我国国家级海洋保护区管理有效性评估指标体系构建与实证研究
|
摘要
海洋保护区在海洋生态环境的良好保护、生态系统的有效维持、海洋资源的合理开发上具有重要作用。将我国的国家级海洋保护区作为评估对象,将保护区管理机构的管理行为作为评估重点,采用频度统计法、层次分析法及实证研究法等方法,构建出我国国家级海洋保护区管理有效性的评估指标体系。并基于该指标体系,将浙江省嵊泗马鞍列岛国家级海洋特别保护区作为对象进行实证研究,结果显示:该保护区投入与保障方面的管理工作成绩较好,但存在科研宣教活动不足、设施建设滞后、人才短缺等问题,且缺乏自养能力、应急机制和评估体系。建议重视科研宣教活动、加强科研基础建设和人才培养,并通过扩大融资渠道、建立应急机制和评估体系等方式,达到提升管理水平的目的。并提出指标体系的构建可以为我国国家级海洋保护区管理有效性评估提供参考与支持的初步设想。
Marine protected areas(MPA)play an important role in protection of marine environment,eco-system and resources.With frequency statistics,Delphi method,analytic hierarchy process and empirical research method,this study focuses on management behavior and takes Chinese national MPAs as targets of evaluation in order to build up an effective evaluation index system for it.Based on this evaluation index system,the paper makes an empirical study of Ma'an Islands,a special national MPA in Shengsi,Zhejiang Province.The results show that management such as investment and security has achieved a lot.However,there are still some problems like lack of scientific research and publicity,stagnation of scientific and research infrastructures and talent shortage.So enhancement in these aspects can help improve management.The building-up of the evaluation index system will provide reference and support for management in Chinese national MPAs.
Marine protected areas(MPA)play an important role in protection of marine environment,eco-system and resources.With frequency statistics,Delphi method,analytic hierarchy process and empirical research method,this study focuses on management behavior and takes Chinese national MPAs as targets of evaluation in order to build up an effective evaluation index system for it.Based on this evaluation index system,the paper makes an empirical study of Ma'an Islands,a special national MPA in Shengsi,Zhejiang Province.The results show that management such as investment and security has achieved a lot.However,there are still some problems like lack of scientific research and publicity,stagnation of scientific and research infrastructures and talent shortage.So enhancement in these aspects can help improve management.The building-up of the evaluation index system will provide reference and support for management in Chinese national MPAs.
引文
[1]赵婧.我国海洋保护区建设稳步推进[N].中国海洋报,2016-05-22.
[2]刘方正,崔国发.国内外保护区管理有效性评价方法比较[J].世界林业研究,2013,(6):33-38.
[3]国家林业局保护司.LY/T1726—2008自然保护区有效管理评价技术规范[S].中华人民共和国林业行业标准,2008.
[4]国家海洋局.GB/T19571—2004海洋自然保护区管理技术规范[S].中华人民共和国国家标准,2004.
[5]王献溥,于顺利,汤大友.保护区管理有效性评估的意义和问题[J].野生动物杂志,2009,(1):40-43.
[6]曾江宁.中国海洋保护区[M].北京:海洋出版社,2013.
[7]李鑫,唐议.马鞍列岛海洋特别保护区管理的公共参与问题[J].上海海洋大学学报,2012,(4):603-608.
[8]洪晓巧,方秦华.海洋保护区管理有效性评估体系研究进展[J].海洋开发与管理,2016,(2):95-100.
[9]蔡燕红,张海波,王薇.宁波市海洋保护区建设和管理现状及对策研究[J].海洋开发与管理,2011,(9):105-108.
[2]刘方正,崔国发.国内外保护区管理有效性评价方法比较[J].世界林业研究,2013,(6):33-38.
[3]国家林业局保护司.LY/T1726—2008自然保护区有效管理评价技术规范[S].中华人民共和国林业行业标准,2008.
[4]国家海洋局.GB/T19571—2004海洋自然保护区管理技术规范[S].中华人民共和国国家标准,2004.
[5]王献溥,于顺利,汤大友.保护区管理有效性评估的意义和问题[J].野生动物杂志,2009,(1):40-43.
[6]曾江宁.中国海洋保护区[M].北京:海洋出版社,2013.
[7]李鑫,唐议.马鞍列岛海洋特别保护区管理的公共参与问题[J].上海海洋大学学报,2012,(4):603-608.
[8]洪晓巧,方秦华.海洋保护区管理有效性评估体系研究进展[J].海洋开发与管理,2016,(2):95-100.
[9]蔡燕红,张海波,王薇.宁波市海洋保护区建设和管理现状及对策研究[J].海洋开发与管理,2011,(9):105-108.