东营凹陷樊页1井沙河街组烃源岩元素地球化学特征及其地质意义
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摘要
为明确东营凹陷樊页1井沙河街组烃源岩元素地球化学特征及其地质意义,对其主量和微量元素组成进行系统分析。根据不同元素含量与Al_2O_3等含量的相关性,将其分为3种类型:第1种类型包括Al,Ti,K,Co,Cr,Ga和V等,以陆源碎屑来源为主;第2种类型包括Ca,Mg,Mn和Sr等,以水成来源为主;第3种类型包括Na,Fe,Cd,Ni,Pb,Ba和Zn等,具有多元复杂来源。根据元素来源的差异,优选CaO/Al_2O_3,Sr/Al_2O_3,Sr/Ba和V/(V+Ni)这4个参数,建立综合地球化学剖面,根据各参数在剖面中的变化分析沙河街组烃源岩沉积环境的演变。从沙四段上亚段—沙三段中亚段,水成来源元素富集程度逐渐下降,湖水盐度逐渐降低,底水还原性逐渐减弱。根据各参数纵向差异及变化特征,将沙四段上亚段和沙三段下亚段划分为4个更小的沉积单元,其古盐度和底水的氧化、还原条件存在明显的差异。
The major and minor elements of source rocks in the Shahejie Formation drilled by Well Fanye-1 in Dongying sag were analyzed systematically in order to clarify the element geochemical characteristics of the source rocks and their geological significance. According to the relation of contents of different elements with Al_2O_3 and CaO,the elements are classified into 3 different types. The elements of the first class,including Al,Ti,K,Co,Cr,Ga and V,are mainly sourced from terrestrial debris;those of the second class,which consist of Ca,Mg,Mn and Sr,are mainly sourced from lacustrine water;and those of the third class,including Na,Fe,Cd,Ni,Pb,Ba and Zn,are sourced from multiple and complex sources.Based on the genetic difference of the elements,4 parameters including CaO/Al_2O_3,Sr/Al_2O_3,Sr/Ba and V/(V+Ni)were preferably selected to set up a vertical comprehensive geochemical section,and the sedimentary environment evolution of the Shahejie Formation was discussed according to the changes of the parameters in the geochemical section. It shows that from the upper Es_4 to the middle Es_3,the enrichment of the elements sourced from the water gradually decreases and the salinity of the lake water gradually drops,and the reducibility of bottom water is gradually weakened. Based on the variation tendency,both the upper Es_4 and the lower Es_3 can be subdivided into four smaller sedimentary units where the palaeo-sa-linity and bottom water redox condition are obviously different.
The major and minor elements of source rocks in the Shahejie Formation drilled by Well Fanye-1 in Dongying sag were analyzed systematically in order to clarify the element geochemical characteristics of the source rocks and their geological significance. According to the relation of contents of different elements with Al_2O_3 and CaO,the elements are classified into 3 different types. The elements of the first class,including Al,Ti,K,Co,Cr,Ga and V,are mainly sourced from terrestrial debris;those of the second class,which consist of Ca,Mg,Mn and Sr,are mainly sourced from lacustrine water;and those of the third class,including Na,Fe,Cd,Ni,Pb,Ba and Zn,are sourced from multiple and complex sources.Based on the genetic difference of the elements,4 parameters including CaO/Al_2O_3,Sr/Al_2O_3,Sr/Ba and V/(V+Ni)were preferably selected to set up a vertical comprehensive geochemical section,and the sedimentary environment evolution of the Shahejie Formation was discussed according to the changes of the parameters in the geochemical section. It shows that from the upper Es_4 to the middle Es_3,the enrichment of the elements sourced from the water gradually decreases and the salinity of the lake water gradually drops,and the reducibility of bottom water is gradually weakened. Based on the variation tendency,both the upper Es_4 and the lower Es_3 can be subdivided into four smaller sedimentary units where the palaeo-sa-linity and bottom water redox condition are obviously different.
引文
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[16]张林晔,刘庆,徐兴友,等.油气地球化学与成熟探区精细勘探[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2015.Zhang Linye,Liu Qing,Xu Xingyou,et al.Petroleum geochemistry and fine exploration in mature exploration areas[M].Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press,2015.
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[18]刘庆,张林晔,沈忠民,等.东营凹陷湖相盆地类型演化与烃源岩发育[J].石油学报,2004,25(4):42-45.Liu Qing,Zhang Linye,Shen Zhongmin,et al.Evolution of lakebasin types and occurrence of hydrocarbon source rocks in Dongying Depression[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2004,25(4):42-45.
[2]李钜源.渤海湾盆地东营凹陷古近系泥页岩孔隙特征及孔隙度演化规律[J].石油实验地质,2015,37(5):566-574.Li Juyuan.Pore characteristics and their evolution in Paleogene mud shales,Dongying Sag,Bohai Bay Basin[J].Petroleum Geology&Experiment,2015,37(5):566-574.
[3]蒋启贵,申宝剑,仰云峰,等.渤南洼陷页岩生烃组分动力学分析及其对页岩油气勘探的意义[J].石油实验地质,2016,38(2):231-239.Jiang Qigui,Shen Baojian,Yang Yunfeng,et al.Kinetic analysis of hydrocarbon generation components in shales from the Bonan sub-Sag and its significance for hydrocarbon exploration[J].Petroleum Geology&Experiment,2016,38(2):231-239.
