薄层特超稠油油藏双水平井SAGD开发指标预测模型
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摘要
指出蒸汽辅助重力泄油(steam assisted gravity drainage,SAGD)开发技术具有采收率较高、投资多和风险大的特点,适用于油层较厚、原油黏度非常大及常规热采开发方式无法经济有效开发的稠油油藏.本研究采用数值模拟和经济评价方法,结合影响因素对SAGD开发效果的影响,建立各影响因素与开发效果的单因素定量关系;并利用多元非线性回归方法,建立SAGD采收率在不同油价下内部收益率与影响因素之间的多因素预测模型.研究结果表明,油层厚度、地层原油黏度、平面渗透率、垂向渗透率和初始含油饱和度是影响SAGD开发效果的主要因素;该预测模型能够适应国际油价变化,而且,通过国外SAGD典型区块实例验证具有较强的实用性和油藏适应性.
Steam assisted gravity drainage( SAGD) technology,with the problems of large investment and high risks,despite higher recovery compared with other technologies,is more applicable to heavy oil reservoirs with thicker formation and larger oil viscosity,which common thermal methods are difficult to deal with. This paper investigates the effects of influential factors on SAGD development and introduces quantitative models between each influential factor and development index. The multiple factors regression predictive models are established to predict the SAGD oil efficiency and the internal rate of return under different oil prices. The results exhibit effects of different influencial factors including formation thickness, formation oil viscosity, plane permeability, vertical permeability and initial oil saturation,on the efficiency of SAGD. The proposed predictive models can be compatible with effects of international oil price variation. The models have been applied to a typical field of SAGD abroad to verify the applicability and accuracy of the models in engineering.
Steam assisted gravity drainage( SAGD) technology,with the problems of large investment and high risks,despite higher recovery compared with other technologies,is more applicable to heavy oil reservoirs with thicker formation and larger oil viscosity,which common thermal methods are difficult to deal with. This paper investigates the effects of influential factors on SAGD development and introduces quantitative models between each influential factor and development index. The multiple factors regression predictive models are established to predict the SAGD oil efficiency and the internal rate of return under different oil prices. The results exhibit effects of different influencial factors including formation thickness, formation oil viscosity, plane permeability, vertical permeability and initial oil saturation,on the efficiency of SAGD. The proposed predictive models can be compatible with effects of international oil price variation. The models have been applied to a typical field of SAGD abroad to verify the applicability and accuracy of the models in engineering.
引文
[1]Zhang Yitang.Thermal technology for EOR[M].Beijing:Petroleum Industrial Press,2006:207-215.(in Chinese)张义堂.热力采油提高采收率技术[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2006:207-215.
[2]Butler R M.Some recent developments in SAGD[J].Journal of Canadian Petroleum Technology,2001,40(1):18-22.
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[4]Li P,Vink A,Nespor K,et al.Partial SAGD applications in the Jackfish SAGD project[J].Journal of Canadian Petroleum Technology,2011,11(45):19-31.
[5]Sun Xinge.Study and application of SAGD reservoir engineering optimization for shallow and super heavy oil[D].Chengdu:Southwest Petroleum University,2012.(in Chinese)孙新革.浅层超稠油双水平井SAGD技术油藏工程优化研究与应用[D].成都:西南石油大学,2012.
[6]Liu Min,Gao Xiaotian,Zou Jian,et al.SAGD technology conceptual design of thermal recovery explore for offshore extra-heavy oil[J].Oil Drilling&Production Technology,2013,13(3):94-96.(in Chinese)刘敏,高孝田,邹剑,等.海上特稠油热采SAGD技术方案设计[J].石油钻采工艺,2013,13(3):94-96.
[7]Ito Y,Chen J.Numerical history match of the burnt lake SAGD process[J].Journal of Canadian Petroleum Technology,2010,49(5):40-49.
[8]Huo jin,Sang Linxiang,Fan Yuxin,et al.Test of steam assisted gravity drainage process for super heavy oil exploitation in Fengcheng field by pair of horizontal wells[J].Xinjiang Petroleum Geology,2012,33(5):570-573.(in Chinese)霍进,桑林翔,樊玉新,等.风城超稠油双水平井蒸汽辅助重力泄油开发试验[J].新疆石油地质,2012,33(5):570-573.
