泥石流块石冲击下新型拦挡坝动力响应试验研究
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摘要
针对泥石流灾害拦挡工程结构型式缺乏创新以及相关试验研究工作欠缺问题,本文提出了两种钢-混凝土组合式新型拦挡坝型式。利用自主设计的冲击模拟试验台对坝体结构在固体冲击作用下的动力响应进行了试验研究和对比分析。结果表明:支撑体系的加强作用和耗能元件的耗能作用有效减轻了新型坝体实体坝身的破坏程度;重力坝动力响应衰减历时至少5倍于带支撑拦挡坝实体坝身,并且后者的动力响应峰值显著低于前者,坝体结构的整体刚度得到了明显增强;耗能坝实体坝身动力响应达到峰值所需耗时是重力坝的2倍有余,并且前者的动力响应峰值相较于后者明显降低,耗能元件的缓冲和耗能作用十分显著。
Considering a lack of innovation in structural blocking projects against debris flow disaster and of related experimental research,two kinds of steel-concrete combined dams were proposed in this paper. Using a self-designed impact-simulating test bed,the experimental study and contrastive analysis of the dynamic response of the three dams under the action of solid impact were performed. Results show that the strengthening effect of a bracing system and the energy consumption effect of an energy-consuming component reduce the extent of damage to the two new dams. For the gravity dam,the attenuation period of its dynamic response was at least five times greater than that of the brace-supporting dam,and its peak dynamic response was significantly lower than the former. These results clearly indicate that the dam's overall stiffness was enhanced by braces. For the energy-absorbing dam,the time required to reach the peak dynamic response is more than twice than that of the gravity dam,and it peak dynamic response value is significantly lower than that of the gravity dam. The results show obvious results of the buffering and energy consumption effect of the abovementioned components.
Considering a lack of innovation in structural blocking projects against debris flow disaster and of related experimental research,two kinds of steel-concrete combined dams were proposed in this paper. Using a self-designed impact-simulating test bed,the experimental study and contrastive analysis of the dynamic response of the three dams under the action of solid impact were performed. Results show that the strengthening effect of a bracing system and the energy consumption effect of an energy-consuming component reduce the extent of damage to the two new dams. For the gravity dam,the attenuation period of its dynamic response was at least five times greater than that of the brace-supporting dam,and its peak dynamic response was significantly lower than the former. These results clearly indicate that the dam's overall stiffness was enhanced by braces. For the energy-absorbing dam,the time required to reach the peak dynamic response is more than twice than that of the gravity dam,and it peak dynamic response value is significantly lower than that of the gravity dam. The results show obvious results of the buffering and energy consumption effect of the abovementioned components.
引文
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[14]王君杰,陈诚.桥墩在船舶撞击作用下的损伤仿真研究[J].工程力学,2007,24(7):156-160.WANG Junjie,CHEN Cheng.Simulation of damage for bridge pier subjected to ship impact[J].Engineering mechanics,2007,24(7):156-160.
[15]巫绪涛,李耀,李和平.混凝土HJC本构模型参数的研究[J].应用力学学报,2010,27(2):340-344.WU Xutao,LI Yao,LI Heping.Research on the material constants of the HJC dynamic constitutive model for concrete[J].Chinese journal of applied mechanics,2010,27(2):340-344.
[16]黄西成,胡文军.Johnson-Cook本构参数的确定方法[C]//第六届全国爆炸力学实验技术学术会议论文集.长沙,2010:308-315.HUANG Xicheng,HU Wenjun.Determination method of Johnson-Cook constitutive parameters[C]//Proceedings of the 6th National Conference on Experimental Technology of Explosive Mechanics.Changsha,China,2010:308-315.
[2]韩文兵,欧国强.单切口坝对稀性泥石流的拦砂性能—试验研究与比较分析[J].自然灾害学报,2008,17(4):152-158.HAN Wenbing,OU Guoqiang.Sediment-intercepting effect of slit dam on non-viscous debris flow:experimental study and comparative analysis[J].Journal of natural disasters,2008,17(4):152-158.
[3]游勇.泥石流梁式格栅坝拦砂性能试验研究[J].水土保持学报,2001,15(1):113-115.YOU Yong.Characteristics of intercepting sediment of debris flow check dam[J].Journal of soil and water conservation,2001,15(1):113-115.
