鄂尔多斯地块的运动特性与现今地震活动性
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摘要
鄂尔多斯地块现今水平运动是鄂尔多斯地块本身运动与中国大陆整体运动相互叠加的结果,其动力来源主要受到青藏地块的北东向推挤、地块北缘的北西向拉张。最新的GPS速度场观测表明,鄂尔多斯地块及周缘1999~2015速度场随着时间推移发生明显变化,其东北缘、西北缘、西南缘、东南缘的速度场变化较为显著,南北缘的左旋运动速率远大于东西缘的右旋运动速率。1970年以来鄂尔多斯地块现今地震资料显示的地震活动性、应变积累释放、应力空间分布及其应力场分析结果表明,鄂尔多斯地块北缘是地块周缘乃至华北地区中强地震的主体活动区域,2000年以来地块周缘能量持续积累,是1970年以来能量积累最长的一个时段。2015年阿拉善左旗5.8级地震后,地块周缘的能量出现预释放的迹象,鄂尔多斯地块北缘具有高的应力分布异常区域。
The present horizontal movement characteristics of the Ordos block is the result of the interaction between the Ordos block movement itself and the whole movement of the mainland of China.The power source of Ordos block is mainly by push from the Qinghai-Tibet block from a NE direction,and the NW extension of the northern margin of the block.The latest GPS velocity field observational evidence from 1999 to 2015 shows that the resultant changeis significant.The velocity field change is more significant in the northeast,northwest,southwest and southeast margins of the block;the left lateral movement speed of the north and south margin is much larger than the right lateral movement speed of the east and the south marginsof the Ordos block.Seismic activity,strain accumulation and release,stress distribution and stress field analysis using the present seismic data since 1970,show that the northern margin of the Ordos block is the main region of strong earthquake activity;this is not only at the block edge,but also in north China.The energy around the Ordos block has accumulated continuously since 2000.This is the longest period since 1970,until the Alashanzuoqi 5.8earthquake in 2015.The periphery of the block has shown signs of pre-release energy,and there is an abnormal area of stress distribution in the north margin of the Ordos block.
The present horizontal movement characteristics of the Ordos block is the result of the interaction between the Ordos block movement itself and the whole movement of the mainland of China.The power source of Ordos block is mainly by push from the Qinghai-Tibet block from a NE direction,and the NW extension of the northern margin of the block.The latest GPS velocity field observational evidence from 1999 to 2015 shows that the resultant changeis significant.The velocity field change is more significant in the northeast,northwest,southwest and southeast margins of the block;the left lateral movement speed of the north and south margin is much larger than the right lateral movement speed of the east and the south marginsof the Ordos block.Seismic activity,strain accumulation and release,stress distribution and stress field analysis using the present seismic data since 1970,show that the northern margin of the Ordos block is the main region of strong earthquake activity;this is not only at the block edge,but also in north China.The energy around the Ordos block has accumulated continuously since 2000.This is the longest period since 1970,until the Alashanzuoqi 5.8earthquake in 2015.The periphery of the block has shown signs of pre-release energy,and there is an abnormal area of stress distribution in the north margin of the Ordos block.
引文
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[2]陈小斌,臧绍先,刘永岗,等.鄂尔多斯地块的现今水平运动状态及其与周缘地块的相互作用[J].中国科学院研究生院学报,2005,22(3):309-314(Chen Xiaobin,Zang Shaoxian,Liu Yonggang,et al.The Level Motion of Erdos Block and Its Interaction with Surrounding Block[J].Journal of Graduate University of Chinese Sciences Academy,2005,22(3):309-314)