[4]李进步,卢双舫,陈国辉,等.基于矿物学和岩石力学的泥页岩储层可压裂性评价[J].大庆石油地质与开发,2015,34(6):159-164.Li Jinbu,Lu Shuangfang,Chen Guohui,et al.Friability evaluation for the mud shale reservoirs based on the mineralogy and rock mechanics[J].Petroleum Geology&Oilfield Development in Daqing,2015,34(6):159-164.
[5]钱焕菊,陆现彩,张雪芬,等.东营凹陷沙四段上部泥质烃源岩元素地球化学及其古盐度的空间差异性[J].岩石矿物学杂志,2009,28(2):161-168.Qian Huanju,Lu Xiancai,Zhang Xuefen,et al.Spatial paleosalinity distribution and element geochemistry of argillaceous source rocks in the upper part of 4thMember of Tertiary Shahejie Formation in Dongying Sag[J].Acta Petrologica Et Mineralogia,2009,28(2):161-168.
[6]柏静儒,王擎,陈艳,等.油页岩中几种微量元素的赋存形态[J].环境科学学报,2008,28(10):2 156-2 160.Bai Jingru,Wang Qing,Chen Yan,et al.Geochemical occurrences of selected trace elements in oil shale[J].Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae,2008,28(10):2 156-2 160.
[7]刘江涛,刘双莲,李永杰,等.焦石坝地区奥陶系五峰组—志留系龙马溪组页岩地球化学特征及地质意义[J].油气地质与采收率,2016,23(3):53-57.Liu Jiangtao,Liu Shuanglian,Li Yongjie,et al.Geochemistry characteristics and its geological significance of shale in the Ordovician Wufeng Formation and Silurian Longmaxi Formation,Jiaoshiba area[J].Petroleum Geology and Recovery Efficiency,2016,23(3):53-57.
[8]Chen Zhonghong,Wei Huang,Qing Liu,et al.Geochemical characteristics of the Paleogene shales in the Dongying depression,eastern China[J].Marine and Petroleum Geology,2016,73:249-270.
[9]王汇彤,王荣光,张蒂嘉,等.SY/T 6404—1999沉积岩中金属元素的电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱分析方法[S].北京:石油工业出版社,1999.Wang Huitong,Wang Rongguang,Zhang Dijia,et al.SY/T 6404-1999 Analytical method of metal elements in sediment rock by ICP-AES[S].Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press,1999.
[10]Piper David Z,Dean Walter E.Trace-element deposition in the Cariaco Basin,Venezuela Shelf,under sulfate-reducing conditions-a history of the local hydrography and global climate,20 ka to the present[R/OL]//US Geological Survey Professional Paper1670,2002[2017-05-04].http://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1670/.
[11]David Z P,Caroline M I.The Monterey Formation:bottom-water redox conditions and photic-zone primary productivity[C]//Caroline M I,Jurgen Rullkotter.The Monterey Formation:from rocks to molecules.New York:Columbia University Press,2001.
[12]Medrano M D,Piper D Z.Partitioning of minor elements and major-element oxides between rock components and calculation of the marine-derived fraction of the minor elements in rocks of the Phosphoria Formation,Idaho and Wyoming[R].US Geological Survey Open-File Report,1995:95-270.
[13]Gromet P L,Dymek R F,Haskin L A,et al.The“North American shale composite”:Its compilation,major and trace element characteristics[J].Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta,1984,48(12):2 469-2 482.
[14]陈兰.湘黔地区早寒武世黑色岩系沉积学及地球化学研究[D].贵阳:中国科学院地球化学研究所,2006:40.Chen Lan.Sedimentology and geochemistry of the Early Cambrian black rock series in the Hunan-Guizhou area,China[D].Guiyang:Philosophy Institute of Geochemistry,Chinese Academy of Sciences,2006:40.
[15]匡友,吴章明.冀中地区早第三纪沉积岩化学元素分布特征及其多元统计研究[J].中国海上油气:地质,1995,9(3):169-178.Kuang You,Wu Zhangming.The distributive features of chemical elements of Paleogene sedimentary rocks in the central part of Hebei province and the study by using multi-element analytical method[J].China Offshore Oil&Gas:Geology,1995,9(3):169-178.
[16]张林晔,刘庆,徐兴友,等.油气地球化学与成熟探区精细勘探[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2015.Zhang Linye,Liu Qing,Xu Xingyou,et al.Petroleum geochemistry and fine exploration in mature exploration areas[M].Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press,2015.
[17]张雪芬.东营凹陷南部沙河街组砂—泥岩协同成岩作用及其石油地质意义[D].南京:南京大学,2012.Zhang Xuefen.Synergistic diagenesis of argillaceous source rocks and sandstones of Shahejie Formation in southern Dongying Depression and their petroleum geological significance[D].Nanjing:Nanjing University,2012.
[18]刘庆,张林晔,沈忠民,等.东营凹陷湖相盆地类型演化与烃源岩发育[J].石油学报,2004,25(4):42-45.Liu Qing,Zhang Linye,Shen Zhongmin,et al.Evolution of lakebasin types and occurrence of hydrocarbon source rocks in Dongying Depression[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2004,25(4):42-45.