[4]詹敏.钢制格栅坝拦截泥石流效果试验研究[J].水土保持应用技术,2007(4):23-24.ZHAN Min.Experimental study on intercepting effect of steel grille-dam[J].Technology of soil and water conservation,2007(4):23-24.
[5]SHIEH C L,TING C H,PAN H W.Impulsive force of debris flow on a curved dam[J].International journal of sediment research,2008,23(2):149-158.
[6]张宇,王青,尹明.无铰拱形泥石流拦挡坝研究[J].自然灾害学报,2006,15(2):20-24.ZHANG Yu,WANG Qing,YIN Ming.Research on nonhinged arch dam against debris flow[J].Journal of natural disasters,2006,15(2):20-24.
[7]王永胜,朱彦鹏,王亚楠.近场高烈度区新型地锚扶壁式泥石流格栅坝地震响应分析[J].水利学报,2012,43(S2):162-167.WANG Yongsheng,ZHU Yanpeng,WANG Ya’nan.Seismic response analysis of a new ground anchor counterfort grille-dam for debris flow under near-fault pulse-like ground motions[J].Journal of hydraulic engineering,2012,43(S2):162-167.
[8]王秀丽,高芳芳,张嘉懿,等.具有自复位功能的泥石流拦挡坝抗冲击性能[J].建筑科学与工程学报,2016,33(3):50-57.WANG Xiuli,GAO Fangfang,ZHANG Jiayi,et al.Impact resistance of self-centering debris flow dam[J].Journal of architecture and civil engineering,2016,33(3):50-57.
[9]孟一,易伟建.混凝土圆柱体试件在低速冲击下动力效应的研究[J].振动与冲击,2011,30(3):205-210.MENG Yi,YI Weijian.Dynamic behavior of concrete cylinder specimens under low velocity impact[J].Journal of vibration and shock,2011,30(3):205-210.
[10]肖诗云,田子坤.混凝土单轴动态受拉损伤试验研究[J].土木工程学报,2008,41(7):14-20.XIAO Shiyun,TIAN Zikun.Experimental study on the uniaxial dynamic tensile damage of concrete[J].China civil engineering journal,2008,41(7):14-20.
[11]张忠孝,董海威,陈江瑛,等.混凝土材料的平板撞击实验与数值模拟研究[J].宁波大学学报(理工版),2011,24(3):80-85.ZHANG Zhongxiao,DONG Haiwei,CHEN Jiangying,et al.Study on planar impact and numerical simulation for concrete materials[J].Journal of Ningbo university(NSEE),2011,24(3):80-85.
[12]胡时胜,王道荣,刘剑飞.混凝土材料动态力学性能的实验研究[J].工程力学,2001,18(5):115-118,126.HU Shisheng,WANG Daorong,LIU Jianfei.Experimental study of dynamic mechanical behavior of concrete[J].Engineering mechanics,2001,18(5):115-118,126.
[13]HOLMQUIST T J,JOHNSON G R,COOK W H.A computational constitutive model for concrete subjected to large strains,high strain rates and high pressure[C]//Proceedings of the 14th International Symposium on Ballistics.Quebec,Canada,1993:591-600.
[14]王君杰,陈诚.桥墩在船舶撞击作用下的损伤仿真研究[J].工程力学,2007,24(7):156-160.WANG Junjie,CHEN Cheng.Simulation of damage for bridge pier subjected to ship impact[J].Engineering mechanics,2007,24(7):156-160.
[15]巫绪涛,李耀,李和平.混凝土HJC本构模型参数的研究[J].应用力学学报,2010,27(2):340-344.WU Xutao,LI Yao,LI Heping.Research on the material constants of the HJC dynamic constitutive model for concrete[J].Chinese journal of applied mechanics,2010,27(2):340-344.
[16]黄西成,胡文军.Johnson-Cook本构参数的确定方法[C]//第六届全国爆炸力学实验技术学术会议论文集.长沙,2010:308-315.HUANG Xicheng,HU Wenjun.Determination method of Johnson-Cook constitutive parameters[C]//Proceedings of the 6th National Conference on Experimental Technology of Explosive Mechanics.Changsha,China,2010:308-315.
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