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[5]李延兴,张静华,郭良迁,等.鄂尔多斯的逆时针旋转与动力学[J].大地测量与地球动力学,2005,25(3):50-56(Li Yanxing,Zhang Jinghua,Guo Liangqian,et al.Counter Clockwise Rotation and Geodynamics of Ordos Block[J].Journal of Geodesy and Geodynamics,2005,25(3):50-56)
[6]邓启东,程绍平,闵伟,等.鄂尔多斯地块新生代构造活动和动力学的讨论[J].地质力学学报,1999,5(3):13-20(Deng Qidong,Cheng Shaoping,Min Wei,et al.Discussion on the Cenozoic Tectonic Activities and Dynamics of the Ordos Block[J].Journal of Geomechanics,1999,5(3):13-20)
[7]徐锡伟,邓起东,韩竹君.霍山山前断裂晚第四纪活动和古地震研究[M].北京:地震出版社,1993(Xu Xiwei,Deng Qidong,Han Zhujun.Late Quaternary Activity and Ancient Earthquake Research of the Huoshan Piedmont Fault[M].Beijing:Seismological Press,1993)
[8]尤惠川.河套断陷盆地带地质构造特征及其成因机制的讨论[J].现代地壳运动研究,1985(1):88-97(You Huichuan.Discuss on Geological Structure Characteristics and Formation Mechanism of the Hetao Fault Basin Zone[J].Modern Crustal Movement Research,1985(1):88-97)
[9]陈小斌,臧绍先,魏荣强.稳定的鄂尔多斯地块在整体运动吗?[J].地球物理学报,2011,54(7):1 750-1 757(Chen Xiaobin,Zang Shaoxian,Wei Rongqiang.Is the Stable Ordos Block Migrating as an Entire Block?[J].Chinese J Geophy,2011,54(7):1 750-1 757)
[10]徐锡伟,程国良,马杏垣.华北及其邻区块体转动模式和动力来源[J].地球科学——中国地质大学学报,1994,19(2):129-138(Xu Xiwei,Cheng Guoliang,Ma Xingyuan.Block Rotation Patterns and Power Sources in North China and Its Adjacent Blocks[J].Earth Science—Journal of China University of Geosciences,1994,19(2):129-138)
[11]顾国华,张晶.中国地壳运动观测网络基准站GPS观测的时间序列结果[J].大地测量与地球动力学,2002,22(2):61-67(Gu Guohua,Zhang Jing.Time Series Results of GPS Observations of the Crustal Movement Observation Network in China[J].Journal of Geodesy and Geodynamics,2002,22(2):61-67)
[12]黄立人.GPS基准站时间序列的噪声特性分析[J].大地测量与地球动力学,2006(2):31-33(Huang Liren.Analysis of Noise Characteristics of Time Series of GPS Standard Station[J].Journal of Geodesy and Geodynamics,2006(2):31-33)
[13]李彦宝,冉勇康,陈立春,等.河套断陷带主要活动断裂最新地表破裂事件与历史大地震[J].地震地质,2015,37(1):110-125(Li Yanbao,Ran Yongkang,Chen Lichun,et al.The Latest Surface Rupture Events on the Major Active Faults and Great Historical Earthquakes in Hetao Fault-Depression Zone[J].Seismology and Geology,2015,37(1):110-125)
[14]方盛明,赵成彬,柴炽章,等.银川断陷盆地地壳结构与构造的地震学证据[J].地球物理学报,2009,52(7):1 768-1 775(Fang Shengming,Zhao Chengbin,Chai Chizhang,et al.Seismic Evidence of Crustal Structures in the Yinchuan Faulted Basin[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,2009,52(7):1 768-1 775)
[15]高立新,张晖,戴勇.基于应变积累释放模型研究鄂尔多斯块体地震活动特征[J].西北地震学报,2013,35(B12):54-60(Gao Lixin,Zhang Hui,Dai Yong.Research on Characteristics of Seismic Activity in Ordos Block by Strain Accumulating and Releasing Model[J].Northwestern Seidmological Journal,2013,35(B12):54-60)
[16]邓山泉,盛书中.鄂尔多斯周缘地壳应力场研究[J].华北地震科学,2015,33(2):55-62(Deng Shanquan,Sheng Shuzhong.The Crustal Stress Field around the Ordos Block[J].North China Earthquake Sciences,2015,33(2):55-62)
[17]Gutenberg B,Richter C F.Mannitude and Energy of Earthquakes[J].Ann Geofis,1956(9):1-15
[18]闻学泽,徐锡伟,龙锋,等.中国大陆东部中-弱活动断层潜在地震最大震级评估的震级-频度关系模型[J].地震地质,2007,29(2):236-253(Wen Xueze,Xu Xiwei,Long Feng,et al.Frequency-Magnitude Relationship Models for Assessment of Maximum Magnitudes of Potential Earthquakes on Moderately and Weakly Active Faults in Eastern China Mainland[J].Seismology and Geology,2007,29(2):236-253)
(1)中国地震局监测预报司预报管理处.中国地震目录(公元前23世纪~公元2010年5月)[Z].2016
[2]陈小斌,臧绍先,刘永岗,等.鄂尔多斯地块的现今水平运动状态及其与周缘地块的相互作用[J].中国科学院研究生院学报,2005,22(3):309-314(Chen Xiaobin,Zang Shaoxian,Liu Yonggang,et al.The Level Motion of Erdos Block and Its Interaction with Surrounding Block[J].Journal of Graduate University of Chinese Sciences Academy,2005,22(3):309-314)