[9]Li Jingling,Zhu Zhihong,Dou Shengjun,et al.Heat transfer calculation and influence factors analysis for SAGD circulation phase in dual horizontal wells[J].Xinjiang Petroleum Geology,2014,35(1):83-86.(in Chinese)李景玲,朱志宏,窦升军,等.双水平井SAGD循环预热传热计算及影响因素分析[J].新疆石油地质,2014,35(1):83-86.
[10]Yuan Jianyang,Mc Farlane R.Evaluation of steam circulation strategies for SAGD starup[J].Journal of Canadian Petroleum Technology,2011,25(4):20-31.
[11]Wang Jiazheng.Mechanism analysis and numerical simulation study of oil displacement process of SAGD[D].Daqing(Heilongjiang Province):Northeast Petroleum University,2012.(in Chinese)王家征.SAGD驱油过程机理分析及数值模拟研究[D].大庆(黑龙江):东北石油大学,2012.
[12]Shin H,Polikar M.Review of reservoir parameters to optimize SAGD and fast-SAGD operating conditions[J].Petroleum Society,2004,12(4):1-10.
[13]Xi Changfeng,Ma Desheng,Li Xiuluan.Study on SAGD technology for ultra-heavy oil in dual horizontal wells[J].Journal of Southwest Petroleum University Science and Technology Edition,2010,32(4):103-108.(in Chinese)席长丰,马德胜,李秀峦.双水平井超稠油SAGD循环预热启动优化研究[J].西南石油大学学报自然科学版,2010,32(4):103-108.
[14]Chen Sen,Dou Shengjun,You Hongjuan,et al.Application of SAGD recycle preheating technology to bilateral horizontal wells[J].Xinjiang Oil&Gas,2012,8(sup.):6-10.(in Chinese)陈森,窦升军,游红娟,等.双水平井SAGD循环预热技术及现场应用[J].新疆石油天然气,2012,8(增刊):6-10.
[15]Gao Da,Hou Jian,Sun Jianfang,et al.Economic and technical limit of steam soak in horizontal well of heavy oil reservoir[J].Petroleum Geology and Recovery Efficiency,2011,18(1):93-96.(in Chinese)高达,侯健,孙建芳,等.水平井蒸汽吞吐经济技术界限[J].油气地质与采收率,2011,18(1):93-96.
[16]Bulter R M.Steam-assisted gravity drainage:concept,development,performance and future[J].Journal of Canadian Petroleum Technology,1994,23(4):44-55.
[17]Yao Jinbao,Yao Baozhen,Yin Zhihong,et al.A bus headway optimization model with dual-population genetic algorithm[J].Journal of Shenzhen University Science and Engineering,2012,29(6):559-564.(in Chinese)姚锦宝,姚宝珍,尹智宏,等.基于双种群遗传算法的公交线路发车间隔优化[J].深圳大学学报理工版,2012,29(6):559-564.
[18]Coskuner G.A new process combining cyclic steam stimulation and steam assisted gravity drainage:hybrid SAGD[J].Journal of Canadian Technology,2009,48(1):8-13.
[19]Beattie C I,Boberg T C,Mcnab G S.Reservoir simulation of cyclic steam stimulation in the Cold Lake oil Sands[J].SPE Reservoir Engineering,1991,6(2):200-206.
[2]Butler R M.Some recent developments in SAGD[J].Journal of Canadian Petroleum Technology,2001,40(1):18-22.
[3]Gates I D,Kenny J,Hernandez-Hdez I L,et al.Steaminjection strategy and energetics of steam-assisted gravity drainage[J].SPE Reservoir Evaluation&Engineering,2007,35(6):19-34.
[4]Li P,Vink A,Nespor K,et al.Partial SAGD applications in the Jackfish SAGD project[J].Journal of Canadian Petroleum Technology,2011,11(45):19-31.
[5]Sun Xinge.Study and application of SAGD reservoir engineering optimization for shallow and super heavy oil[D].Chengdu:Southwest Petroleum University,2012.(in Chinese)孙新革.浅层超稠油双水平井SAGD技术油藏工程优化研究与应用[D].成都:西南石油大学,2012.
