析显示,水温显著影响优势种丰度和体长的季节变化。
Crustacean zooplankton interact with environmental factors and have been used recently as a bio-indicator of water ecology. Closed city lakes,an important part of urban recreation,are increasing in number gradually.They have some traits that are different from open waters and crustacean zooplankton in closed city lakes has received extensive attention. In this study,the community structure of crustacean zooplankton and environmental factors were investigated monthly from June 2015 to May 2016 in Shugang Lake,a closed city lake. 15 species belonging to 13 genera were identified,including 4 cladocera belonging to 2 genera and 11 copepoda belonging to 11 genera. The calanoida and cyclopoida of copepoda species,including Schmackeria forbesi,Sinocalanus dorrii,Paracyclops fimbriatus and Mesocyclops leuckarti,were the dominant species. The density of the dominant species was higher,but their body size was lower in spring and summer than that in autumn and winter. Pearson correlation analysis showed that the density of all four dominant species correlated positively and body size correlated negatively with water temperature( P < 0. 05). Moreover,the density of the two dominant species of calanoida correlated positively with ammonia nitrogen,total nitrogen and chlorophyll a,and negatively with transparency. Body size correlated positively with transparency,and negatively with chlorophyll a( P < 0. 05). Linear regression analysis showed that water temperature significantly affected the seasonal variation of density and body size of dominant species.
Crustacean zooplankton interact with environmental factors and have been used recently as a bio-indicator of water ecology. Closed city lakes,an important part of urban recreation,are increasing in number gradually.They have some traits that are different from open waters and crustacean zooplankton in closed city lakes has received extensive attention. In this study,the community structure of crustacean zooplankton and environmental factors were investigated monthly from June 2015 to May 2016 in Shugang Lake,a closed city lake. 15 species belonging to 13 genera were identified,including 4 cladocera belonging to 2 genera and 11 copepoda belonging to 11 genera. The calanoida and cyclopoida of copepoda species,including Schmackeria forbesi,Sinocalanus dorrii,Paracyclops fimbriatus and Mesocyclops leuckarti,were the dominant species. The density of the dominant species was higher,but their body size was lower in spring and summer than that in autumn and winter. Pearson correlation analysis showed that the density of all four dominant species correlated positively and body size correlated negatively with water temperature( P < 0. 05). Moreover,the density of the two dominant species of calanoida correlated positively with ammonia nitrogen,total nitrogen and chlorophyll a,and negatively with transparency. Body size correlated positively with transparency,and negatively with chlorophyll a( P < 0. 05). Linear regression analysis showed that water temperature significantly affected the seasonal variation of density and body size of dominant species.
引文
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韩璐,2017.城市景观水体水质改善的生态修复效果研究-以上海市曲阳公园中心湖为例[J].安徽农业科学,45(13):68-71.
黄祥飞,1986.短尾秀体溞的发育与生长[J].水生生物学报,10(1):52-59.
蒋燮治,堵南山,1979.中国动物志:节肢动物门:甲壳纲:淡水枝角类[M].北京:科学出版社.
金相灿,屠清瑛,1990.湖泊富营养化调查规范[M].北京:中国环境科学出版社.
靳萍,代克,岩杨程,等,2013.牧野湖浮游动物群落结构及其与环境因子的相关性研究[J].水生态学杂志,34(2):53-61.
李宝华,付克忖,1999.南黄海浮游植物与水色透明度之间相关关系的研究[J].海洋科学进展,17(3):73-79.
李飞鹏,张海平,陈玲,等,2013.小型封闭水体环境因子与叶绿素a的时空分布及相关性研究[J].环境科学,34(10):3854-3861.
林青,由文辉,徐凤洁,等,2014.滴水湖浮游动物群落结构及其与环境因子的关系[J].生态学报,34(23):6918-6929.
陶雪梅,王先云,王丽卿,等.2013.滆湖后生浮游动物群落结构研究[J].生态与农村环境学报,29(1):81-86.
徐兆礼,陈亚瞿,1989.东黄海秋季浮游动物优势种聚集强度与鲐渔场的关系[J].生态学杂志,8(4):13-15.
许隆君,陆鑫歆,王忠锁,2009.梁子湖浮游甲壳动物的生物多样性[J].生态学报,29(12):6419-6428.
杨嘉东,1993.南海中部海域铵浓度及其与浮游植物的关系[J].应用海洋学学报,12(4):369-375.
中国科学院动物研究所甲壳动物研究组,1979.中国动物志:节肢动物门:甲壳纲:淡水桡足类[M].北京:科学出版社.
周凤霞,陈剑虹,2011.淡水微型生物与底栖动物图谱(第2版)[M].北京:化学工业出版社.
Abrantes N,Antunes S C,Pereira M J,et al,2006.Seasonal succession of cladocerans and phytoplankton and their interactions in a shallow eutrophic lake:Lake vela,Portugal[J].Acta Oecologica,29(1):54-64.
Andrewl R,Cortneyl O,Erik S,2009.Effects of temperature on reproduction and survival of the calanoid copepod Pseudodiaptomus pelagicus[J].Aquaculture,292(1):53-59.
Brandl Z,1998.Feeding strategies of planktonic cyclopoids in lacustrine ecosystems[J].Journal of Marine Systems,15(1):87-95.
Chang K H,Hanazato T,2005.Prey handling time and ingestion probability for Mesocyclops sp.predation on small cladoceran species Bosmina longirostris,Bosminopsis deitersi,and Scapholeberis mucronata[J].Limnology,6(1):39-44.