[3]邓起东.鄂尔多斯周缘断陷盆地带的构造活动特征及其形成机制[M].北京:地震出版社,1985(Deng Qidong.Formation Mechanism and Characteristics of Tectonic Movement of Basin Zone around the Erdos Block[M].Beijing:Seismological Press,1985)
[4]国家地震局“鄂尔多斯周缘活动断裂系”课题组.鄂尔多斯周缘活动断裂系[M].北京:地震出版社,1988(Erdos Activity Periphery Fault System Research Group,State Seismological Bureau.Active Fault System around Ordos Block[M].Beijing:Seismological Press,1998)
[5]李延兴,张静华,郭良迁,等.鄂尔多斯的逆时针旋转与动力学[J].大地测量与地球动力学,2005,25(3):50-56(Li Yanxing,Zhang Jinghua,Guo Liangqian,et al.Counter Clockwise Rotation and Geodynamics of Ordos Block[J].Journal of Geodesy and Geodynamics,2005,25(3):50-56)
[6]邓启东,程绍平,闵伟,等.鄂尔多斯地块新生代构造活动和动力学的讨论[J].地质力学学报,1999,5(3):13-20(Deng Qidong,Cheng Shaoping,Min Wei,et al.Discussion on the Cenozoic Tectonic Activities and Dynamics of the Ordos Block[J].Journal of Geomechanics,1999,5(3):13-20)
[7]徐锡伟,邓起东,韩竹君.霍山山前断裂晚第四纪活动和古地震研究[M].北京:地震出版社,1993(Xu Xiwei,Deng Qidong,Han Zhujun.Late Quaternary Activity and Ancient Earthquake Research of the Huoshan Piedmont Fault[M].Beijing:Seismological Press,1993)
[8]尤惠川.河套断陷盆地带地质构造特征及其成因机制的讨论[J].现代地壳运动研究,1985(1):88-97(You Huichuan.Discuss on Geological Structure Characteristics and Formation Mechanism of the Hetao Fault Basin Zone[J].Modern Crustal Movement Research,1985(1):88-97)
[9]陈小斌,臧绍先,魏荣强.稳定的鄂尔多斯地块在整体运动吗?[J].地球物理学报,2011,54(7):1 750-1 757(Chen Xiaobin,Zang Shaoxian,Wei Rongqiang.Is the Stable Ordos Block Migrating as an Entire Block?[J].Chinese J Geophy,2011,54(7):1 750-1 757)
[10]徐锡伟,程国良,马杏垣.华北及其邻区块体转动模式和动力来源[J].地球科学——中国地质大学学报,1994,19(2):129-138(Xu Xiwei,Cheng Guoliang,Ma Xingyuan.Block Rotation Patterns and Power Sources in North China and Its Adjacent Blocks[J].Earth Science—Journal of China University of Geosciences,1994,19(2):129-138)
[11]顾国华,张晶.中国地壳运动观测网络基准站GPS观测的时间序列结果[J].大地测量与地球动力学,2002,22(2):61-67(Gu Guohua,Zhang Jing.Time Series Results of GPS Observations of the Crustal Movement Observation Network in China[J].Journal of Geodesy and Geodynamics,2002,22(2):61-67)
[12]黄立人.GPS基准站时间序列的噪声特性分析[J].大地测量与地球动力学,2006(2):31-33(Huang Liren.Analysis of Noise Characteristics of Time Series of GPS Standard Station[J].Journal of Geodesy and Geodynamics,2006(2):31-33)
[13]李彦宝,冉勇康,陈立春,等.河套断陷带主要活动断裂最新地表破裂事件与历史大地震[J].地震地质,2015,37(1):110-125(Li Yanbao,Ran Yongkang,Chen Lichun,et al.The Latest Surface Rupture Events on the Major Active Faults and Great Historical Earthquakes in Hetao Fault-Depression Zone[J].Seismology and Geology,2015,37(1):110-125)
[14]方盛明,赵成彬,柴炽章,等.银川断陷盆地地壳结构与构造的地震学证据[J].地球物理学报,2009,52(7):1 768-1 775(Fang Shengming,Zhao Chengbin,Chai Chizhang,et al.Seismic Evidence of Crustal Structures in the Yinchuan Faulted Basin[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,2009,52(7):1 768-1 775)
[15]高立新,张晖,戴勇.基于应变积累释放模型研究鄂尔多斯块体地震活动特征[J].西北地震学报,2013,35(B12):54-60(Gao Lixin,Zhang Hui,Dai Yong.Research on Characteristics of Seismic Activity in Ordos Block by Strain Accumulating and Releasing Model[J].Northwestern Seidmological Journal,2013,35(B12):54-60)
[16]邓山泉,盛书中.鄂尔多斯周缘地壳应力场研究[J].华北地震科学,2015,33(2):55-62(Deng Shanquan,Sheng Shuzhong.The Crustal Stress Field around the Ordos Block[J].North China Earthquake Sciences,2015,33(2):55-62)
[17]Gutenberg B,Richter C F.Mannitude and Energy of Earthquakes[J].Ann Geofis,1956(9):1-15
[18]闻学泽,徐锡伟,龙锋,等.中国大陆东部中-弱活动断层潜在地震最大震级评估的震级-频度关系模型[J].地震地质,2007,29(2):236-253(Wen Xueze,Xu Xiwei,Long Feng,et al.Frequency-Magnitude Relationship Models for Assessment of Maximum Magnitudes of Potential Earthquakes on Moderately and Weakly Active Faults in Eastern China Mainland[J].Seismology and Geology,2007,29(2):236-253)
(1)中国地震局监测预报司预报管理处.中国地震目录(公元前23世纪~公元2010年5月)[Z].2016