[6]Liu Min,Gao Xiaotian,Zou Jian,et al.SAGD technology conceptual design of thermal recovery explore for offshore extra-heavy oil[J].Oil Drilling&Production Technology,2013,13(3):94-96.(in Chinese)刘敏,高孝田,邹剑,等.海上特稠油热采SAGD技术方案设计[J].石油钻采工艺,2013,13(3):94-96.
[7]Ito Y,Chen J.Numerical history match of the burnt lake SAGD process[J].Journal of Canadian Petroleum Technology,2010,49(5):40-49.
[8]Huo jin,Sang Linxiang,Fan Yuxin,et al.Test of steam assisted gravity drainage process for super heavy oil exploitation in Fengcheng field by pair of horizontal wells[J].Xinjiang Petroleum Geology,2012,33(5):570-573.(in Chinese)霍进,桑林翔,樊玉新,等.风城超稠油双水平井蒸汽辅助重力泄油开发试验[J].新疆石油地质,2012,33(5):570-573.
[9]Li Jingling,Zhu Zhihong,Dou Shengjun,et al.Heat transfer calculation and influence factors analysis for SAGD circulation phase in dual horizontal wells[J].Xinjiang Petroleum Geology,2014,35(1):83-86.(in Chinese)李景玲,朱志宏,窦升军,等.双水平井SAGD循环预热传热计算及影响因素分析[J].新疆石油地质,2014,35(1):83-86.
[10]Yuan Jianyang,Mc Farlane R.Evaluation of steam circulation strategies for SAGD starup[J].Journal of Canadian Petroleum Technology,2011,25(4):20-31.
[11]Wang Jiazheng.Mechanism analysis and numerical simulation study of oil displacement process of SAGD[D].Daqing(Heilongjiang Province):Northeast Petroleum University,2012.(in Chinese)王家征.SAGD驱油过程机理分析及数值模拟研究[D].大庆(黑龙江):东北石油大学,2012.
[12]Shin H,Polikar M.Review of reservoir parameters to optimize SAGD and fast-SAGD operating conditions[J].Petroleum Society,2004,12(4):1-10.
[13]Xi Changfeng,Ma Desheng,Li Xiuluan.Study on SAGD technology for ultra-heavy oil in dual horizontal wells[J].Journal of Southwest Petroleum University Science and Technology Edition,2010,32(4):103-108.(in Chinese)席长丰,马德胜,李秀峦.双水平井超稠油SAGD循环预热启动优化研究[J].西南石油大学学报自然科学版,2010,32(4):103-108.
[14]Chen Sen,Dou Shengjun,You Hongjuan,et al.Application of SAGD recycle preheating technology to bilateral horizontal wells[J].Xinjiang Oil&Gas,2012,8(sup.):6-10.(in Chinese)陈森,窦升军,游红娟,等.双水平井SAGD循环预热技术及现场应用[J].新疆石油天然气,2012,8(增刊):6-10.
[15]Gao Da,Hou Jian,Sun Jianfang,et al.Economic and technical limit of steam soak in horizontal well of heavy oil reservoir[J].Petroleum Geology and Recovery Efficiency,2011,18(1):93-96.(in Chinese)高达,侯健,孙建芳,等.水平井蒸汽吞吐经济技术界限[J].油气地质与采收率,2011,18(1):93-96.
[16]Bulter R M.Steam-assisted gravity drainage:concept,development,performance and future[J].Journal of Canadian Petroleum Technology,1994,23(4):44-55.
[17]Yao Jinbao,Yao Baozhen,Yin Zhihong,et al.A bus headway optimization model with dual-population genetic algorithm[J].Journal of Shenzhen University Science and Engineering,2012,29(6):559-564.(in Chinese)姚锦宝,姚宝珍,尹智宏,等.基于双种群遗传算法的公交线路发车间隔优化[J].深圳大学学报理工版,2012,29(6):559-564.
[18]Coskuner G.A new process combining cyclic steam stimulation and steam assisted gravity drainage:hybrid SAGD[J].Journal of Canadian Technology,2009,48(1):8-13.
[19]Beattie C I,Boberg T C,Mcnab G S.Reservoir simulation of cyclic steam stimulation in the Cold Lake oil Sands[J].SPE Reservoir Engineering,1991,6(2):200-206.