Hart R C,Bychek E A,2011.Body size in freshwater planktonic crustaceans:an overview of extrinsic determinants and modifying influences of biotic interactions[J].Hydrobiologia,668(1):61-108.
Louette G,Meester L D,Declerck S,2008.Assembly of zooplankton communities in newly created ponds[J].Freshwater Biology,53(11):2309-2320.
Makino W,Ban S,2000.Response of life history traits to food conditions in a cyclopoid copepod from an oligotrophic environment[J].Limnology&Oceanography,45(2):396-407.
Mellors W K,1975.Selective Predation of Ephippal daphnia and the Resistance of Ephippal Eggs to Digestion[J].E-cology,56(4):974-980.
Perbicheneves G,Fileto C,La9oportinho J,et al,2013.Relations among planktonic rotifers,cyclopoid copepods,and water quality in two Brazilian reservoirs[J].Latin American Journal of Aquatic Research,41(1):138-149.
Sampaio E V,Rocha O,Matsumura-Tundisi T,et al,2002.Composition and abundance of zooplankton in the limnetic zone of seven reservoirs of the Paranapanema River,Brazil[J].Brazilian Journal of Biology,62(3):525-545.
Wei W,Chen R,Wang L,et al,2017.Spatial distribution of crustacean zooplankton in a large river-connected lake related to trophic status and fish[J].Journal of Limnology,10.4081/jlimnol,2017.1622.
韩璐,2017.城市景观水体水质改善的生态修复效果研究-以上海市曲阳公园中心湖为例[J].安徽农业科学,45(13):68-71.
黄祥飞,1986.短尾秀体溞的发育与生长[J].水生生物学报,10(1):52-59.
蒋燮治,堵南山,1979.中国动物志:节肢动物门:甲壳纲:淡水枝角类[M].北京:科学出版社.
金相灿,屠清瑛,1990.湖泊富营养化调查规范[M].北京:中国环境科学出版社.
靳萍,代克,岩杨程,等,2013.牧野湖浮游动物群落结构及其与环境因子的相关性研究[J].水生态学杂志,34(2):53-61.
李宝华,付克忖,1999.南黄海浮游植物与水色透明度之间相关关系的研究[J].海洋科学进展,17(3):73-79.
李飞鹏,张海平,陈玲,等,2013.小型封闭水体环境因子与叶绿素a的时空分布及相关性研究[J].环境科学,34(10):3854-3861.
林青,由文辉,徐凤洁,等,2014.滴水湖浮游动物群落结构及其与环境因子的关系[J].生态学报,34(23):6918-6929.
陶雪梅,王先云,王丽卿,等.2013.滆湖后生浮游动物群落结构研究[J].生态与农村环境学报,29(1):81-86.
徐兆礼,陈亚瞿,1989.东黄海秋季浮游动物优势种聚集强度与鲐渔场的关系[J].生态学杂志,8(4):13-15.
许隆君,陆鑫歆,王忠锁,2009.梁子湖浮游甲壳动物的生物多样性[J].生态学报,29(12):6419-6428.
杨嘉东,1993.南海中部海域铵浓度及其与浮游植物的关系[J].应用海洋学学报,12(4):369-375.
中国科学院动物研究所甲壳动物研究组,1979.中国动物志:节肢动物门:甲壳纲:淡水桡足类[M].北京:科学出版社.
周凤霞,陈剑虹,2011.淡水微型生物与底栖动物图谱(第2版)[M].北京:化学工业出版社.
Abrantes N,Antunes S C,Pereira M J,et al,2006.Seasonal succession of cladocerans and phytoplankton and their interactions in a shallow eutrophic lake:Lake vela,Portugal[J].Acta Oecologica,29(1):54-64.
Andrewl R,Cortneyl O,Erik S,2009.Effects of temperature on reproduction and survival of the calanoid copepod Pseudodiaptomus pelagicus[J].Aquaculture,292(1):53-59.
Brandl Z,1998.Feeding strategies of planktonic cyclopoids in lacustrine ecosystems[J].Journal of Marine Systems,15(1):87-95.
Chang K H,Hanazato T,2005.Prey handling time and ingestion probability for Mesocyclops sp.predation on small cladoceran species Bosmina longirostris,Bosminopsis deitersi,and Scapholeberis mucronata[J].Limnology,6(1):39-44.
Hart R C,Bychek E A,2011.Body size in freshwater planktonic crustaceans:an overview of extrinsic determinants and modifying influences of biotic interactions[J].Hydrobiologia,668(1):61-108.
Louette G,Meester L D,Declerck S,2008.Assembly of zooplankton communities in newly created ponds[J].Freshwater Biology,53(11):2309-2320.
Makino W,Ban S,2000.Response of life history traits to food conditions in a cyclopoid copepod from an oligotrophic environment[J].Limnology&Oceanography,45(2):396-407.
Mellors W K,1975.Selective Predation of Ephippal daphnia and the Resistance of Ephippal Eggs to Digestion[J].E-cology,56(4):974-980.
Perbicheneves G,Fileto C,La9oportinho J,et al,2013.Relations among planktonic rotifers,cyclopoid copepods,and water quality in two Brazilian reservoirs[J].Latin American Journal of Aquatic Research,41(1):138-149.
Sampaio E V,Rocha O,Matsumura-Tundisi T,et al,2002.Composition and abundance of zooplankton in the limnetic zone of seven reservoirs of the Paranapanema River,Brazil[J].Brazilian Journal of Biology,62(3):525-545.
Wei W,Chen R,Wang L,et al,2017.Spatial distribution of crustacean zooplankton in a large river-connected lake related to trophic status and fish[J].Journal of Limnology,10.4081/jlimnol,2017.1622.
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